Suchergebnisse

I cambiamenti della toponimia. I nomi di luogo e la loro vitalitàLe città assumono un nome per diverse ragioni. Il nome antico si riferisce generalmente ad un avvenimento storico, o è coniato per caratteristiche naturali, per il nome di un esploratore, per un motivo culturale o leggendario, per il nome di un principe, per una parola in lingua locale, per il nome di un santo. In Antartide il nome della Terra della ReginaMaud si riferisce al nome della moglie del re Haakon VII di Norvegia.Il nome di luogo può rimanere inalterato per secoli, se ha una forza di identità o se il suo significato è dimenticato. I nomi cha hanno un significato politico, sia per un personaggio che per una battaglia, possono cambiare, se la situazione politica cambia radicalmente. Ma il nome antico può essere utilizzato dagli abitanti della città. Lo stesso si verificaper i nomi delle strade e della piazze della città. Ma questi nomi cambiano frequentemente.Les changements de noms de lieux: les noms des lieux et leur vitalitéLes noms des villes sont donnés pour de nombreuses raisons. L'ancien nom jusqu'ici généralement à partir d'un événement historique, ou il est inventé pour une des caractéristiques naturelles, le nom d'un explorateur, pour une question culturelle ou légendaire, le nom d'un fondateur, par le nom d'un prince, un mot dans la langue locale, le nom d'un saint.En Antarctique le Land de la Reine Maud est le nom de l'épouse du Roi Haakon VII de Norvège.Le nom de lieu peut être inchangé depuis des siècles, si elles ont une grande force d'identité ou si leur signification est oubliée. Les noms qui ont une signification politique, à la fois d'un personnage ou une bataille peuvent être modifiés, si la situation politique fortement changements.Mais l'ancien nom de lieu peut être utilisé par les habitants de la ville. La même chose se produit pour les noms des rues et places de la ville. Mais ces noms changent fréquemment.

Abstract
A "linear" reading of the African Red Sea coast leads to describing a succession of shores only interrupted by mangroves or reefs. A more comprehensive analysis taking into account geography, local history, and sociology differentiates the shores from the coastal plain beyond, the land-marks from the sea-marks. What is seen from the sea as bare land behind an arid coast the pastoralists consider seasonal grazing land. The place-names express this difference with more seamarks than permanent wells, and more attention paid to food resource for the cattle than to anchoring. The two lists do not coincide even if they coexist.

AbstractThis paper examines the victimization policy in Italian history through a multifaceted investigation of Italian toponymy: statistics, history, and communication. The investigation shows that the attitudes of victimhood and chauvinism in the public discourse concerning the Italian past became not only socially prevalent but also part of the official rhetoric of the Republic. These narratives resulted in moral shifts concerning the national past, and the foibe (mass killings in Northeast Italy at the end of World War II) became the most representative and celebrated event, as testified by the co‐occurrence of the concept of "martyrdom" with the foibe.

AbstractIn recent years the study of urban toponymy (place names) has been revitalized by the emergence of a 'critical toponymies' approach. This focuses on the cultural politics of place naming and the decisions involved in attributing names to the urban landscape. However, in contemporary cities place names have an economic role in addition to their political role. In particular, there have been recent calls for more attention to the commodification of place‐naming rights and practices. This article seeks to respond to these calls by addressing the issue of urban place names as commodities. It begins by examining the naming of sports stadia by corporate sponsors. It then considers a range of ways in which private‐sector interests are increasingly influencing the naming of the urban landscape, from buildings and neighbourhoods to individual streets. Even the material signage that identifies street names can be appropriated within branding and promotional strategies. Moreover, urban place names are increasingly incorporated into a range of commercially produced spatial datasets collated by private companies. The article ends by proposing a number of directions for future research into the economic role of urban place names and the commodification of toponymy more broadly.

The article considers the reasons for the difficulties of etymologization ancient ethnic and geographical names of the Volga-Oka interfluve. Shows the historical background and general foundations of a number of ethnonyms, ethnotonyms and toponyms (Saami, Merya, Murom, Chud, Lob river, Ruza river, Moskva River, Moscow, Mozhaisk, Kolomna, etc.). The author presents a set of identical names of the Volga-Oka interfluve and places of established settlement of the Saami. The facts and substantiations presented in the article lead to the conclusion about the existence on the territory of the Volga-Oka interfluve before the appearance of the Slavs of regional toponymy based on the Sami and, possibly, the near Finno-Ugric languages.

The article presents an analysis of the place-names with the formants -(v)īγ/-(w)yq/ and - vīǰ, attested in the South Caspian and the north-western provinces of Iran.

The analysis of toponyms, mentioned in two medieval documents, written in Latin letters, that are in the fact a transliteration of Old Ukrainian text, is presented in the article. The peculiarities of Old Ukrainian are preserved in names of places, oronyms, hydronyms and anthroponyms. The findings are that toponyms are quite stable against foreign influence. The reasons why different judicial documents are written in different languages (Latin, Polish, and Old Ukrainian) lie in the fact that at the beginning of the fourteenth century Western Ukrainian oikonymic system has started to form.

gabrielaraujo@um.edu.mo ABSTRACT. This study describes the toponymic profile of the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe (STP), a former Portuguese colony. Here, we consider (i) its linguistic contact situation, reflected in the toponyms of non-Portuguese etyma (mainly from national languages), and (ii) the structure of the toponymic syntagma in Portuguese. Toponyms are created according to a place's geographic, social, historical, and linguistic reality. Therefore, STP's toponyms are the locus of the Santomean linguistic ecology and memory. Due to its linguistic diversity, the study of Santomean toponymy is transdisciplinary. It contributes to understanding different languages that share São Tomé and Príncipe's ethnicity and linguistic heritage, including multilingual synchronic and/or diachronic conjunctures and the political importance of Portuguese. STP's toponymy expresses a multilingual conjuncture common to the country since the arrival of the Portuguese and (mainly) enslaved Africans from different regions of Africa. Although the Portuguese language and culture have influenced most local toponymy, the Santomean toponymic profile contains endemic linguistic and cultural specificities. Thus, natural phenomena, along with political and historical events, among others, play a role in forming toponyms and characterizing the local toponymy as unique. ; gabrielaraujo@um.edu.mo ABSTRACT. This study describes the toponymic profile of the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe (STP), a former Portuguese colony. Here, we consider (i) its linguistic contact situation, reflected in the toponyms of non-Portuguese etyma (mainly from national languages), and (ii) the structure of the toponymic syntagma in Portuguese. Toponyms are created according to a place's geographic, social, historical, and linguistic reality. Therefore, STP's toponyms are the locus of the Santomean linguistic ecology and memory. Due to its linguistic diversity, the study of Santomean toponymy is transdisciplinary. It contributes to understanding different languages that share São Tomé and Príncipe's ethnicity and linguistic heritage, including multilingual synchronic and/or diachronic conjunctures and the political importance of Portuguese. STP's toponymy expresses a multilingual conjuncture common to the country since the arrival of the Portuguese and (mainly) enslaved Africans from different regions of Africa. Although the Portuguese language and culture have influenced most local toponymy, the Santomean toponymic profile contains endemic linguistic and cultural specificities. Thus, natural phenomena, along with political and historical events, among others, play a role in forming toponyms and characterizing the local toponymy as unique.

French territories in the late eighteenth century, the archipelagos of Mascarene, Seychelles and Chagos experienced a different political destiny. All of these islands except Reunion became English-speaking. Yet today, we make an essential observation, paradoxical in appearance: these islands still have a mostly French-speaking toponymy. This ascertainment is at the origin of this research supported by a thematic and georeferenced database of about 6600 place names. Thanks to this tool, an analyse has been carried according to several criteria such as the languages, the semantic values, the natures and importance of designated elements and the spatial distribution. The question about appropriation and evolution of place names is also examined and analysed. This work constitutes a base, open and evolutive, for further works. ; Territoires français à la fin du XVIIIe siècle, les archipels des Mascareignes, Seychelles et Chagos ont connu un destin politique différent. L'ensemble de ce vaste espace insulaire, La Réunion exceptée, est devenu anglophone. On fait pourtant un constat essentiel, paradoxal en apparence : ces îles ont aujourd'hui encore une toponymie majoritairement francophone. Cette constatation est à l'origine de cette recherche, appuyée sur la constitution d'une base de données thématique et géo-référencée d'environ 6600 toponymes. À l'aide de cet outil, ce corpus toponymique est analysé suivant plusieurs critères, tels que les langues, les valeurs sémantiques, les natures et importances des éléments désignés et de la répartition spatiale. La question de l'appropriation et l'évolution des toponymes est également abordée et analysée. Ce travail constitue une base, évolutive et ouverte, pour des travaux complémentaires ultérieurs.