Suchergebnisse

Heinr. Bernh. Oppenheim ; Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: München, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek -- J.publ.e. 296 t

Heinr. Bernh. Oppenheim ; Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: München, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek -- J.publ.e. 296 ta

Understanding how cultural diversity relates to international order is an urgent contemporary challenge. Building on ideas first advanced in Reus-Smit's On Cultural Diversity (2018), this book advances a new framework for understanding the nexus between culture and order in world politics. Through a pioneering interdisciplinary collaboration between leading historians, international lawyers, sociologists, and international relations scholars, it argues that cultural diversity in social life is ubiquitous rather than exceptional, and demonstrates that the organization of cultural diversity has been inextricably tied to the constitution and legitimation of political authority in diverse international orders, from Warring States China, through early-Modern Europe and the Ottoman and Qing Empires, to today's global liberal order. It highlights the successive 'diversity regimes' that have been constructed to govern cultural difference since the nineteenth century, traces the exclusions and resistances these projects have engendered, and considers contemporary global vulnerabilities and axes of contestation.

"The UN climate summit in Paris will bring about a new bottom-up type of agreement based on voluntary emissions reduction pledges by individual states. This marks the end of the top-down policy paradigm dominant for more than two decades. Scientific advisors should use the paradigm shift manifesting itself in UN negotiations as an opportunity to critically reassess their role in international climate policy. In the future, it will become even more difficult to present findings that are both politically viable and scientifically sound. In situations where these standards conflict, advisors and advisory bodies must resist both political pressures and incentives that undermine scientific integrity." (author's abstract)

"Investitionsschutz vs. Menschenrechte? – Aufbauend auf einer Analyse dieses Spannungsverhältnisses entwickelt die Arbeit konkrete Ansätze zur Harmonisierung dieser beiden Rechtsgebiete. Dabei wird untersucht, wie sich menschenrechtliche Standards sowohl verstärkend als auch abschwächend auf die Investitionssicherung auswirken können. So wird etwa der gewohnheitsrechtliche Investorenschutz gestärkt, wenn auch gegenüber dem Investor als zwingend anerkannte Menschenrechte einzuhalten sind. Ferner kann sich ein Investor vor internationalen Menschenrechtsgerichten wie dem EGMR auf sein Eigentum als Menschenrecht berufen. Hingegen muss der Schutz des Investors dort abgeschwächt werden, wo er mit den Menschenrechten Dritter kollidiert. Hier entwickelt die Arbeit sowohl auf Auslegung als auch auf Vertragsgestaltung gestützte Ansätze, um das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Investitions- und Menschenrechtsschutz aufzulösen."

The cracks in the international order that politics and scientific policy advice have been confronted with for several years have widened further as a result of the corona pandemic and its consequences. The outcome of the 2016 Brexit referendum and US President Donald Trump's erratic administration between 2017 and 2021 have already called into question long-held foreign policy assumptions concerning ever-advancing globalisation and rule-based multilateralism. Unsettled by these developments, which go hand in hand with growing populism and the spread of "fake truths", foreign policy think tanks have begun to discuss what effects these will have on scientific policy advice. Relevant contributions to the debate in recent years are presented below, re­volving around key questions such as these: Given the increasingly polarised political environment, what are the challenges scientific policy advice is now facing and how should think tanks position themselves vis-à-vis the public and politics? And how can they maintain their independence and scientific integrity in these uncertain times? (author's abstract)

This book analyzes the shifting global economic architecture, indicating the decentralizing authority in global economic governance since the Cold War and, especially, following the 2008-09 global financial crisis. The author examines recent adjustments to the organizational framework, contestation of policy principles, norms, and practices, and destabilizing actor hierarchies, particularly in global macroeconomic, trade, and development governance. The study's 'analytical eclecticism' includes a core constructivist IR approach, but also incorporates insights from several international relations theories as well as political and economic theory. The book develops a unique 'analytical matrix', which analyzes effects of strategic, political, and cognitive authority in the organizational, policy, and actor contexts of the global economic architecture. It concludes that, despite concerns about potential fragmentation, decentralizing authority has increased the integration of leading developing states and new actors in contemporary global economic governance. Jonathan Luckhurst is Associate Professor of International Relations at the Center for North American Studies of the Pacific Studies Department, University of Guadalajara, Mexico.