Suchergebnisse

The purpose of this conceptual article is to advance theory and research on one critical aspect of the context of ethnic–racial identity (ERI) development: ethnic–racial settings, or the objective and subjective nature of group representation within an individual's context. We present a new conceptual framework that consists of four dimensions: (1) perspective (that settings can be understood in both objective and subjective terms); (2) differentiation (how groups are defined in a setting); (3) heterogeneity (the range of groups in a setting); and (4) proximity (the distance between the individual and the setting). Clarifying this complexity is crucial for advancing a more coherent understanding of how ethnic–racial settings are related to ERI development.

This article presents the problems that highly developed countries have had over the years, facing a period of exacerbated migrations. Once immigrants have arrived in highly developed countries, they go through a process of ethnic and cultural transition that can have consequences at the level of individuals' personalities, but also at the level of the country. Educating people on multiculturalism that promotes and integrates ethnic and racial diversity can be a starting point for homogenizing groups. Educational programs that promote the integration and understanding of ethnic minorities in the majority, through social learning, become the key to the success of the cohesion of unitary groups that present a harmonious development of the individual.

Introduction / Martin Bulmer and John Solomos. -- The continuing significance of race?: teaching ethnic and racial studies in sociology / David Mason. -- Philosophy and racial identity / Linda Martín Alcoff. -- The symbolic empire and the history of racial inequality / Caroline Knowles. -- The historiography of immigrants and ethnic minorities: Britain compared with the USA / Panikos Panayi. -- Teaching race in cultural studies: a ten-step programme of personal development / Gargi Bhattacharyya. -- Ethnicity etcetera: social anthropological points of view / Richard Jenkins. -- 'Race' in psychology: teaching the subject / Karen Henwood and Ann Phoenix. -- Political science encounters 'race' and 'ethnicity' / Rupert Taylor. -- 'The approval of headquarters': race and ethnicity in English studies / Maria Lauret. -- Constructions of 'race', place and discipline: geographies of 'racial' identity and racism / Alastair Bonnett. -- Peopling the past: approaches to 'race' and ethnicity in archaeology / Sian Jones

In this paper I examine the conditions under which racial and ethnic groups in America express their group identities through political action. Toward this end, I review first the socio-economic status model of political and electoral participation. In the discussion of this model, I open up for consideration the much broader range of types of political participation possible in society. I then hypothesize that there are an enormous variety of stimuli possible which provoke group based electoral and political behavior, and based on the political participation model -- an alternative model introduced in Race and Ethnicity in Chicago Politics (Pinderhughes 1987) -- briefly discuss some of the factors which explain their existence. Finally, using Black political behavior as an example, I specify some of the ways in which extensive group based political mobilization has occurred in the U.S.

Race and ethnicity continue to divide us. Accurate data on those divisions, their effects, and their causes are vital to understanding them and, where it is possible and desired, healing them. The articles by Clyde Tucker and Brian Kojetin and by Ruth McKay and Manuel de la Puente describe the joint BLS‐Census efforts to develop questions on these issues for the Current Population Survey that will increase the accuracy of the counts and reduce negative emotional responses to the survey itself.