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This paper describes professional identity of counselor educators teaching in a counselor profession education in Indonesia. The counselor identitiy was explored using a self-reported semi-open questionnaire and a focus-group discussion. Using the questionnaire, the couselors self-assessed their competency level of 75 competence-statement based on the government's regulation. Their self-assessed level of competencies was compared to factors like age, teaching experiences, professional development as well as their self-efficacy toward the counselor competencies mandated by the government. To confirm the survey findings, a focus-group discussion was held and revealed culture-specific competencies that were not explicated in the regulation but deemed an important characteristic of the counselors' identity. The study found that the counselors described themselves having average level of the mandated competencies and developing culture-specific competency related to technology literacy. The findings provide recommendation to set up context-suited professional development training that prepare the counselors for teaching in the profession training.

Medical moulage is the art of reproducing a healthy or afflicted body part as macroscopic model for the purpose of documentation, training or assessment. Casts, additionally modified by colouring or other techniques, and wax moulages have served as models since ancient times until photography was established. Modern moulage includes a complex combination of silicone casts, temporary tattoos, professional make-up, and other techniques to depict particular signs of disease on a healthy person or on a mannequin in simulation-based education. In the literature a comprehensive overview about the use of modern medical moulage in health professions education is missing. We aim to provide medical educators with such an overview of this promising aspect of simulation in education, describing how the moulages are being used in health professions education and assessment, and how the use of moulage is evaluated regarding its effectiveness. Hits for the search term "moulage" in the journal websites' search option of InCites Journal Citation Report listed journals of dermatology (all, n=63) and education journals (health related, including nursing and military medicine, n=22) constituted an initial data basis and included publications up until December 2017. Original research articles in English and German describing the use of modern medical moulage in health professions education (teaching and assessment) or evaluating such use were included. Based on these search results, iterative forward search (sources citing an included hit) as well as iterative backward search (sources cited within an included hit) was performed until no more articles matching inclusion criteria were found. For inclusion, articles had to specify either the depicted condition, information on whom the moulages were used, the training's or assessment's target population, the educational scenario in which moulages were used, or the mode of moulage evaluation. In sum, 50 articles were included in this review. The use of modern moulage included the simulation of signs of trauma like hematoma, abrasions, lacerations, burns, open and closed fractures, evisceration, or amputations and, in a more dermatological setting, integumentary diseases such as melanoma, herpes, psoriasis, diabetic ulcer or Ebola rashes. Moulage was either applied to mannequins or simulated patients. Target populations covered undergraduate and postgraduate learners in health professions including nursing students and registered nurses, medical students, residents, physicians, pharmacy students, emergency medical technicians, firemen, first responders, and army and navy personnel. 39 studies reported the use of moulage in teaching settings. These were predominantly instances of clinical skills teaching, but a different, noteworthy application was to facilitate affective learning objectives by applying the moulage to the students themselves and letting them experience certain illnesses. Eleven studies described the use of moulage for assessment purposes. In both, teaching and assessment, moulages were evaluated regarding the extent to which they looked realistic and the extent to which their use enhanced the credibility of the simulation. For teaching, moulage was additionally evaluated regarding its usability and teaching effectiveness. Different teaching modalities (with or without or with different moulages) were compared regarding their effect on learners' self-efficacy and performance. In assessment, moulages were evaluated indirectly by the extent to which simulated lesions (like incidental melanoma) were correctly detected by the examinees. In this review, we analysed and describe how modern moulage is used in health professions education. A certain degree of validity can be argued for both teaching and assessment settings. The range of signs and symptoms being simulated with moulage is probably wider then could be reported here, since the details of moulage simulation are often not elaborated upon in literature. As in other simulation settings, there is little understanding so far, as to how much simulation authenticity is necessary, i.e. when moulage application is worth the effort and makes a meaningful difference. On a more practical side, studies have demonstrated that moulage produced by professional make-up artists is of higher quality than health professions educators' own creations. Therefore, we suggest there should be more opportunities for health professions educators to professionalize themselves and we highlight the value of exchanging recipes and techniques of preparing modern medical moulage. Lastly, we emphasize the educational potential of modern medical moulage, as it offers possibilities well beyond clinical skills training.

ABSTRACTThe accounting profession is experiencing unprecedented changes due to forces such as technological advancement and increased global interactions. Researchers and educators in accounting are well positioned to provide valuable insight that guides this change process through well-executed education research. We identify research questions related to five topical areas impacted by the changing accounting environment. Research in these areas can significantly serve and enhance the accounting profession. Specifically, we discuss questions related to (1) factors affecting the entry-level hiring process, (2) technology and professional interactions, (3) accountants' professional identity, (4) continuing professional education (CPE), and (5) academic collaboration with the profession.

Chapter 1: Overcoming the Boundaries of Legal Education: How to Make Sense of the Pandemic -- Chapter 2: Assume and Not Postpone: Effective Education and Also Digital- Chapter 3: Student Engagement, Online Learning and COVID-19: A Law School Perspective -- Chapter 4: Legal Education and Legal Profession During and Beyond COVID-19: Studying Law During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

A ZLRev. article on legal education for black Africans in Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe.) ; Consistent with the.discrimination against black citizens which characterized Rhodesian settler rule, access to legal education and the legal profession was deliberately and almost totally denied to blacks until Zimbabwe's independence in 1980. This fact, combined with the exodus, particularly of whites in the legal branches of the civil service, resulted in the democratically elected government having to take radical measures to deal with the situation. One aspect of this was the establishment of crash courses, initially taught.largely by academics in the Law Department of the University of Zimbabwe to specially recruited students who would not have qualified for normal entry to the University. These were destined to fill posts as prosecutors and magistrates in the Magistrates' Courts and as presiding officers in the newly created Community Courts.

Item 1043. ; "December 1980." ; "Prepared for the Congressional Research Service by Lewin and Associates, Inc."--P. ix. ; At head of title: 96th Congress, 2d session. Committee print. ; Mode of access: Internet.

7. Poor Thinking, Poor Outcome? The Future of the Law Degree after the Legal Education and Training Review and the Case for Socio-LegalismI. TWENTIETH CENTURY LAW DEGREES; II. TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY REGULATION OF LAW DEGREES; III. THE LETR RESEARCH REPORT; IV. RICH PEOPLE'S LAW, POOR PEOPLE'S LAW AND SOCIO-LEGALISM; V. THE CENTRALITY OF SOCIO-LEGAL APPROACHES; VI. CONCLUSION; 8. Creating a More Flexible Approach to Education and Training; I. REGULATION THROUGH EDUCATION AND TRAINING STANDARDS; II. FLEXIBILITY OVER A CAREER; III. FLEXIBILITY FOR FIRMS; IV. FLEXIBILITY FOR EDUCATIONAL PROVIDERS.

The expert contribution brings knowledge not only about the special education profession itself, but also describes important competencies that are crucial for the performance of the special education profession in the Czech Republic. The mentioned profession is included in the system of helping professions, which have their specificity not only in the context of the demanding performance of the given profession. As part of the presentation of the legislation related to professional requirements, we also discuss the level of personal assumptions, which is based on the personal setting of each special education teacher. The special pedagogue is a key actor in the integratively inclusive process and, thanks to his competences, abilities and personality, he works to shape the next generations and social thinking.