Suchergebnisse

The paper explores the construct of emotional and mental well-being, a blend of personal, cognitive-evaluative and emotional features of the positive functioning of a human being. The authors study the role of emotional and mental well-being in the perception of difficult life situations: job loss, children's life-threating disease, as well as in standard life situations. They use a set of methods to evaluate different aspects of emotional and mental well-being, including K. Riff's methodology, "Satisfaction with life scale" by E. Diener, self-development orientation tests, a questionnaire of satisfaction with various life aspects, the methodology "Assessment of mental activation, interest, emotional tone, tension and comfort" (N.A. Kurgansky, T.A. Nemchin), integrative test of anxiety (A.P. Bizyuk, L.I. Wasserman, B.V. Iovlev), M. Fordis scale of happiness, "Semantic differential of life situation", etc. The sample included 214 people aged 24–57 (average age: 37 years old), including 38 unemployed, 52 women with a severely ill child being treated in a hospice. The study revealed significant differences in the self-perception of life situations by people in objectively different situations. It shows the effect of emotional and mental well-being on the self-perception of the situation and the change in its role in different situations. In difficult and poorly controlled situations (child's severe illness), emotional and mental well-being can change both downwards and upwards. In these situations, high emotional and mental well-being is an internal resource that allows more fully and unbiasedly perceiving the negative and positive aspects of the situation, which can contribute to its fruitful overcoming. In a standard life situation, high emotional and mental well-being with a more negative perception of the situation constitutes a development resource that prompts a person to life changes.

AbstractThe aim of this systematic integrative review was to review existing research on children in domestic violence shelters, and specifically to examine previous research on how shelters contribute to children's life situation after leaving a violent home. The review includes 28 scientific articles published between 1984 and 2021. These were thematically analyzed and discussed using a children's rights perspective to identify strengths and limitations in existing research and social work practice. The analysis resulted in five themes: (1) safety and security, (2) health, behavior, and support, (3) schooling, (4) spare time and shelter environment, and (5) social relationships. Safety and security is a theme of great importance, and if this aspects is lacking, it can adversely affect other areas of the children's lives. Overall, the children feel safe at the shelters, and they appreciate the playgrounds and activities offered by the shelter. They often make friends at the shelter. The children's right to be protected from violence appears to be prioritized, but the studies show the importance of also acknowledging children's rights to support, education, recreational time, and social relationships, to improve their life situation at the shelter.

Die BAMF-Kurzanalyse 5|2021 gibt einen Einblick in die Sozialstruktur, die Umstände des Ankommens sowie die Lebenssituationen von in Deutschland lebenden Geflüchteten im Alter von 45 Jahren und älter. Vorwiegend auf Basis der 3. Welle der IAB-BAMF-SOEP-Befragung von Geflüchteten aus dem Jahr 2018 untersucht die Autorin die Zusammensetzung der Gruppe der Geflüchteten im Alter von 45 Jahren und älter, die hauptsächlich zwischen 2013 und 2016 nach Deutschland kamen, hinsichtlich des Geschlechts, Alters und der Herkunftsländer. Zudem werden ihre Ankunft und das Einleben in Deutschland betrachtet, wobei ein besonderes Augenmerk auf der familiären und sozialen Situation liegt. Zuletzt werden auch die Sorgen und Zufriedenheit dieser Personengruppe in verschiedenen Lebensbereichen beleuchtet.

"The identification and control of food contaminants rely on careful investigation and implementation of appropriate management strategies. Using a wide range of real-life examples, Case studies in food safety and authentucity provides a vital insight into the practical application of strategies for control and prevention."--P. [4] of cover

The 'discovery' of third-world women and their situation followed in the wake of research by feminists in western societies. In the late 1960s, Ester Boserup documented that especially African rural women had experienced a major increase in their workload during this century; they had become the main producers not only of subsistence food but also of cash crops.

The article presents theoretical and empirical studies of cognitive and stylistic characteristics of a person and their connection with the regulation of activity (coping behaviour, mechanisms of psychological protection). The problem of mental
representation of a difficult life situation is raised. It is said that the link between the cognitive and stylistic characteristics of the individual and coping, protective mechanisms, is the assessment of the situation, its mental representation. The paper
describes the results of a study of a narrow vs wide range of equivalence, assessment by representatives of different cognitive poles of difficult life situations, the relationship with coping and psychological defences. Significant differences in the regulation of personal activity in a problem situation are revealed. Thus, respondents with a wide range of equivalence (n=32) are more likely to resort to coping strategies such as Escape-Avoidance, Distancing and Confrontational coping. In defence mechanisms, they prefer Substitution, Reactive formations, and Displacement. In assessments of the situation, they are less likely to give such characteristics: Good, Full, Bright. It is also statistically proven that there are a small number of relationships in this group between the assessment of the situation and the regulation of activity. It is concluded that
respondents with a narrow range of equivalence (n=38) give a more diverse assessment of a difficult life situation, which does not always contribute to a quick solution of the problem.

The study aims to examine the impact of using real life situation in solving linear equations by seventh graders. In order to achieve the designated aim of the study, the study was conducted in one of the Arab schools in Israel. A sample of 20 average students was deliberately chosen depending on their educational achievement. Two approached were employed within the study; the qualitative approach and its quantitative counterpart. Results of the study clearly exhibit that student have undergone three stages: in the first stage, a development in the concept of "similar terms" was noticed. The second stage showed a development in the concept of "quantity comparison." In the final stage of the study, the students became familiar with the concept of parity in the linear equations. In light of the researchers' findings, the study could be concluded with some important recommendations and suggestions. Namely, to review the mathematics curriculum for the middle school students and recreating one that seriously tackles real life situations. Implementation of advanced technology and software within the mathematics class, and working on further research on the topic of the study are also highly encouraged.

Received: 23 September 2021 / Accepted: 16 November 2021 / Published: 3 January 2022

For a more precise scientific approach, the article offers a justification of the criteria for attribution to the objects of social work through such a phenomenon as social adaptation (maladjustment). This article reveals the indicators of socio-psychological adaptation (maladjustment) of various population groups. An important indicator of adaptability is life satisfaction. The article presents the results of an empirical study of the level of socio-psychological adaptation of the population (migrants, the unemployed, the disabled and pensioners) and the factors affecting it, as well as socio-psychological technologies for working with various groups of the population in crisis.