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The author explores the contours of the conflictual relations between Botswana and South Africa on the one hand, and between Botswana and pre- and post-independent Zimbabwe, on the other hand, with reference to three issue areas. These issues are: first, political status and territorial integrity; second, refugee influx, management, and burden sharing; and finally, military security against armed attack. (DÜI-Hff)

In The Legality and Legitimacy of the Use of Force in Northeast Asia, Brendan Howe and Boris Kondoch offer a comprehensive evaluation of when it is right, from regional perspectives, to use force in international relations.

Assessing the world's progress against poverty calls for frequent and careful measurements, using household surveys and price data. Fortunately, the task of measuring poverty is becoming easier, and the results are probably getting more accurate over time. The best data for assessing progress against poverty come from surveys of the living standards of nationally representative samples of households. In the past 25 years there has been enormous progress in designing, implementing, and processing such surveys for developing countries, thanks in large part to the efforts of national statistics agencies throughout the world and the support of the donor community and international development agencies. These data provide key information about global and regional progress in alleviating poverty. ; Contents:; 1.The Changing Profile of Poverty in the World/Shaohua Chen and Martin Ravallion.; 2.Characteristics and Causes of Severe Poverty and Hunger/Akhter U. Ahmed, Ruth Vargas Hill, Lisa C. Smith, and Tim Frankenberger.; 3.The Poorest and Hungry: Looking Below the Line/Akhter U. Ahmed, Ruth Vargas Hill, and Doris M. Wiesmann.; 4.Mapping Where the Poor Live/Todd Benson, Michael Epprecht, and Nicholas Minot; 5.Child Malnutrition in India and China/Peter Svedberg.; 6.Poverty and the Globalization of the Food and Agriculture System/Joachim von Braun and Tewodaj Mengistu.; 7.Poverty Traps: Exploring the Complexity of Causation/Partha Dasgupta; 8.Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction: Do Poor Countries Need to Worry about Inequality?/Martin Ravallion.; 9.Determinants of Pro-Poor Growth/Stephan Klasen.; 10.Global Macroeconomic Development: The Implications for Poverty/Eugenio Díaz-Bonilla; 11. Fiscal Policy Instruments and the Political Economy of Designing Programs to Reach the Poorest/Ehtisham Ahmad; 12. The Macroeconomic Foundations of Inclusive Middle-Class Growth/Nancy Birdsall; 13.Economic Reform to Stimulate Growth and Reduce Poverty: The Latin American Experience/Alberto Valdés and William Foster.; 14. Poverty, Inequality, and Welfare in a Rapid-Growth Economy: The Chilean Experience/Dante Contreras; 15.International Migration: Can It Improve Living Standards among Poor and Vulnerable Populations?/Alan de Brauw.; 16.Growth-promoting Social Safety Nets/Harold Alderman and John Hoddinott.; 17.Conditional Cash Transfer Programs: A "Magic Bullet" for Reducing Poverty?/Michelle Adato and John Hoddinott.; 18. How Effective are Food-for-Education Programs?/Sarah Adelman, Daniel O. Gilligan, and Kim Lehrer; 19. Health Care for the World's Poorest: Is Voluntary (Private) Health Insurance an Option?/Jacques van der Gaag; 20. Designing Insurance For The Poor/Stefan Dercon; 21.Social Security: What Can Developing Countries Learn from Developed Countries?/Jean-Jacques Dethier.; 22. Building Capacity to Increase Agricultural Productivity and Incomes of Poor Small-scale Farmers/Kwadwo Asenso-Okyere.; 23.Property Rights for Poverty Reduction/Ruth Meinzen-Dick, Patricia Kameri-Mbote, and Helen Markelova.; 24.Developing and Connecting Markets for Poor Farmers/Nicholas Minot and Ruth Vargas Hill.; 25.Climate Change: Pro-Poor Adaptation, Risk Management, and Mitigation Strategies/Gary Yohe, Ian Burton, Saleemul Huq, and Mark W. Rosegrant.; 26.Strengthening Women's Assets and Status: Programs Improving Poor Women's Lives/John Ambler, Lauren Pandolfelli, Anna Kramer, and Ruth Meinzen-Dick; 27.Addressing Discrimination and Inequality Among Groups/Frances Stewart; 28.Including People with Disabilities in Actions to Reduce Poverty and Hunger/Charlotte McClain-Nhlapo; 29.Policies and Lessons for Reaching Indigenous Peoples in Development Programs/Lennart Bage; 30. Trade Liberalization and Children: Understanding and Coping with Children's Vulnerabilities/Javier Escobal; 31.Facing Up to Inequality and Exclusion to End Poverty and Hunger in Latin America/Marco Ferroni; 32. Economic Exclusion and Poverty in Asia: The Example of Castes in India/Sukhadeo Thorat; 33. Choosing Policy Instruments to Reduce Poverty and Hunger: Is It Possible to Overcome the Feasibility Dilemma?/Regina Birner; 34.Scaling Up: A Path to Effective Development/Arntraud Hartmann and Johannes F. Linn; 35. Improving Governance to Eradicate Hunger and Poverty/Regina Birner; 36.The Dynamics of Poverty: Why Don't "The Poor" Act Collectively?/Anirudh Krishna.; 37.Land Issues and Poverty Reduction: Requirements for Lasting Peace in Sudan and Afghanistan/Gunnar M. Sørbø and Arne Strand.; 38.Social Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Developing Capacity to Reduce Poverty and Hunger/Suresh Babu and Per Pinstrup-Andersen; 39.The Millennium Development Goals: How Realistic Are They?/Michiel Keyzer and Lia van Wesenbeeck.; 40.Investment Priorities for Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction/Shenggen Fan, Joanna Brzeska, and Ghada Shields; 41.How to Mobilize Public Resources to Support Poverty Reduction/Shenggen Fan, Anuja Saurkar, and Ghada Shields ; Non-PR ; IFPRI1; nobio; 2020 ; DSGD; EPTD; MTID; DGO; ISNAR

Brings together a diverse new group of analysts seeking to explore issues of international relations and contribute to the development of a self-consciously critical perspective within security studies.

Rußland hat nach 1991 zunächst beinahe intuitiv den Weg hin zu einer auf die Multipolarität der weltpolitischen Entwicklung gerichteten Außenpolitik eingeschlagen. Erst unter dem damaligen Außenminister Evgenij Primakov wurde diese politische Linie zur offiziellen außenpolitischen Doktrin Rußlands. Die asiatische Finanzkrise hat nach Ansicht des Autors gezeigt, daß gegenwärtig primär nichtmilitärische Faktoren die Balance des internationalen Systems entscheidend beeinflussen. Der Verfasser erörtert, inwieweit das internationale System heute eher multipolaren bzw. einen von den USA dominierten unipolaren Charakter trägt, und stellt Überlegungen zur Rolle der EU und der USA in diesem System an. Er betont, daß die gegenwärtig der Weltgesellschaft drohenden Gefahren die konstruktive Zusammenarbeit der führenden Staaten erzwingen, und weist in diesem Zusammenhang auf noch ungelöste Probleme im russisch-amerikanischen Verhältnis hin. (BIOst-Mrk)

Since 2015, security cooperation between European Union (EU) member states has progressed at an accelerated pace. For the Union's foreign, security, and defence policy, there is the prospect that increased cooperation and enhanced arms cooperation will create more international capacity to act. As far as internal security is con­cerned, the continuing threat of terrorism is spurring the establishment of a "Euro­pean Security Union" based on an intensive exchange of information between security authorities. In the shadow of these developments is the question of the extent to which European intelligence cooperation should also be promoted. In this particularly sensitive area, no steps towards integration that would attract public attention are to be expected. However, existing approaches to intelligence support for EU security policy should be deepened and better monitored. (author's abstract)