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Flyrock is the dirty little secret of the aggregate industry and its explosives engineers, and they have been remarkably successful in concealing the potentially deadly consequences of flyrock from the public, while continuing to engage in reckless blasting practices based on theoretical guesswork rather than proven practical land use planning safeguards such as permanent (fixed) onsite setbacks (excavation limits) coupled with permanent offsite separation distances from existing and potential future sensitive land uses. Flyrock is an unavoidable by-product of blasting rock, and has the potential to damage personal or real property, injure, permanently disable or kill humans and non-humans, both onsite and offsite. Flyrock, along with other adverse effects such as vibrations, that leaves the boundaries of an aggregate operation, constitutes nuisance and trespass, and damage or injury caused by detonation of explosives, should be held to strict liability. Implementing proactive and forward-looking land use policies that safeguard existing and envisioned sensitive land uses from the potentially deadly consequences of detonation of explosives in aggregate extraction is the most effective way to protect the long-term health, safety and welfare of existing and future generations, and to avoid interfering with the use and enjoyment of third-party real property.

To consider once again the symbolic correlation between the protagonists of the archetypical Baroque dramas –The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark and La vida es sueño– would not provide any substantial novelty to the mainly concerned studies: Literature, Theatre… But to analyze them from an International Relations Theory perspective could imply an alternative view; intertwined with the historical circumstances, emerge crucial political-philosophical notions: reason of State, balance of power, European State system, sovereign power's legitimacy, rejection of tyranny. Besides, it would be also possible the appraisal of some of the 'biopolitical' conditions involving the modern subject of liberty –reduced to a mere 'body' imprisoned within the 'reason of State'– confronted to the Absolutist oppression: the reflection about the government's functions helps to elucidate the political reason and the political passion (Foucault). Taken as 'emblems', 'Hamlet' and 'Sigismund' express significant ideas, concepts and political beliefs of their time, revealing essential aspects of the European History. ; Considerar una vez más la correlación simbólica entre los protagonistas de los arquetípicos dramas barrocos –The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark y La vida es sueño– no conferiría novedad sustancial alguna a los estudios generalmente concernidos: literatura, teatro, etc. Pero analizarlos desde una perspectiva teórica internacional podría suponer una visión alternativa; entrelazadas con las circunstancias históricas asoman nociones político-filosóficas cruciales: razón de Estado, equilibrio del poder, sistema de Estados europeo, legitimidad del poder soberano, repudio de la tiranía. Además, cabe valorar también algunas de las condiciones 'biopolíticas' del moderno sujeto de la libertad –reducido a mero 'cuerpo' aprisionado en la 'razón de Estado'– frente a la opresión absolutista: la reflexión sobre las funciones de gobierno sirve para esclarecer la razón política y la pasión política (Foucault). Tomados como 'emblemas', 'Hamlet' y 'Segismundo' expresan principales ideas, conceptos y creencias políticas de su tiempo, revelando aspectos esenciales de la historia europea.

Following the conclusion of the 'Fit for 55' package, European Union (EU) climate policy will enter its next phase. One of the most important decisions will be how to set the economy-wide emissions reduction target for 2040, which will form the starting point for the next round of revisions of all EU climate policy legislation. The European Climate Law stipulates that the European Commission shall propose a 2040 target that is based, among other things, on a "projected indicative Union greenhouse gas budget for the 2030-2050 period", informed by a report of the newly established European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change. While cumulating emissions resulting from different future trajectories can help to assess ambition levels, strictly deriving a 'science-based' EU emissions budget from the global carbon budget has several pitfalls. The debate on the design of EU climate policy after 2030 should not put too much focus on the 'appropriate' target for 2040 but on how to further develop the governance architecture, strengthen policy instruments, and bolster public support. (author's abstract)