Suchergebnisse

"We develop a framework that may be used to determine the degree to which a school choice program may harm public school stayers by luring the best students to other schools. This framework results in a simple formula showing that the "cream-skimming" effect is increasing in the degree of heterogeneity within schools, the school choice takeup rate of strong students relative to weak students, and the importance of peers. We use the formula to investigate the effects of a voucher program on the high school graduation rate of the students who would remain in public school. We employ NELS:88 data to measure the characteristics of public school students, to estimate a model of the private school entrance decision, and to estimate peer group effects on graduation. We supplement the econometric estimates with a wide range of alternative assumptions about school choice and peer effects. We find that the cream skimming effect is negative but small and that this result is robust across our specifications"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site

Kegiatan ditujukan bagi mahasiswa yang tidak luput dari tantangan minat membaca dan menulis karya ilmiah yang belum optimal. Berdasarkan fenomena tersebut, dilakukan kegiatan sosialisasi teknik membaca dan workshop penulisan artikel bagi mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Cenderawasih. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini dilakukan oleh 3 (tiga) orang tim pengabdi dengan pokok bahasan pengantar dan masalah umum dalam kegiatan membaca, teknik membaca cepat dan efektif (Skimming dan Scanning), pilihan bacaan berbasis digital, langkah-langkah menulis karya ilmiah dan, latihan menulis karya ilmiah. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa peserta kegiatan antusias. Terlihat dari banyaknya komentar cara membaca buku baik buku dalam bentuk fisik maupun referensi versi digital serta bentuk tulisan yang layak dipublikasikan.

Students in private schools routinely outperform those in public schools both in the United States and around the world. But do private schools make students better or do they simply cream skim better students? In this article I take advantage of the remarkable fact that in many districts in India a majority of students attend private schools. As the private share of school enrollment increases, cream skimming becomes less plausible as the explanation for a higher rate of achievement in private schools. Evidence for cream skimming is found when the private share of schooling is low, in the range of 0–15%, and thus private schools have a large public pool from which to skim. But the private effect on achievement does not appear to diminish greatly even in districts where more than 70% of students are in private schools. Most importantly, mean scores taken over the entire population of students, private and public, increase with the share of private schooling. These findings support a significant productivity effect of private schools. (JEL I25, I2, L33)

AbstractThe notion of cream‐skimming—defined as the propensity to prioritize clients who have a higher likelihood of meeting bureaucratic success criteria, including organizational goals—is at the heart of street‐level bureaucracies. However, there is often no direct information available to street‐level bureaucrats whether clients will actually meet bureaucratic success criteria. This study argues that street‐level bureaucrats assess clients' potential to reach these criteria via their administrative literacy—a client's capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic information and services from public administrations—as displayed in social interactions. Therefore, this study elaborates on the role of clients' administrative literacy and its effects on cream‐skimming behavior. Using data from two experiments, we show that public employees prioritize clients with higher levels of preparedness and effective communication strategies. These findings suggest that cream‐skimming is not just a rational cost–benefit analysis, but strongly influenced by social dynamics within public encounters.

Abstract
Quasi-markets that introduce choice and competition between public service providers are intended to improve quality and efficiency. This article demonstrates that quasi-market competition may also affect the distribution of users. First, we develop a simple theoretical framework that distinguishes between user sorting and cream-skimming as mechanisms through which quasi-markets may lead to high-ability users becoming more concentrated among one group of providers and low-ability users among a different group. Second, we empirically examine the impact of a nationwide quasi-market policy that introduced choice and activity-based budgeting into Danish public high schools. We exploit variation in the degree of competition that schools were exposed to, based on the concentration of providers within a geographical area. Using a differences-in-differences design—and register data containing the full population of students over a 9-year period (N = 207,394)—we show that the composition of students became more concentrated in terms of intake grade point average after the reform in high-competition areas relative to low-competition areas. These responses in high-competition regions appear to be driven both by changes in user sorting on the demand side and by cream-skimming behavior among public providers on the supply side.