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Emphasis in mass communication is changing from the transportion of information to its processing. New technology and the demands of a pluralistic society are straining traditional journalistic values and creating a market for new forms of specialization. Neither traditional journalism nor traditional journalism training is likely to be adequate to meet these demands. The marketplace is demanding — and will inevitably get — a basic paradigm shift.

Abstract
Danielle Batist is a freelance journalist and editor who embraces an entrepreneurial and positive approach to journalism. She has lived and worked in several countries around the globe. In the fifteen years she has been working as a journalist, she has developed an interest in social change, which she pursued in her work as the editor of the International Network of Street Papers (INSP), reaching six million readers in over 40 countries, and which underpins her current focus on 'Constructive Journalism' – a project she co-founded in 2014. Drawing on a variety of behavioural and audience studies, constructive journalism can be defined as 'as rigorous, compelling reporting that includes positive and solutionfocused elements in order to empower audiences and present a fuller picture of truth, while upholding journalism's core functions and ethics' – in other words, an approach that attempts to bring positive elements to conventional reporting. By using a 'wellbeing' model of the world instead of a 'disease' model, stories about what is working – rather than just what is broken – become part of the news eco-system. Last year, Danielle got involved in the re-launch of Positive News, founded in 1993 and re-launched in 2016 as a magazine. The publication showcases a new model for media ownership, as well as a new way to tell news stories. Owned by a community of 1526 journalists, readers and supporters from 33 countries, the magazine features 'Constructive Conversation', where thought leaders are challenged to find common ground; 'Solutions Lab', where forward-thinking responses to difficult social issues are unearthed; 'What Happened Next?' where stories reported upon previously are updated. All these aspects are highlighted in a conversation with Danielle Batist, who gives her insight on the discussed matters.

"This 3rd edition maps the new world of Investigative Journalism, where technology and globalisation have connected and energized journalists, whistle-blowers and the latest players, with far-reaching consequences in politics and business worldwide. In this new edition, expert contributors demonstrate how crowdsourcing, big data, globalization of information and changes in media ownership and funding have escalated the impact of investigative journalists. The book includes case studies of investigative journalism from around the world including the exposure of EU corruption, destruction of the Malaysian environment, and investigations in China, Poland and Turkey. From Ibero-America to Nigeria, India to the Arab world, investigative journalists intensify their countries' evolution by inquisition and revelation. This new edition reveals how investigative journalism has gone digital and global. Investigative Journalism is essential for all those intending to master global politics, international relations, media and justice in the 21st century"--

Introduction : understanding "watchdog journalism" in an authoritarian country -- Conceptualizing investigative journalism in China -- The flourishing of investigative journalism in the 1990s -- The fall of investigative journalism in the 21st century questioned -- Maintaining the legitimacy of Chinese journalism -- An organisational analysis : the case study of Southern metropolis daily -- Reporting on social riots : how investigative journalists tell stories -- Investigative journalism and the public -- Conclusion : investigative journalism as a reforming force.

Major changes have been challenging journalism in the last two decades, in the context of the 'digital age'. The technological possibilities developed in the 'information society', together with the social and cultural trend for more participation, opened this field to new actors, which caused professional journalists to lose their traditional monopoly of searching, gathering, editing and diffusing news in the public sphere. At the same time, these new possibilities of communicating are increasingly forcing the old actors to play new roles in the media. The digital techniques and the Internet gave birth to a big diversity of new media and of new forms of dealing with journalism and public information. 'Citizen journalism', 'participatory journalism', 'user-generated content', 'crowdsourcing', 'weblogs',' Twitter', 'Facebook', etc., are words and expressions rather common these days, all of them somehow calling the attention to the fact that journalism-as-a-professional-activity seems to coexist more and more with various forms of journalism-as-a-civic-activity, performed by very different people, under very different conditions and with very different levels of involvement and expertise. As a consequence, questions are being raised about the ethical implications of this new scenario, both in what regards the activity of professional journalists in new (online) media and the active commitment of 'laypersons' in the process of gathering, editing and diffusing information. In this paper we will try to analyze and to discuss these questions, with reference, among others, to Eliot Freidson (2004) and his distinction between 'practice ethics' and 'institutional ethics'. Furthermore, we'll try to discuss what really makes journalism distinctive from other practices that nowadays coexist with it in the public sphere, strongly increasing the possibilities of communication between people but not necessarily following the purposes of public interest and of civic democratic participation. In this context, the concept of ...

Political journalism comprises one of the most unmistakable spaces of journalism and is basic for the working of the majority rules system. Preferably, political journalism should work as a data supplier, guard dog, and gathering for political conversations, accordingly helping residents cmprehend political issues and help forestall maltreatment of intensity. The degree to which it does is, notwithstanding, discussed. Aside from regularizing beliefs, political journalism is formed by factors at a few degrees of examination, including the framework level, the media authoritative level, and the individual level. Not least significant for political journalism is the nearby, associated, and combative relationship with political entertainers, forming both the cycles and the substance of political news-casting. As far as substance, four key ideas in the examination on political journalism in Western vote-based frameworks are the outlining of governmental issues as a vital game, interpretive versus straight news, struggle to outline and media cynicism, and political or sectarian inclination.

In summary one-third of the political coverage analyzed in the 16 countries was found to contain interpretive journalism, with some countries - including France and the United States - making use of it much more than the rest. Indeed, the story genres and the interpretive journalism used in the various countries differ substantially, indicating distinct motives and news cultures. A multivariate analysis conducted to identify the most powerful predictors of interpretive journalism finds that, first, upmarket newspapers and mass-market newspapers are more likely to be interpretive than online news; second, commercial television news is more likely to be interpretive than public service television news; and third, interpretive journalism is further boosted by high competition among television channels. The chapter concludes with a cautionary note warning against overhasty conclusions about the international prevalence of interpretive journalism and the linkage between it and media types or outlets without first examining specific contexts.