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The Polish case of Janowiec and Others v. Russia was initiated by a group of close relatives of victims of the 1940 Katyń Massacres. Only in 1990 did the Soviet Union recognize that it had perpetrated the massacres. The applicants in the Janowiec case alleged that the Russian investigation into the massacres, which commenced in 1990 as transparent proceedings but was terminated in 2004 in secrecy, cannot be considered effective under the Convention. Furthermore, inasmuch as the Russian military prosecutors and courts held that the Polish prisoners-of-war "had disappeared" in the spring of 1940 or—if "hypothetically" killed—there might have existed just cause for such an execution, the applicants complained that such statements denied established historical facts and were tantamount to the denigrating and inhuman treatment prohibited by the Convention. The Grand Chamber judgment was not in the applicants' favor. By a majority, the judges either declined to hear the case on its merits or held that there had been no violation of the Convention, turning—as the four minority judges wrote in their dissent—"the applicants' long history of justice delayed into a permanent case of justice denied." This article is a personal account of the principal lawyer acting on behalf of the applicants in the Janowiec case.

AbstractThis article describes the events leading to the introduction of the control unit in Wakefield Prison in 1974, and the way the unit operated. The control unit was recently the subject of litigation in the High Court, when a former inmate of the unit, Michael Sidney Williams, sued the Home Office for false imprisonment, claiming exemplary damages for oppressive and arbitrary governmental action and a declaration that the Home Office had no power to set up the unit. The article examines the decision and some of the possible implications for the future relationship between courts of law and prison administration.

The shadow economy offenses are a group of offenses with a wide variety of manifestations occurring in almost all areas of economic activity. The shadow economy, as a special form of economic crime, is increasingly disrupting the smooth functioning of the economy, but also causing significant material damage to society. The Republic of Serbia is making efforts to curb the shadow economy, which significantly reduces its budget revenue. In this paper, after conceptual determination of the shadow economy phenomena in the literature review, determining the causes and manifestations of crimes in the field of the shadow economy, we will analyze their volume, structure and dynamics, as well as their participation in the mass of total, i.e. economic crime in the Republic of Serbia from 2006 to in 2018. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the extreme importance of more appropriate involvement of competent authorities in order to combat this type of crime in modern economies by analyzing the causes and effects as well as the dynamics of this phenomenon.

The term "denial of justice" has been used widely to describe certain types of acts and omissions of States directed against foreigners deemed to be internationally illegal and justifying diplomatic interposition by the aggrieved State. There is no agreement, however, as to the precise scope of the term. In attempting to determine whether a single definite meaning can be assigned to the expression, emphasis must be placed upon its actual use in diplomatic practice and in the decisions of international tribunals, for the opinions of writers, no matter how authoritative, may not correspond with the practice of States. A few general considerations may be suggested by way of introduction.