Suchergebnisse

Die Bilanz von Ansätzen zu regionaler Wirtschaftskooperation im südlichen Afrika stützt sich auf die Erfahrungen mit der "Southern African Development Coordination Conference" (SADCC). Wirtschaftliche und politische Hindernisse für Zusammenarbeit, Differenzen über die Ziele der Zusammenarbeit und Perspektiven regionaler Wirtschaftskooperation werden ebenso wie das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Staatszentralismus und Regionalismus beschrieben. (AuD-Hng)

Eine Diskussion der wirtschaftspolitischen Zielsetzungen und der westlichen Interessen in der SADCC-Region. Zentrale Probleme: mögliche Veränderungen der wirtschaftspolitischen Ziele durch ausländlische Kapitalinteressen; Zerstörungen und Belastung der Staatshaushalte durch Südafrikas Destabilisierungspolitik; Veränderung des regionalen Gleichgewichts durch Simbabwes wachsende Wirtschaftskraft. Hervorgehoben wird die Bedeutung der SADCC für den Ausbau der Infrastruktur: Beira-Korridor und Benguela-Bahn. Die US-Politik in der Region gilt als widersprüchlich. (DÜI-Wsl)

Every year statistics seem to demonstrate another decline in the quality of life in Southern Africa. The annual growth rate per capita of agricultural production in the region deteriorated to -1.04 percent from 1978-85. In March 1987, UNICEF reported that every four minutes a child under 5 years dies in Angola and Mozambique, the highest death rate among children in the world. International agencies like UNICEF now cite the major cause of this devastation: war waged by South Africa against its neighbors.

Se postula que Sudafrica del post-apartheid no sera la fuerza motriz de la region surafricana sino que, de hecho, depende de la region circunvecina para su propio desarrollo. A este respecto, los autores tratan de evaluar la forma de cooperacion regional mas apropiada para Africa del Sur. Las lecciones de America Central moldean los prolongados debates en relacion con el grado oportuno de intervencionismo estatal en las estrategias industriales, la proteccion selectiva en sectores claves, y la conveniencia de confiar en la exportacion de productos no-tradicionales como pilar para el crecimiento economico

The year 2000 was the deadline for developing countries to bring their national laws into compliance with the trade-related intellectual property rights (TRIPS) agreement under the World Trade Organization (WTO). However, the transition to one universal intellectual property law is not proceeding as scripted. After briefly summarizing a long tradition of debate about intellectual property, this article first analyzes what is new and different about TRIPS. It then argues that extending intellectual private property rights to plants, in particular in the form of patents, challenges scientific logic and threatens biodiversity. Southern Africa has also taken this view, and is proposing political and legal alternatives to the patenting of biodiversity. Combining principles from the Convention on Bio logical Diversity and the FAO International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources, draft legislation affirms farmers' and community rights, while not denying the important role of international protocols. The proposal, calling for local and national control, is not only a model for Africa, but for other developing countries to resolve the incongruities between TRIPS and the CBD over the patenting of living organisms.

After briefly summarizing a long tradition of debate about intellectual property, this article first analyzes what is new & different about trade-related intellectual property rights (TRIPS). It then argues that extending intellectual private property rights to plants, in particular in the form of patents, challenges scientific logic & threatens biodiversity. Southern Africa has also taken this view, & is proposing political & legal alternatives to the patenting of biodiversity. Combining principles from the Convention on Biological Diversity & the FAO International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources, draft legislation affirms farmers' & community rights, while not denying the important role of international protocols. The proposal, calling for local & national control, is not only a model for Africa, but for other developing countries to resolve the incongruities between TRIPS & the CBD over the patenting of living organisms. 40 References. Adapted from the source document.