Suchergebnisse

Abstract
Freedom to provide services and free movement of workers are linked to the processes of permanent intra-EU migration, which are regulated, inter alia, by the national legislation implementing PWD. Consequently, the posting of workers within EU is not only part of the work organization process, but also part of a wider phenomenon of internal migration of workers. Accordingly, posted workers are to be considered as internal labour migrants. The regulation of the posting of workers must consider the legitimate interest of Member States in protecting their markets from social dumping as well as ensure minimum guarantees for posted workers. These circumstances presuppose changes in the regulation of the posting of workers. This article identifies four stages in the transposition of PWD into Lithuanian national law that are causally related to changes in European legislation and Lithuanian labour law reform as of 2017. It presents the legal assessment of national legal regulation and case law, identifying the related legal problems. The article pays special attention to the legal regulation of the remuneration of a posted worker, established by PWD (Directive 96/71/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on 16 December 1996 concerning the posting of workers in the framework of the provision of services (Official Journal (EU), 2004, no. L 18) [Directive 96/71/EC], with the amendments introduced by Directive 2014/67/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council from 15 May 2014 on the enforcement of Directive 96/71/EC concerning the posting of workers in the framework of the provision of services and amending Revision 4 of the EU Posting of Workers Directive Regulation (EU) No 1024/2012 on administrative cooperation through the Internal Market Information System ('the IMI Regulation') (Official Journal (EU), 2014, no. L 159) [Directive 2014/67/EU] and Directive 2018/957/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on June 2018 amending Directive 96/71/EC concerning the posting of workers in the framework of the provision of services (Official Journal (EU), 2018, no. L 173) [Directive 2018/957/EU]). It also explains the impact on the regulation of employment relations for posted workers in Lithuania stemming from Directive 2019/1152 on transparent and predictable working conditions in the EU.

Freedom to provide services and free movement of workers are linked to the processes of permanent intra-EU migration, which are regulated, inter alia, by the national legislation implementing PWD. Consequently, the posting of workers within EU is not only part of the work organization process, but also part of a wider phenomenon of internal migration of workers. Accordingly, posted workers are to be considered as internal labour migrants. The regulation of the posting of workers must consider the legitimate interest of Member States in protecting their markets from social dumping as well as ensure minimum guarantees for posted workers. These circumstances presuppose changes in the regulation of the posting of workers. This article identifies four stages in the transposition of PWD into Lithuanian national law that are causally related to changes in European legislation and Lithuanian labour law reform as of 2017. It presents the legal assessment of national legal regulation and case law, identifying the related legal problems. The article pays special attention to the legal regulation of the remuneration of a posted worker, established by PWD (Directive 96/71/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on 16 December 1996 concerning the posting of workers in the framework of the provision of services (Official Journal (EU), 2004, no. L 18) [Directive 96/71/EC], with the amendments introduced by Directive 2014/67/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council from 15 May 2014 on the enforcement of Directive 96/71/EC concerning the posting of workers in the framework of the provision of services and amending Revision 4 of the EU Posting of Workers Directive Regulation (EU) No 1024/2012 on administrative cooperation through the Internal Market Information System ('the IMI Regulation') (Official Journal (EU), 2014, no. L 159) [Directive 2014/67/EU] and Directive 2018/957/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on June 2018 amending Directive 96/71/EC concerning the posting of workers in the framework of the provision of services (Official Journal (EU), 2018, no. L 173) [Directive 2018/957/EU]). It also explains the impact on the regulation of employment relations for posted workers in Lithuania stemming from Directive 2019/1152 on transparent and predictable working conditions in the EU.

"Like the rest of us, Jason Gay never anticipated where we've found ourselves. Challenged by the pandemic, frightened by political and societal divisiveness, awash in a digital world that dramatically changes how we think and interact, and all wondering what kind of calamity could possibly happen next. With a series of topical and interconnected personal pieces, Gay does his best to have some fun with all of it, looking for the optimism and joy in the face of the mountain of discouragement. From taking on his children's schooling to how texting has changed his relationship with his wife to allowing his mom to kidnap his family's cat to reckoning with the impending death of a close friend-Gay runs the gamut of our collective social lives, and he approaches it all with humility, grace, and more than a few laughs"--

Why is science so credible? Usual answers center on scientists' objective methods or their powerful instruments. In his new book, Thomas Gieryn argues that a better explanation for the cultural authority of science lies downstream, when scientific claims leave laboratories and enter courtrooms, boardrooms, and living rooms. On such occasions, we use "maps" to decide who to believe—cultural maps demarcating "science" from pseudoscience, ideology, faith, or nonsense. Gieryn looks at episodes of boundary-work: Was phrenology good science? How about cold fusion? Is social science really scientific? Is organic farming? After centuries of disputes like these, Gieryn finds no stable criteria that absolutely distinguish science from non-science. Science remains a pliable cultural space, flexibly reshaped to claim credibility for some beliefs while denying it to others. In a timely epilogue, Gieryn finds this same controversy at the heart of the raging "science wars."

Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1: Introduction -- The So-Called Prison -- References -- 2: History of Prison -- The First Spark of Juridical Reform in Iran -- Prisons in the Qajar Reign -- The Constitutional Revolution -- A Root-and-Branch Revamping of the Whole Judicial System -- Interregnum (1941-1953) -- Prison Life from 1971 to 1977 -- The 1979 Revolution and Its Impact on Prison Conditions -- References -- 3: Prison Subculture -- Unstable Pyramid -- Criminal History -- Controlling the Drug Network -- Wealth -- Spiritual Identity -- Social Capital -- Sexuality -- Loyalty -- Captives as a Society -- Battle Zone -- Hegemony of Drug-Related Networks -- Multidimensional Identity -- Recriminalization -- Rehabilitation -- Instrumental Relationships -- Friendship Illusion -- Double-Edged Sword -- Reconceptualization of Trust -- Two Sides of the Same Coin -- References -- 4: Incarcerated Women and Children -- Women's Pathway to Prison -- Incarcerated Mothers -- The Most Visible Victims -- Being Prisoned Outside of Prison -- References -- 5: Conclusion: Never Accomplished Modernization -- References -- Index.

"As the digital revolution continues apace, emergent technologies and means of communication present new challenges and opportunities for the football industry. This is the first book to bring together key contemporary debates at the intersection of football studies, leisure studies and digital cultural studies. It presents cutting edge theoretical and empirical work based around four key themes: theorising digital football cultures; digital football fandom; football and social media; and football (sub)cybercultures. Covering topics such as transnational digital fandom, online abuse and gender, Digital Football Cultures argues that we are witnessing the hyper-digitalization of the world's most popular sport. This book is a valuable resource for students and researchers working in leisure studies, sports studies, football studies and critical media studies, as well as geography, anthropology, criminology and sociology. It is also fascinating reading for anybody working in sport, media and culture"--

"Image Brokers is an in-depth ethnography that reveals the labor and infrastructure behind news images and how they are circulated. Zeynep Devrim Gürsel presents an intimate look at the ways image brokers--the people who manage the distribution or restriction of images--construct and culturally mediate the images they circulate. Through this framework, news images become commodities that impact how politics and culture are visualized in the world. Set against the backdrop of the War on Terror and based on fieldwork conducted at the photojournalism industry's centers of power in New York and Paris, Image Brokers explores the transition from analog to digital technologies and shows how new digital and social media platforms continue to change photojournalism and create ever-widening distribution networks. The book is a powerful investigation of the processes of decision-making amid the changing infrastructures of representation."--Provided by publisher

Extrapolated projections indicate an acceleration of modernised agricultural production. Recent ecological literature challenges current long term paradigms. Outlines the possibilities for a new technological paradigm and argues that there is little scope for peasant survival programmes--they promise only a perpetuation of poverty and cultural exclusion. (SJK)

Christian youth music festivals (CYMFs) have received surprisingly little attention in the literature. This exploratory study seeks to better understand the CYMF phenomenon, and in particular, the role of these festivals in promoting (or failing to promote) positive social values, such as tolerance, inter-group harmony, and peace. To this end, a field study was undertaken examining two popular CYMFs held annually in the United States: Lifest and Cornerstone. The paper presents an ethnographic portrait of each festival and then analyzes the ideological position promulgated by each. It concludes that Lifest and Cornerstone are very different, in terms of the constructions of Christian doctrine and Christian identity that each festival advances, and that these constructions of the meaning of Christianity and of what it means to be a Christian ultimately have political implications. ; Peer reviewed ; Article ; religious tourism ; cultural politics ; ideology ; festivals and events

Aspects of behaviour and social organization in the black swan are outlined and discussed. There
is a high degree of flexibility and individualism in social relationships during breeding, which is considered
to be of significance in the ecology of the species.

Poverty alleviation can be done through the social function of Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) such as the management and development of cash waqf. In this case, the government has issued several regulations to support the management and development of cash waqf. This study aims to analyze the social function of BMT Artha Amanah Bantul based on the management and development aspects of cash waqf in accordance with the Indonesian laws and regulations. This research is descriptive qualitative research with interview data collection methods conducted on the administrator of BMT and wakif. The results showed that the management and development of cash waqf in BMT Artha Amanah Bantul has included planning, organizing, leadership, and controlling, while the development of cash waqf covered management patterns, the welfare of nazir, and transparency and accountability. But some efforts to manage and develop the cash waqf undertaken by BMT Artha Amanah Bantul were still not in accordance with the applied laws and regulations. These incompatibilities have implications for the management and development of cash waqf. However, it can be concluded that the management and development of cash waqf in BMT Artha Amanah Bantul based upon the laws and regulations in Indonesia has reflected the social function of BMT.

Manipulation through different media platforms can immediately span practically every element of human life since it attracts, maintains and processes human attention very quickly. This unparalleled technical potential for propaganda and manipulation on social networks can be realized through different language means that may be utilized to influence others. In this paper, our main task will be to find out how manipulation in media is realized through the morpho-syntactic properties of language. ; Տարբեր մեդիա հարթակների միջոցով մտաշահարկումը կարող է տարածվել մարդկային կյանքի գրեթե բոլոր ոլորտներում, քանի որ այն շատ արագ գրավում է մարդկանց ուշադրությունը, կառավարում և ազդում նրանց մտածողության վրա: Սոցիալական ցանցերում պրոպագանդայի և մտաշահարկման այս անհամեմատելի տեխնիկական ներուժը կարող է իրացվել տարբեր լեզվական միջոցների կիրառմամբ, որոնք միտված են ազդեցություն գործելու մարդկանց վրա և ուղղորդելու նրանց գործողությունները: Այս հոդվածում մեր հիմնական խնդիրն է պարզել, թե ինչպես է զանգվածային լրատվության ոլորտում մտաշահարկում իրականացվում լեզվի ձևաբանական և շարահյուսական միջոցներով: ; Манипулирование с помощью различных медиаплатформ может мгновенно охватить практически все элементы человеческой жизни, поскольку оно очень быстро привлекает, удерживает и обрабатывает внимание человека. Этот беспрецедентный технический потенциал для пропаганды и манипуляции в социальных сетях может быть реализован с помощью различных языковых средств, которые могут быть использованы для воздействия на других людей. В данной работе нашей основной задачей является выяснение того, как манипуляция в СМИ реализуется через морфо-синтаксические свойства языка.