Suchergebnisse

The deficiencies in the capability of the state to design and implement effective policies are arguably the biggest development challenge facing developing countries like India. This book seeks to assess state capability in India, identify weaknesses in policy design and programme implementation, and their causes, and propose some measures to remedy them. Importantly, it does so while recognising political economy constraints and focusing predominantly on the administrative contributors. To this extent, the book's suggestions are practical enough for adoption by stakeholders at different levels. It describes the institutional design, constitutional provisions, the organisational structure, and the personnel of the Indian state.

The notion of capability—including that of organizational capability—has been studied extensively in the literature. The standard treatment on this subject matter has tended to focus on building the capacity of its human resources since its impact on the ability of the organization to fulfil its mandates has been well recognized. In looking at the broader concept of organizational capability, however, consideration must be given to the assertion that an organization does not work in a vacuum and that its external environment plays a key role in shaping the manner in which it works. Since the environment tends to be complex and turbulent, the introduction of uncertainty and risks in the analysis makes the notion of organizational capability murkier. This article argues that one way of dealing with this constraint is to look at capability as being derived from its sequential relationship with results and strategy, and which affords governments a more holistic picture. It also argues that by preparing organizational statements of intent (sois), public organizations are better able to understand their environments as well as convey purposeful action to Parliaments. Empirical evidence from application of sois in public agencies shows that they are useful tools for governments to consider applying seriously.

We elaborate a theory of the foundations of a collective capability for compassion through a detailed analysis of everyday practices in an organizational unit. Our induced theory of compassion capability draws on the findings of an interview study to illustrate and explain how a specific set of everyday practices creates two relational conditions — high quality connections and a norm of dynamic boundary permeability — that enable employees of a collective unit to notice, feel and respond to members' suffering. By articulating the mechanisms that connect everyday practices and a work unit's compassion capability, we provide insight into the relational micro-foundations of a capability grounded in individual action and interaction.

Social policies are required to go beyond the compensation of disadvantages obtained by offering goods and services capable of guarantee and widen individual and collective decision-making capabilities. In this sense, capabilities come into play, since they are the elements that relate to freedom and human rights—which are related to all dimensions of human life.Thus, even unemployment might be regarded as a case of capability deprivation, which results in an unaccomplished activation of empowerment processes (Sen, 2004; Nussbaum, 2002).This article deals with the issue of acquiring capabilities that are functional to the inclusion in the labour market. The research this paper refers to is still ongoing; its focus is on the theme of social inclusion of people with disabilities thanks to vocational induction. The Italian context—which is framed by this research into a wider international frame—is still well-advanced, although it runs the risk of ceasing to develop as a result of the current economical crisis ; Le politiche sociali sono chiamate a situarsi oltre la compensazione degli svantaggi offrendo beni e servizi in grado di ampliare e garantire le capacità di scelta individuali e collettive. In questo senso sono chiamate a pieno titolo in gioco le capabilities quali elementi che riguardano anche le libertà, i diritti fondamentali riferiti a tutte le dimensioni della vita umana. Anche la mancanza di un lavoro, dunque, può essere considerata una capability deprivation, un mancato avvio dei processi di empowerment (Sen, 2004; Nussbaum, 2002).Il presente articolo affronta il tema dell'acquisizione di capability funzionali all'inserimento nel mondo del lavoro, presentando una ricerca in fieri che propone il tema dell'inclusione sociale di persone con disabilità grazie all'inserimento al lavoro. Il contesto italiano, inserito nel contributo di questa ricerca in un contesto di più ampio respiro internazionale, resta all'avanguardia, ma corre il rischio, con l'attuale congiuntura economica, di subire una battuta ...

For Western armed forces, the dilemmas highlighted in recent editions of The Military Balance continue. Budget pressures are forcing states to conduct defence reviews that in many cases are leading to reductions in military organisations, inventories and capabilities. A key element of this challenge will be to decide which capabilities to keep, and in what scale and number, and even whether these should be retained on a national basis. Adapted from the source document.