Suchergebnisse

The Acid Rain 2000 Conference in Tsukuba, Japan, held 10-16 December 2000, was the sixth such conference in the series, starting with Columbus, Ohio, USA, in 1975, and including Sandefjord, Norway, in 1980, Muskoka, Canada, in 1985, Glasgow, UK, in 1990, and Göteborg, Sweden, in 1995. This series of International Conferences on the acid rain problem has made a very important contribution to the process of summarising the state of current understanding and making this information available. In the 6th Conference, approximately 600 papers were presented, including talks and posters. About 300 peer-reviewed papers from the presentation appear in this volume, and will provide readers with a comprehensive review of the history and scientific aspects of the acid rain problem. The papers appear in three volumes: the first containing the plenary and keynote papers and the other two the remaining scientific papers. (Volume 1: ISBN 0-7923-7132-1; Volume 2: ISBN 0-7923-7133-X; Volume 3: ISBN 0-7923-7134-8). The Conference was arranged under the joint auspices of The Science Council of Japan, The Japanese Society of Limnology (representative academic society), Japan Association of Aerosol Science and Technology, The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry, Japan Society for Atmospheric Environment, Chemical Society of Japan, The Ecological Society of Japan, The Japanese Society of Environmental Education, Society of Environmental Science, Japan, The Japanese Forestry Society, Japanese Society of Snow and Ice, Japanese Society of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, and Japan Society on Water Environment, with the cooperation of Ibaraki Prefecture and Japan Environment Agency

On the basis of the title of this article, some will wonder whether there are other objectives of public procurement in addition to providing supplies for State institutions to fulfill their social mandate? The answer is yes. And to achieve those objectives, control is vital, as the resulting information can be used to improve future performance. The aim of this article is to focus on the importance and objectives of public procurement from the perspective of several international organizations and authors, highlighting the situation in the countries of the European Union and America. In addition to this, the article also aims to show the importance of control in this area, the implementation constraints, and the key role it plays in achieving a process that is in line with current demand. At present, a vast number of governments are still unclear as to what is being bought, how it is bought and who is buying, as well as how much is being spent; all these factors are largely conducive to the current dysfunctions in this area and therefore require control. ; Probablemente de acuerdo al enunciado de este artículo, algunos se preguntarán ¿acaso las compras gubernamentales tienen algún otro objetivo que no sea el de suministrar insumos al aparato estatal para que este último pueda cumplir su función social? La respuesta es sí, los tiene. Asimismo, y para que tales objetivos puedan ser alcanzados, necesitará imperiosamente que éstos sean medidos, disponiendo de su información para enmendar y mejorar sus resultados futuros. La razón de este artículo es ahondar en la relevancia y objetivos de las adquisiciones públicas desde varios organismos internacionales, destacando su situación general en los países de la Unión Europea y América. Además se expone la trascendencia del control en esta materia, sus barreras de aplicación, y su indispensable labor para lograr un proceso como el demandado actualmente. Al presente, se evidencia un gran número de administraciones que todavía no tienen claridad sobre qué, cómo y a quién ...

Examines effectiveness of seven different strategies used to manage conflict in nearly 700 interstate security disputes, 1945-84. Strategies: public appeals, communication, mediation, observation, intervention, humanitarian aid, and adjudication; parties include the UN and other international organizations, individual or coalitions of states, ad hoc commissions, and individuals or groups with international standing.

In the last few decades, Central American countries are making a significant effort in order to modernize their governments' legislation both on financial management and systems of financial information. In this sense, these countries aim to enhance the quality of public financial information in order to improve decision-making processes, decrease the level of corruption, and keep citizens informed. In this context, the purpose of this paper is twofold. Firstly, to assess the degree of similarity of the financial information that is being developed by Central American governments with regard to the recommendations set up by Ipsas, and secondly, to analyse the efforts and the strategies that those countries are carrying out in the process of implementing those standards. To determine the differences in the information containing the annual financial statements issued by national public authorities and the recommendations set up by Ipsas we conducted a deductive content analysis. In view of the results we can say that the quality of annual financial statements presented by the countries in Central America, in comparison to the recommendations by the Ipsas concerning Ifac information, is not enough. Hence, in order to operate significant changes, it is still necessary to create new strategies for the implementation of the Ipsas. ; En las últimas décadas, los países de Centroamérica están haciendo un significativo esfuerzo para modernizar tanto la legislación gubernamental sobre administración financiera como de sus sistemas de información financiera. En este sentido, estos países pretenden aumentar la calidad de la información financiera pública con el fin de mejorar los procesos de toma de decisiones, reducir el nivel de corrupción, y para mantener a los ciudadanos informados. En este contexto, el objetivo de este trabajo es doble. En primer lugar, para evaluar el grado de similitud de la información financiera que están elaborando por los gobiernos de Centroamérica con respecto a las recomendaciones establecidas por las Ipsas y, en segundo lugar, para analizar los esfuerzos y las estrategias que estos países están llevando a cabo en el proceso de aplicación de estas normas. Para determinar las diferencias informativas que contienen los estados financieros anuales de las administraciones públicas nacionales frente a las recomendaciones fijadas por las Ipsas, llevamos a cabo un análisis deductivo de contenido. A la vista de los resultados obtenidos podemos afirmar que la calidad de los estados financieros anuales presentados por los países de Centroamérica al compararla con la información recomendada por las Ipsas de la Ifac no es suficiente, por lo que es necesario operar todavía cambios importantes, para lo que sería conveniente plantear nuevas estrategias para implementar las Ipsas. ; Nas últimas décadas, os países da América Central estão fazendo esforços significativos para modernizar tanto a legislação do governo sobre a gestão financeira como os dos seus sistemas de informação financeira. Nesse sentido, esses países pretendem aumentar a qualidade da informação financeira pública, a fim de melhorar os processos de tomada de decisão, reduzir o nível de corrupção, e para manter os cidadãos informados. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é duplo. Em primeiro lugar, avaliar o grau de similaridade da informação financeira que está sendo desenvolvido pelos governos da América Central a respeito das recomendações estabelecidas pelas Ipsas e, em segundo lugar, analisar os esforços e estratégias que esses países estão procurando no processo de implementação desses padrões. Para determinar as diferenças informativas contendo as demonstrações financeiras anuais das autoridades públicas nacionais e as recomendações estabelecidas pela Ipsas, realizamos uma análise de conteúdo dedutivo. Em vista dos resultados, podemos dizer que a qualidade das demonstrações financeiras anuais apresentadas pelos países centro-americanos, em comparação com o recomendado pela Ipsas das informações Ifac, não é suficiente, por isso ainda é necessário, para operar mudanças importantes, levantar novas estratégias para implementar as Ipsas.

"112-49." ; Shipping list no.: 2012-0272-P ; Includes bibliographical references ; Mode of access: Internet.

Shipping list no.: 2002-0007-P (v. 1-3), 2002-0006-P (v. 4-5). ; Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.

This volume provides an overview of research on seemingly, current and former peripheral areas and on processes of peripheralisation in Europe. Particular emphasis is given to questions of local and regional governance, to multiple actors of peripheralisation and residential revitalisation as well as to economic and ecological transformations. --