Suchergebnisse

International conflicts are seldom settled for good, but rather, are transformed into new types of conflicts. Such conflict transformation can be an effective strategy of peace, provided that it does not involve the use of physical force & its outcome is a stable & equitable international order. The transformation process may concern actors, issues, & structures. Postwar Europe has been characterized by conflicts involving both ideologies & interest. An interesting aspect of the recent transformation of the European system has been its ability to dismantle ideological confrontations. The European system has been transformed by the spread of democratic procedures, the redefinition of property rights, & the entrenchment of market relations. As such, the ideological division of Europe has been largely overcome, & a civilizing process set in motion. In interstate relations, a peace relying on reciprocal adherence to rules & commitments is replacing balance-of-power politics. 19 References. AA

International relations are characterized by discontinuities that divide the world economy into geographical, political, & cultural subsystems, thereby regionalizing the global economic context. The roots of collective violence are, in the first place, in local & regional conditions that are shaped vis-a-vis the global economic structure. While global approaches can be justified in economic analyses, they tend to be fallacious when applied to issues of collective violence & regional security. The autonomy of local & regional subsystems is greater in political & military terms than in economic ones. Hence they provide an appropriate context for exploring the problems of violence & security. 2 Photos. Modified AA

Partial contents: The United Nations and its international environment; UN as the coalition of victorious powers, 1945-47; US hegemony, 1948-63; Signs of duopoly and fragmentation in 1964-74; Fragmentation and disagreement, 1975-84; The UN and resolution of peripheral conflicts.

Effectiveness of various U.N. resolutions, intermediaries, and peacekeeping operations.

Effects of shifts in the international distribution of economic and military power on conflict in the world's peripheral regions; based on conference paper.