Suchergebnisse

The threat of misuse of personal data in Indonesia is increasing, in particular since the government introduced the electronic identity card (e-KTP) program and plans for the police to use it to build the Indonesian Automatic Fingerprint Identification System (INAFIS). However, the plan was eventually canceled by the police because seen overlapping with the e-KTP program. Then the government records personal data, and the private sector such as banks and telecommunications service providers also records the data. The purpose of this paper is to analyze electronic data protection which has become a Cyber Cream in the current era of globalization as well as What is the review of the criminal policy formulation in the electronic data protection effort. With method writing normative juridical. In conclusion, writing This is b a form of legal protection that should be given to victims of criminal acts that have not yet been regulated by Law No. 11 of 2008 related to Information and Electronic Transactions in Indonesia. One of the most common crime threats today is the theft of personal information, in which other people's important data is stolen. As well as the approach to preventing and handling crime by using penal means is a "penal policy" or "penal law enforcement policy" which is carried out through several stages, namely: formulation of legislative policies, application of judicial policies, and execution of executive or administrative policies.

In this article the author investigates and analyzes the international legal experience in protecting of the rights, freedoms and the legitimate interests of participants in the criminal proceedings. The question of international legal protection of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of participants in criminal proceedings is one of the most acute in the problem under investigation. Since there are legislative gaps, insufficient guarantees of human rights and freedoms, a citizen who not only complicates the work of law enforcement agencies and courts, but also negatively influences over the image of the state in the international arena. Key words: international experience, international practice in protection of human rights, criminal proceedings, legitimate interests of participants, international standards, international legal act.Ребезюк В. М. Міжнародно-правовий досвід забезпечення прав, свобод і законних інтересів учасників кримінального провадження / Національна академія внутрішніх справ ,Україна, Київ В даній статті автор досліджує та аналізує міжнародно-правовий досвід щодо охорони прав і свобод та законних інтересів учасників кримінального провадження. Питання міжнародно-правового забезпечення захисту прав, свобод та законних інтересів учасників кримінального провадження є однією з найгостріших у досліджуваній проблематиці. Оскільки існують законодавчі прогалини, недостатнє забезпечення гарантій прав та свобод людини, громадянина яке не тільки ускладнює роботу правоохоронних органів та судів, але і негативно впливає на імідж держави на міжнародній арені. Ключові слова: міжнародний досвід, міжнародна практика з захисту прав людини, кримінальне провадження, законні інтереси учасників, міжнародні стандарти, міжнародно-правовий акт. Ребезюк В. М. Международно-правовой опыт обеспечения прав, свобод и законных интересов участников уголовного производства/ Национальная академия внутренних дел, Украина, Киев В данной статье автор исследует и анализирует международно-правовой опыт по охране прав и свобод и законных интересов участников уголовного производства. Вопрос международно-правового обеспечения защиты прав, свобод и законных интересов участников уголовного судопроизводства является одной из самых острых в исследуемой проблематике. Поскольку существуют законодательные пробелы, недостаточное обеспечение гарантий прав и свобод человека, гражданина которое не только усложняет работу правоохранительных органов и судов, но и негативно влияет на имидж государства на международной арене. Ключевые слова: международный опыт, международная практика по защите прав человека, уголовное производство, законные интересы участников, международные стандарты, международно-правовой акт.

The study examines voluntary repatriation in the context of Liberian refugees living in Ghana. The aim of the study is to throw more light on why some Liberian refugees living in Ghana are unwilling to participate in the voluntary repatriation exercise to Liberia. The study hopes to provide better understanding of why the top – down approach to voluntary repatriation that is employed by UNHCR does not work for some refugees. Also what motivates refugees into making a stance not to participating in the voluntary repatriation exercise. In order to achieve this end, the study interviews 15 refugees living in the Buduburam refugee camp. Concepts and theories such as agency, identity and critical consciousness, social network theory and resource mobilization are used to give a framework to voluntary repatriation. The field returns of the study indicate that refugees are not passive. They apply their agency, critical consciousness and their identity to make decisions that will be in their best interest. The returns indicate that majority of those not returning think Liberia is not peaceful enough for them. Also there are worries about economic hardships, inadequate security. There are parents who want to fulfill their role as parents by providing good education for their children and they think they are better off doing so in Ghana than in Liberia. Although most respondent agreed living in Ghana is not easy for reasons of being discriminated against, lack of assistance from UNHCR, being seen as threat. I The study calls the present UNHCR organized voluntary repatriation program into question. Refugees seems not to be buying into the top – down approach used by UNHCR in drawing repatriation program with little input from refugees. Whereas, UNHCR sees the existence of peace in the country of origin as proviso for repatriation. Refugees sees existence of peace as not enough attraction, but rather yearns for a return where they would not be a burden on others, since they have amassed enough resources for their return.

Bill introduced by the Texas Senate relating to the composition and duties of and investigations conducted by the Texas Forensic Science Commission, the administrative attachment of the Texas Forensic Science Commission to Sam Houston State University, the accreditation of criminal laboratories by the Department of Public Safety of the State of Texas, and the status of certain local government corporations as criminal justice agencies for the purpose of engaging in criminal identification activities, including forensic analysis.

Maģistra darba izstrādāšanas mērķis ir analizēt krimināltiesību politikas reformas rezultātā radīto papildsodu – probācijas uzraudzība, kas ir reglamentēts Krimināllikuma 45.1 pantā. Lai sasniegtu izvirzīto mērķi, pirmkārt, darbā tiek apskatīti jautājumi, kas attiecas uz soda jēdziena izpratni un tā mērķi, izmantojot gan Latvijas, gan arī ārvalstu atziņas. Analizējot ar probācijas uzraudzības saistītos jautājumus, autore izmanto tiesu un Valsts probācijas dienesta praksi, kas tika veidota saistībā ar policijas kontroli, kā arī nosacīti pirms termiņa atbrīvoto personu uzraudzību un nosacīti notiesāto personu uzraudzību, kas ietilpst Valsts probācijas dienesta funkcijās, jo nonāk pie secinājuma, ka apskatot jaunu krimināltiesību institūtu, to nevar skatīt atrauti no iepriekš minētiem institūtiem, tā iemesla dēļ, ka, salīdzinot probācijas uzraudzību ar policijas kontroli, tiek uzsvērtas sodu piemērošanas un izpildes atšķirības, kas sekmē izpratni par jaunā soda niansēm. Savukārt, probācijas uzraudzības salīdzināšana ar Valsts probācijas dienesta uzraugošām funkcijām ir pamatota ar apstākli, ka, izpildot probācijas uzraudzību, tiek izmantoti tie paši līdzekļi un instrumenti. Darba ietvaros autore izvirza vairākus ierosinājumus, kā panākt Latvijā spēkā esošo normatīvo aktu lielāku precizitāti un konsekventumu, kā arī norāda uz nepieciešamām darbībām, lai jaunizveidotais instruments ir tikpat efektīvs, kā ārvalstīs. Atslēgvārdi: kriminālsods, soda mērķis, Valsts probācijas dienests, probācijas uzraudzība, policijas kontrole, dzimumnoziegumi. ; The purpose of the Master's Paper is making the analysis of the probation supervision – extra penalties founded by the reforming of the criminal law policy, legislated in clause 45 of the Criminal Law. In order to achieve the defined purpose, first of all, there are considered the issues in the Paper, concerning the understanding of the penalty definition and the purpose of the criminal penalty, thus using both Latvian and foreign countries experiences. When analyzing the issues concerning the probation supervision, the author of the Paper used the experience of the court and the State Probation Service, that has been created according to the police control, controlling the suspendedly pre-term discharge of prisoners and suspendedly sentenced prisoners, that is included in the State Probation Service controlling obligations. Therefore it is necessary to conclude that having considered the new criminal law institute, it is impossible to discover it apart from the previously mentioned institutes, because of the fact that making the comparison of the probation controlling by the police, there are emphasized the differencies between the penalty awarding and its fulfilment, that creates the new penalty intepretation and its understanding. Nevertheless, the comparison of the probation supervision made by the State Probation Service controlling functions is based on the fact that making the probation supervision there are used the same means and tools. Within the scopes of the Paper the Author has developed some proposals concerning of how to achieve the bigger precision and consequency of the current Latvian legislation, as well as the Author has emphasized the necessary activities, so that the newly created tool would achieve the same effectiveness as it is abroad. Key words: criminal penalty, the purpose of the penalty, the State Probation Service, Probation supervision, police control, gender crimes.