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Increasing attention to post-conflict peacebuilding (PCPB) has led to the investment of millions of dollars into countries that are emerging from conflict. Despite the enthusiasm when fighting stops, post-conflict situations bear a risk of renewed conflict. This article focuses on the role of parallel economies in the recurrence of conflict and elaborates their implications for PCPB. In a post-conflict setting, parallel economies are a legacy of conflict economies and provide a space for illicit and illegal economic activities that are not captured by the state, thus complicating the creation of welfare entitlements that bind citizens to the state. It will be argued that parallel economies contribute to the undermining of PCPB by diverting resources away from reconstruction and state-building and by empowering actors with little interest in peace. Moreover, it will be argued that the profits from parallel economies tend to be higher than the funds available to donors for PCPB and reconstruction. This affects the power balance between profiteers and donors in a post-conflict setting. Concerning policy, the article explores engaging parallel economies from a sector-specific perspective and questions the usefulness of criminalizing the parallel economy.

This volume draws together original research related to conceptual and practical advances at the interface of urban safety and peacebuilding. The book reflects the advances in urban safety and peacebuilding to help address the rapidly increasing risk of conflict and insecurity in cities. Specifically, it draws on contributions to the Technical Working Group on the Confluence of Urban Safety and Peacebuilding Practice, an informal expert network co-facilitated by the United Nations Office at Geneva, UN-Habitat's Safer Cities Programme, and the Geneva Peacebuilding Platform. A focus on 'sustaining peace' serves as a framework for situating new policy responses against conflict, violence, and exclusion in the city, and for promoting a conversation across disciplinary and specialist silos. The volume thereby broadens the optic of peacebuilding practice beyond interstate and intrastate armed conflicts – and especially their aftermath – and reconnects it to the community-level origins of building peace. The analysis and practice presented here will remind those willing to work towards peaceful and inclusive cities that there are tried and tested approaches available, and a host of experts and practitioners ready to accompany those prepared to lead in their respective contexts.4243 $CISBN$69781138554726

This volume draws together original research related to conceptual and practical advances at the interface of urban safety and peacebuilding.The book reflects the advances in urban safety and peacebuilding to help address the rapidly increasing risk of conflict and insecurity in cities. Specifically, it draws on contributions to the Technical Working Group on the Confluence of Urban Safety and Peacebuilding Practice, an informal expert network co-facilitated by the United Nations Office at Geneva, UN-Habitat's Safer Cities Programme, and the Geneva Peacebuilding Platform. A focus on 'sustaining peace' serves as a framework for situating new policy responses against conflict, violence, and exclusion in the city, and for promoting a conversation across disciplinary and specialist silos. The volume thereby broadens the optic of peacebuilding practice beyond interstate and intrastate armed conflicts - and especially their aftermath - and reconnects it to the community-level origins of building peace. The analysis and practice presented here will remind those willing to work towards peaceful and inclusive cities that there are tried and tested approaches available, and a host of experts and practitioners ready to accompany those prepared to lead in their respective contexts.This book will be of interest to students and researchers in the fields of peacebuilding, urban studies, security studies, and international relations.

The transition from war to peace is fraught with tension and the risk of a return to bloodshed. With so much at stake, it is crucial that the international community and local stakeholders make sense of the complex mosaic of challenges, to support a lasting, inclusive and prosperous peace. Recent missions, such as in Afghanistan, Somalia, or Sudan, have highlighted the fact that there can be no one-size-fits-all approach to steering countries away from violence and towards stability. This Adelphi offers a series of economic perspectives on conflict resolution, to show how the challenges of pea