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State actions impact the lives of citizens in general and government benefit recipients in particular. However, little is known about whether experiences of psychological costs among benefit recipients can be relieved by reducing compliance demands in interactions with the state. Across three studies, we provide evidence that reducing demands causes relief. In a survey experiment, we show that psychological costs experienced by Danish unemployment insurance recipients change in response to information about actual reduced compliance demands. In two field studies, we exploit survey data collected around a sudden, exogenous shock (the COVID-19 lockdown of the Danish society in March 2020), which led to immediate reductions in compliance demands in Denmark's active labor market policies. We test whether two groups of benefit recipients experienced reduced psychological costs in response to these sudden reductions in compliance demands imposed by the state. Across all studies, we find that the reduction of compliance demands is associated with an increased sense of autonomy, and in two of the three studies, it is associated with reduced stress. Overall, our findings suggest that psychological costs experienced by benefit recipients are indeed affected by state actions in the form of compliance demands.

Background: Globally, Yoga is known as the wealth of India, the most oldest and powerful interventional method to develop healthy physical, mental/psychological, and spiritual up liftmen.
Aim: The present study's aim is to see the role of yogic practices in enhancing psychological well-being among adolescent girl students.
Methodology: A total of 60 unmarried adolescent girls were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, between the age group 13-15 years and randomly divided into 02 groups (30-30 in experimental and control group). A Checklist for Psychological well-being prepared by the researcher at RINPAS has been used to assess adolescents' psychological well-being. All participants were assessed at the beginning (pre) and after 03 months (post). The experimental group received a structured yogic intervention program (techniques included Surya-Namaskara, Pranayama, and Yoga-Nidra; 24 sessions).
Result: Result has found significant changes on experimental group participants on various domains of psychological well-being at 0.01 and 0.05 levels as compared to control group participants.
Conclusion: The result found that yogic practice is quite effective to enhance psychological well-being among adolescent girl students. As an intervention yoga and its techniques have the potential to develop positive healthy mental health, self-awareness as well as mental relaxation.

AbstractIndividuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) are more likely to be socially isolated and at risk of poor psychological well‐being. The added pressure of becoming a parent may magnify these risks, which are highlighted in Sterling's "determinants of parenting" model. The authors reviewed psychological well‐being and social support among parents with ID, addressing three aims that explore the importance of these two factors in their lives. The findings are discussed within the context of Sterling's model. A systematic search of electronic databases was carried out. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed, and the integrity and outcomes of the studies are discussed. Parents with ID experience poorer psychological well‐being than the general parenting population and a relationship was found between psychological well‐being and social support. Two of the intervention studies found evidence that by improving social support, psychological well‐being was improved. The authors also observed that the relationship between social support and parenting ability was supported by findings of a positive relationship between satisfaction with social support and positive maternal reactions. Sterling's model was supported by the majority of the studies; however, a number of recommendations for further research are suggested to more fully explore the relationship between psychological well‐being and social support.

Introduction. The article examines modern psychological television series as one of the ways to satisfy the thirst for consumption and the desire to find meaning. The author considers the consumer society and the thirst for consumption as its integral characteristic and habit of a person in modern society. To analyze this phenomenon, the author turns to the works of philosophers, finding confirmation of their concepts in modern reality. The emphasis is on the fact that the objects of consumption are "objects" belonging to both material and spiritual culture, with the peculiarity that in the consumer choice itself there is no reflection as its basis. The subject of the research is the phenomenon of modern psychological TV-series.Methodology and sources. To analyze the phenomenon of psychological television series in the context of modern mass and popular culture, the author uses the method of phenomenological analysis, the method of historical parallels, the value method, the dialectical method. The article uses an interdisciplinary and comparative approach. The author relies on the work of representatives of these philosophical trends – Karl Marx, Erich Fromm, Alvin Toffler, Jean Baudrillard, Victor Frankl and others.Results and discussion. We can name many reasons why people can watch TV-series, for example, taking a break from routine, a desire to relax, this is a certain way of spending leisure time. Our goal was to analyze TV-series as a phenomenon of a consumer society, and the situation when watching the series is a goal in itself and a kind of escapism, a way to escape from reality and filling your time. The task was to identify the natural and social reasons for the popularity of modern psychological series.Conclusion. As a result of the analysis, the author concluded that modern high-quality television series perform a triune task. On the one hand, they captivate the plot and allow you to relax and relieve stress, avoiding strong concentration. On the other hand, they involve a claim to be intelligent. And the third point – they distract from routine and everyday life while eliminating the need for a daily choice of a way of spending leisure time. TV-series are a product of the consumer society, and therefore the prerequisite for reflection contained in them is far from always being realized. As a result, the series itself becomes for a person just another way to spend their own time and fill the inner emptiness.

Introduction: Heritage as a Focus of Research -- Past, Present and New Directions -- Emma Waterton and Steve Watson PART I: HERITAGE MEANINGS 1. Heritage Methods and Methodologies -- Emma Waterton and Steve Watson 2. Heritage and Discourse -- Zongjie Wu and Song Hou 3. Heritage as Performance -- Michael Haldrup and Jorgen Ole Baerenholdt 4. Heritage and Authenticity -- Helaine Silverman PART II: HERITAGE IN CONTEXT 5. From Heritage to Archaeology and Back Again -- Shatha Abu Khafajah and Arwa Badren 6. Heritage and History -- Jessica Moody 7. Thinking About Others through Museums and Heritage -- Andrea Witcomb 8. Heritage and Tourism -- Duncan Light 9. Heritage and Geography -- Nuala C. Johnson PART III: HERITAGE AND CULTURAL EXPERIENCE 10. Affect, Heritage, Feeling -- David Crouch 11. Heritage and Memory -- Joy Sather-Wagstaff 12. Heritage and the Visual Arts -- Russell Staiff 13. Industrial Heritage and Tourism: A Review of the Literature -- Alfonso Vargas Sanchez 14. Curating Sound for Future Communities -- Noel Lobley 15. Heritage and Sport -- Gregory Ramshaw and Sean Gammon PART IV: CONTESTED HERITAGE AND EMERGING ISSUES 16. Heritage in Multicultural Times -- Cristobal Gnecco 17. Cultural Heritage and Armed Conflict: New Questions for an Old Relationship -- Dacia Viejo Rose and Marie Louise Stig Sorensen 18. Heritage and Globalisation -- Rodney Harrison 19. Critical Approaches to Post-Colonial (Post-Conflict) Heritage -- John Giblin PART V: HERITAGE, IDENTITY AND AFFILIATION 20. Heritage and Nationalism: An Unbreachable Couple? -- Tim Winter 21. Heritage and Participation -- Cath Neal 22. Heritage and Social Class -- Bella Dicks 23. Of Routes and Roots: Paths for Understanding Diasporic Heritage -- Ann Reed 24. Making Feminist Heritage Work: Gender and Heritage -- Anna Reading PART VI: HERITAGE AND SOCIAL PRACTICE 25. 'Thinkers and Feelers' a Psychological Perspective on Heritage and Society -- John Schofield 26. Heritage and Policy -- John Pendlebury 27. Heritage, Power and Ideology -- Katharina Schramm 28. Heritage and Economic Development -- Steve Watson and Maria del Rosario Gonzalez-Rodriguez 29. Heritage in Consumer Marketing -- Georgios C. Papageorgiou 30. Heritage and Sustainable Development: Transdisciplinary Imaginings of a Wicked Philosophy -- Robyn Bushell PART VII: CONCLUSIONS 31. Contemporary Heritage and the Future -- Cornelius Holtorf and Anders Hogberg 32. Themes, Thoughts, Reflections -- Steve Watson and Emma Waterton

BACKGROUND: Throughout China, during the recent epidemic in Hubei province, frontline medical staff have been responsible for tracing contacts of patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to investigate the psychological impact and coping strategies of frontline medical staff in Hunan province, adjacent to Hubei province, during the COVID-19 outbreak between January and March 2020. MATERIAL/METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study included doctors, nurses, and other hospital staff throughout Hunan province between January and March 2020. The study questionnaire included five sections and 67 questions (scores, 0–3). The chi-squared χ(2) test was used to compare the responses between professional groups, age-groups, and gender. RESULTS: Study questionnaires were completed by 534 frontline medical staff. The responses showed that they believed they had a social and professional obligation to continue working long hours. Medical staff were anxious regarding their safety and the safety of their families and reported psychological effects from reports of mortality from COVID-19 infection. The availability of strict infection control guidelines, specialized equipment, recognition of their efforts by hospital management and the government, and reduction in reported cases of COVID-19 provided psychological benefit. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 outbreak in Hubei resulted in increased stress for medical staff in adjacent Hunan province. Continued acknowledgment of the medical staff by hospital management and the government, provision of infection control guidelines, specialized equipment and facilities for the management of COVID-19 infection should be recognized as factors that may encourage medical staff to work during future epidemics.

BackgroundThe pursuit of a cure for HIV is a high priority for researchers, funding agencies, governments and people living with HIV (PLWH). To date, over 250 biomedical studies worldwide are or have been related to discovering a safe, effective, and scalable HIV cure, most of which are early translational research and experimental medicine. As HIV cure research increases, it is critical to identify and address the ethical challenges posed by this research.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review of the growing HIV cure research ethics literature, focusing on articles published in English peer-reviewed journals from 2013 to 2021. We extracted and summarized key developments in the ethics of HIV cure research. Twelve community advocates actively engaged in HIV cure research provided input on this summary and suggested areas warranting further ethical inquiry and foresight via email exchange and video conferencing.DiscussionDespite substantial scholarship related to the ethics of HIV cure research, additional attention should focus on emerging issues in six categories of ethical issues: (1) social value (ongoing and emerging biomedical research and scalability considerations); (2) scientific validity (study design issues, such as the use of analytical treatment interruptions and placebos); (3) fair selection of participants (equity and justice considerations); (4) favorable benefit/risk balance (early phase research, benefit-risk balance, risk perception, psychological risks, and pediatric research); (5) informed consent (attention to language, decision-making, informed consent processes and scientific uncertainty); and (6) respect for enrolled participants and community (perspectives of people living with HIV and affected communities and representation).ConclusionHIV cure research ethics has an unfinished agenda. Scientific research and bioethics should work in tandem to advance ethical HIV cure research. Because the science of HIV cure research will continue to rapidly advance, ethical considerations of the major themes we identified will need to be revisited and refined over time.

BackgroundThe pursuit of a cure for HIV is a high priority for researchers, funding agencies, governments and people living with HIV (PLWH). To date, over 250 biomedical studies worldwide are or have been related to discovering a safe, effective, and scalable HIV cure, most of which are early translational research and experimental medicine. As HIV cure research increases, it is critical to identify and address the ethical challenges posed by this research.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review of the growing HIV cure research ethics literature, focusing on articles published in English peer-reviewed journals from 2013 to 2021. We extracted and summarized key developments in the ethics of HIV cure research. Twelve community advocates actively engaged in HIV cure research provided input on this summary and suggested areas warranting further ethical inquiry and foresight via email exchange and video conferencing.DiscussionDespite substantial scholarship related to the ethics of HIV cure research, additional attention should focus on emerging issues in six categories of ethical issues: (1) social value (ongoing and emerging biomedical research and scalability considerations); (2) scientific validity (study design issues, such as the use of analytical treatment interruptions and placebos); (3) fair selection of participants (equity and justice considerations); (4) favorable benefit/risk balance (early phase research, benefit-risk balance, risk perception, psychological risks, and pediatric research); (5) informed consent (attention to language, decision-making, informed consent processes and scientific uncertainty); and (6) respect for enrolled participants and community (perspectives of people living with HIV and affected communities and representation).ConclusionHIV cure research ethics has an unfinished agenda. Scientific research and bioethics should work in tandem to advance ethical HIV cure research. Because the science of HIV cure research will continue to rapidly advance, ethical considerations of the major ...

A core aspect of Sustainable Human Resource Management (S-HRM) has been its focus on developing high-quality employment relationships. This endeavor, however, has become increasingly complex, because the employee-employer relationship has undergone a profound transformation in recent years. This problem is further exacerbated by inherent tensions that surface when organizations aim to develop high-quality employment relationships in concert with sustainability-related goals. In this article, we intend to align theory and practice toward a more sustainable HRM by explaining how the psychological contract (PC) literature can provide new insights and perspectives to understand these tensions. We begin by delving into the nature and drivers of these sustainability-related tensions that arise when organizations strive to develop high-quality employment relationships. Next, we recount previous PC research that can inform the S-HRM literature to better understand how those tensions unfold. Finally, we identify concrete avenues for future research and discuss why integrating the PC and S-HRM literature could be an important path to expand our understanding of how to create more sustainable employment relationships.

This article presents a community-based participatory action research process in a mixed-methods study to uncover a holistic perspective on what constitutes "good health and well-being" as one of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. This bottom-up approach to defining health from the community perspective challenges the general government and health industry assumptions and practices to promote top-down health equity. Applying the definition of social development as "achieving a civil society based on freedom and justice", the emerging findings adds to the social determinants of health framework in health disparities research. As multiple stakeholders added to the definitions of health and well-being, a process-based understanding of health emerged. Health psychological self-sufficiency (Health-PSS) is a process of recogniting various individual and structural barriers and reaching for improved health-related goals with hope actions leading to health empowerment in literacy, access, and outcomes. Human-social development implications for promoting health equity by building an inclusive health system with a culture of co-sufficiency that align individual and organizational processes are discussed.

Background Public health recommendations and government measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have enforced restrictions on daily-living. While these measures are imperative to abate the spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing is undefined. Therefore, an international online survey (ECLB-COVID19) was launched on April 6, 2020 in seven languages to elucidate the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing. Methods The ECLB-COVID19 electronic survey was designed by a steering group of multidisciplinary scientists, following a structured review of the literature. The survey was uploaded and shared on the Google online-survey-platform and was promoted by thirty-five research organizations from Europe, North-Africa, Western-Asia and the Americas. All participants were asked for their mental wellbeing (SWEMWS) and depressive symptoms (SMFQ) with regard to "during" and "before" home confinement. Results Analysis was conducted on the first 1047 replies (54% women) from Asia (36%), Africa (40%), Europe (21%) and other (3%). The COVID-19 home confinement had a negative effect on both mental-wellbeing and on mood and feelings. Specifically, a significant decrease (p < .001 and Δ% = 9.4%) in total score of the SWEMWS questionnaire was noted. More individuals (+12.89%) reported a low mental wellbeing "during" compared to "before" home confinement. Furthermore, results from the mood and feelings questionnaire showed a significant increase by 44.9% (p < .001) in SMFQ total score with more people (+10%) showing depressive symptoms "during" compared to "before" home confinement. Conclusion The ECLB-COVID19 survey revealed an increased psychosocial strain triggered by the home confinement. To mitigate this high risk of mental disorders and to foster an Active and Healthy Confinement Lifestyle (AHCL), a crisis-oriented interdisciplinary intervention is urgently needed. ; OVGU-Publikationsfonds 2021

Preliminary Materials /R.L. Piedmont -- Religion, Psychological Well-Being, And Personality: A Study Among Undergraduate Students In Canada /Leslie J. Francis , Peter R. Hills , Eduard Schludermann and Shirin Schludermann -- A Five-Factor Analysis Of Spirituality In Young Adults: Preliminary Evidence /Robert J. Cramer , Michael P. Griffi N and David V. Powers -- Contemporary Christian Serpent Handlers And The New Paradigm For The Psychology Of Religion /Ralph W. Hood Jr. and W. Paul Williamson -- Mechanisms In The Relation Between Religion And Health With Emphasis On Cardiovascular Reactivity To Stress /Kevin S. Masters -- "So Firm A Foundation": What The Comparative Study Of Religion Offers Positive Psychology /Lauren E. Maltby and Peter C. Hill -- Examining The "Spill-Over" Effect Of Religiosity On Civic Involvement And Efficacy /H. Lovell Smith and Mark Peyrot -- A Psychometric Evaluation Of The Assessment Of Spirituality And Religious Sentiments (Aspires) Scale: Short Form /Ralph L. Piedmont , M. Christine Kennedy , Martin F. Sherman , Nancy C. Sherman and Joseph E. G. Williams -- Women's Body Image, Disordered Eating, And Religion: A Critical Review Of The Literature /Chris J. Boyatzis and Katherine B. Quinlan -- Introduction To The Special Section Of Research In The Social Scientific Study Of Religion /R.L. Piedmont -- Health Problems Of Children And The Moral Resolve Of Adults /Philip Alcabes -- Substance Use Versus Anxiety In Adolescents: Are Some Disorders More Spiritual Than Others? /Alethea Desrosiers and Lisa Miller -- A Developmental-Ecological Perspective On The Role Of Spirituality In The Development Of Meaningfulness In Adolescent Boys /Gess Leblanc -- Authors' Biographies /R.L. Piedmont -- Manuscript Reviewers /R.L. Piedmont -- Subject Index /R.L. Piedmont -- Author Index /R.L. Piedmont.

This article assesses Alexander L. George's seminal contributions in six areas of political psychology and qualitative case study methods. These include George's work on psychological inputs in political processes, the intersection of history and political science, methods of within‐case analysis such as process tracing, the use of structured, focused case comparisons (SFCC), the development of typological theories, and the connections among theory, empirical research, teaching, and policy. The article concludes with an analysis of four ongoing dimensions of George's research agenda: the need to integrate theories on purposive, cognitive, social, and motivational dynamics of decision making; the importance of methodological safeguards against our own cognitive biases as researchers; ways of integrating qualitative, quantitative, formal, and experimental research methods; and ways of modeling and testing theories on causal complexity.