Suchergebnisse

The current statist order assumes that states have a right to make rules involving the transfer and/or extraction of natural resources within the territory. Cosmopolitan theories of global justice have questioned whether the state is justified in its control over natural resources, typically by pointing out that having resources is a matter of good luck, and this unfairness should be addressed. This paper argues that self-determination does generate a right over resources, which others should not interfere with. It does not entail, however, that there is no obligation on rich countries to redistribute to poor countries. Indeed, in some rare instances, it might be necessary for a particular political community to use its resources, but the presumption is that the collectively self-determining group (the political community) should have the right to decide that.

The philosophical literature on global distributive justice has become both more substantive and more rigorous in recent years. This article surveys some recent positions within that literature and notes that the differences between them often involve different views about the empirical facts underlying global wealth and poverty. This suggests that some headway might be gained in arguments about global justice by a greater engagement between political philosophy and empirical political science. Adapted from the source document.

AbstractShould state borders matter for claims of distributive justice? The article explores, only to reject, the best reasons for an 'Anti-Cosmopolitan' position which grants some minimum international obligations, including social and economic human rights. At the same time this Anti-Cosmopolitanism rejects distinctlydistributiveprinciples of justice, familiar from discussions of justice among compatriots: There are no further limits on permissible global inequalities. 'Anti-Cosmopolitans' do not deny that the tangled web of domestic and international institutions has a massive impact on individuals, their life plans and opportunities, albeit often indirectly and surreptitiously. What they deny is that claims to equality or limits to inequality should apply across state borders. The article explores what it is about states that can justify such a disjunct in the normative claims individuals have against each other. Several arguments about such alleged salient aspects of states and their constitutions are considered, but are found lacking. The main conclusion is to challenge the reasons Anti-Cosmopolitans offer against bringing distributive principles to the 'Global Basic Structure'.

Luck egalitarianism provides one powerful way of defending global egalitarianism. The basic luck egalitarian idea that persons ought not to be disadvantaged compared to others on account of his or her bad luck seems to extend naturally to the global arena, where random factors such as persons' place of birth and the natural distribution of the world's resources do affect differentially their life chances. Yet luck egalitarianism as an ideal, as well as its global application, has come under severe criticisms in recent debate. My aim in this article is to restore plausibility to the luck egalitarian idea, and to suggest how it could then provide a plausible grounding for global egalitarianism. To do this, I will propose a more modest but also more defensible conception of luck egalitarianism that can also strengthen the case for global distributive justice.

Part I: Introduction to IP -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- Part II: Case Studies -- Chapter 2: China Enga/ges in International Regulation of Geographical Indications -- Chapter 3: China Engages in International Regulation of Disclosure Obligation -- Chapter 4: China Emerges in International Standardisation -- Chapter 5: China's Bilateral IP Engagement: A Look into the Chinese FTAs -- Chapter 6: China and Multilateral IP Governance -- Part III: Discussion -- Chapter 7: Who Governs? Actors in China's International IP Engagement -- Chapter 8: Principles for China's International IP Engagement -- Chapter 9: China's Strategies to Engage in Global IP Governance -- Chapter 10: Conclusion.