Suchergebnisse

The objective of this article is to offer a model to simulate land use changes in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico. The city faces serious challenges posed by accelerated demographic and urban growth. In its struggle to respond to urban land development pressures, governments, planning agencies and social civil organizations are overwhelmed by a multitude of concerns. The analysis of land use change revolves around two central and interrelated questions: What drives/ causes land use change? What are the environmental and socio-demographic impacts of land change? The land use changes are approached as a complex system in which the elements that define the system and how these relate to each are identified. The development of dynamic simulation models that allow for the generation of different scenarios can be an important tool for urban planning. The software used to simulate the land uses changes is Stella®. The results of the model simulated the demand for land among different land uses (commercial, industrial and residential) in the next 10 or 20 years.

The adoption of the Paris Agreement has committed the world to limiting anthropogenic climate change to 2°C above preindustrial levels, adapting to climate risks, and fostering climate resilience. Given the high proportion of global emissions released by cities and the concentration of people living in urban areas, this will require an unprecedented reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and transformation of the built environment on a yet unparalleled timescale. This poses substantial challenges for urban land-use and transport planning and for the use of land-use transport models (LUTM), which have historically been developed to test incremental changes rather than the rapid transformations implied by the Paris Agreement.
This paper sets out the need for a new generation of tools to support the planning of a transition toward a low-carbon and resilient future, arguing that land-use and transport modeling tools are crucial to support this process. Recent developments in urban integrated assessment that link models of land-use and transport with other environmental models of greenhouse gas emissions and climate hazards show promise as platforms to assess the potential of urban policies in achieving the goals set out in the Paris Agreement.

The paper concludes by defining challenges for the LUTM community if it is to achieve these goals. Crucial will be the adoption of new modeling approaches to better represent rapid social and technological change and to concurrently assess the resilience and sustainability implications of different land-use and transport policies. Simple models to explore multiple scenarios of change must be integrated with more sophisticated models for detailed design. Collaborative approaches will be necessary to allow multiple stakeholders to use these tools to explore urban futures and design radical urban transitions across multiple and interdependent urban sectors.

Land resource management includes three interrelated levels: national, district and commune. The purpose and basic objectives are: state land policy implementation, legislation and regulations in force, effective implementation of measures to protect soil cover, to maintain ecological balance and biological diversity in ecosystems of the Republic of Moldova. The soil cover quality on the most agricultural land is unfavorable, and on some land - critical. Continue to expand the area affected by erosion and landslides, dehumification processes, damage of structure and compaction, sodium enrichment, salinization and soil swampy, drought intensified. Land management in the Republic of Moldova should be a process of development and implementation system of organizational, economic and administrative levers. They would allow regulation and development the forecast of quality land status; develop recommendations on the rational use of land, combating soil degradation processes and long-term preservation of agricultural production capacity. Basic information for proper management of land resources must become computerized information system of the state of soil quality.

Although contemporary society seems to promote the values of individualism and mobility, this engrossing book is dedicated to the notion that human lives are enriched by participation in a social community that is integrated into the natural landscape of a particular place. The 34 contributors-who include David Ehrenfeld, Lynn R. Miller, Wendell Berry, Deborah Tall, David W. Orr, Robert Swann, and Susan Witt, as well as other philosophers, scientists, activists, economists, historians, farmers and ranchers, sociologists, theologians, and political scientists-offer an array of social and ecological perspectives on the nature of "community." The editors, William Vitek and Wes Jackson, contend that a deeper understanding of communities is critical for the health of the planet and the human spirit. They offer a compelling collection of new and classic writings-many in the form of personal narrative-that extend E. F. Schumacher's ideas about the importance of human scale and Aldo Leopold's concept of biotic citizenship. Proposing eloquent defenses of community life and practical suggestions for becoming connected to others and native to a place, the writers explore the loss of community, the philosophical foundations of communities, and the current renewal of community life

Natural calamities such as drought, famine, and climate change have collided to create a humanitarian crisis. For the Horn of Africa (HoA), famine is among the factors that have caused the worst historical damages to the individual countries. Man-made calamities such as decentralized agricultural, pastoral activities and forest clearing are also root causes for the damage. Institutional arrangements (IAs) on land tenure systems and agricultural land conversion (ALC) as a part of this problem will be analyzed in this paper. Poor IAs on land are considered the main cause of insecure land tenure which diminishes the productivity of agriculture in this region, and this, specifically in times of drought, exacerbates famine. Accordingly, the paper explores the idea that to what extent poor IAs on land tenure systems can explain the famine in the HoA. IAs on land comprise two main functions: land quality management and regulation and standard-setting for land utilization. The types of IAs for land often differ. The "optimal" arrangement depends on political, economic, social, climatic, geographical, and technical factors that together form a complex system of IAs.

Canada's subsistence societies exist at the margins of the dominant Euro-Canadian society, continually buffeted by the political, economic, cultural and social forces of the larger society. Their presence was perceived to impede the flow of settlers across the country in the nineteenth century and continues to be a source of irritation and frustration a century later. The purpose of this research is to study subsistence in arctic and subarctic areas of the Hudson Bay bioregion, Its objectives are to evaluate the validity of land use studies documenting subsistence land use practices; to characterize the economies and ethos of subsistence societies; and to assess the extent, persistence and future viability of these societies, Three case studies support the analysis.The first case study based on York Factory First Nation in North Central Manitoba, adopts a historical focus, The second is a spatial analysis of the contemporary land use of the Omushkego Cree in Northern Ontario. The third assesses the types of demands to be placed on the Inuit of Nunavut as they assume resource management responsibilities. The study found that: (l) different land use studies for the same area produce consistent results; (2) subsistence societies continue to harvest bush food, often over extensive ancestral hunting grounds; (3) the value-in-kind of bush food is significant relative to the overall economy of northern regions; (4) the ethos of subsistence societies in the Hudson Bay bioregion continue to be based on strong bonds of kinship and close relations with the land. The study concluded that (l) land use studies are replicable and are an appropriate methodology for establishing land use over time; (2) analyses of subsistence economies premised on the commoditisation of land and labor are inadequate; (3) there is no inherent incompatibility between the application of modern technological resource management strategies and subsistence ethos, provided the choice and application of technologies is not imposed; (4) a fundamental ...

There is a large amount of abandoned land in Lithuania. This land is used neither as economic nor as agro environmental resource. This affects the country's agricultural development, hinders land resource management, undermine the country's image. Given the urgency of the problem the Government of Lithuania include this question into the Government Programme 2008-2012. Therefore, the scientific approach of the problem of abandoned land becomes more important. The aims of the study - to examine the causes of abandoned land upraise and provide means for its management and use. Objectives of the study: 1. To examine the foreign experience of abandoned land identification and the possible ways of its utilization; 2. Define the concept of abandoned land and examine possible ways of its monitoring; 3. Determine the causes of abandoned land upraise; 4. Submit proposals for abandoned land management and utilization. Work was to use scientific information and literature, law and other documents, statistical data analysis, induction and deduction, regional typological methods. Lithuania abandoned land matters were dealt with few authors but foreign literature quite extensively analyzed the causes of abandoned land upraise, the possible utilization and its management problems. Following an investigation, the definition of the abandoned land is proposed, fixed the amount of abandoned land in Lithuanian regions and their dynamics. Institutional and legal conditions for the management of the abandoned land are luite satisfactory in Lithuania. In order to activate the land market the project of the utilization of the abandoned land is designed, generated the offer to review the land tax, the distribution of funds of the RDP2007-2012.

There is a large amount of abandoned land in Lithuania. This land is used neither as economic nor as agro environmental resource. This affects the country's agricultural development, hinders land resource management, undermine the country's image. Given the urgency of the problem the Government of Lithuania include this question into the Government Programme 2008-2012. Therefore, the scientific approach of the problem of abandoned land becomes more important. The aims of the study - to examine the causes of abandoned land upraise and provide means for its management and use. Objectives of the study: 1. To examine the foreign experience of abandoned land identification and the possible ways of its utilization; 2. Define the concept of abandoned land and examine possible ways of its monitoring; 3. Determine the causes of abandoned land upraise; 4. Submit proposals for abandoned land management and utilization. Work was to use scientific information and literature, law and other documents, statistical data analysis, induction and deduction, regional typological methods. Lithuania abandoned land matters were dealt with few authors but foreign literature quite extensively analyzed the causes of abandoned land upraise, the possible utilization and its management problems. Following an investigation, the definition of the abandoned land is proposed, fixed the amount of abandoned land in Lithuanian regions and their dynamics. Institutional and legal conditions for the management of the abandoned land are luite satisfactory in Lithuania. In order to activate the land market the project of the utilization of the abandoned land is designed, generated the offer to review the land tax, the distribution of funds of the RDP2007-2012.

There is a large amount of abandoned land in Lithuania. This land is used neither as economic nor as agro environmental resource. This affects the country's agricultural development, hinders land resource management, undermine the country's image. Given the urgency of the problem the Government of Lithuania include this question into the Government Programme 2008-2012. Therefore, the scientific approach of the problem of abandoned land becomes more important. The aims of the study - to examine the causes of abandoned land upraise and provide means for its management and use. Objectives of the study: 1. To examine the foreign experience of abandoned land identification and the possible ways of its utilization; 2. Define the concept of abandoned land and examine possible ways of its monitoring; 3. Determine the causes of abandoned land upraise; 4. Submit proposals for abandoned land management and utilization. Work was to use scientific information and literature, law and other documents, statistical data analysis, induction and deduction, regional typological methods. Lithuania abandoned land matters were dealt with few authors but foreign literature quite extensively analyzed the causes of abandoned land upraise, the possible utilization and its management problems. Following an investigation, the definition of the abandoned land is proposed, fixed the amount of abandoned land in Lithuanian regions and their dynamics. Institutional and legal conditions for the management of the abandoned land are luite satisfactory in Lithuania. In order to activate the land market the project of the utilization of the abandoned land is designed, generated the offer to review the land tax, the distribution of funds of the RDP2007-2012.

There is a large amount of abandoned land in Lithuania. This land is used neither as economic nor as agro environmental resource. This affects the country's agricultural development, hinders land resource management, undermine the country's image. Given the urgency of the problem the Government of Lithuania include this question into the Government Programme 2008-2012. Therefore, the scientific approach of the problem of abandoned land becomes more important. The aims of the study - to examine the causes of abandoned land upraise and provide means for its management and use. Objectives of the study: 1. To examine the foreign experience of abandoned land identification and the possible ways of its utilization; 2. Define the concept of abandoned land and examine possible ways of its monitoring; 3. Determine the causes of abandoned land upraise; 4. Submit proposals for abandoned land management and utilization. Work was to use scientific information and literature, law and other documents, statistical data analysis, induction and deduction, regional typological methods. Lithuania abandoned land matters were dealt with few authors but foreign literature quite extensively analyzed the causes of abandoned land upraise, the possible utilization and its management problems. Following an investigation, the definition of the abandoned land is proposed, fixed the amount of abandoned land in Lithuanian regions and their dynamics. Institutional and legal conditions for the management of the abandoned land are luite satisfactory in Lithuania. In order to activate the land market the project of the utilization of the abandoned land is designed, generated the offer to review the land tax, the distribution of funds of the RDP2007-2012.

A captivating exploration of presence and place told through the stories and insights of small farmers who, despite intense adversity, continue caring for their land Love for the Land investigates the power and potential of people-place relationships. Through clear and compelling prose, it elevates the virtues of imagination, affection, and fidelity-concepts promoted by farmer-writer Wendell Berry-and shows how they motivate small and mid-size farmers to continue caring for their land, even in the face of systemic challenges. Paying particular attention to farmland loss from suburban sprawl, rampant agricultural consolidation, and, for farmers of color, racial injustice, Brooks Lamb reckons with the harsh realities that smaller-scale farmers face. Relying on in-depth interviews and hands-on experiences in two changing rural communities, Lamb shares stories and sacrifices from dozens of farmers, local leaders, agricultural service providers, and land conservationists. His rural roots and farming background enable him to cultivate honest, trusting connections with the farmers he engages, yielding raw and powerful insights. Time and again, compelling evidence reveals that stewardship virtues encourage people to live and act as devoted caretakers. With a refreshing and accessible approach, Lamb argues that these resilient and often overlooked farmers show rural and urban people alike a way forward, one that serves people, places, and the planet. That path is rooted in love for the land

Since the advent of democracy in 1994, issues at the heart of the land question in South Africa are how to reverse this phenomenon and how a large-scale redistribution of land can contribute to the transformation of the economy and the reduction of poverty, both rural and urban. The extent to which indigenous people were dispossessed of their land by whites in South Africa under colonial rule and apartheid has no parallels on the African continent. This book debates these issues against the backdrop of a land reform programme that made limited headway in the first decade of South Africa's democracy. The book offers a robust assessment of that programme and raises critical questions for its future.

Defendant's farm, including 550 acres devoted to production of cotton under an acreage allotment from the Department of Agriculture, was condemned by the federal government for an irrigation project. Defendant retained the right under section 1378 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act to transfer its cotton quota to other property under its ownership, and did so. Trial before a jury resulted in an award to defendant based on the value of its property as a cotton farm, less the value of the section 1378 right retained. The government objected on the ground that the enhanced value to the land resulting from the cotton allotment was not compensable when the owner utilized his right to reestablish the allotment on other land. On appeal, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed. Held: Enhancement in land value resulting from a cotton allotment, reduced by the value of the section 1378 right retained, must be included in determining compensation for property condemned. United States v. Citrus Valley Farms, Inc., 350 F.2d 683 (9th Cir. 1965).