Management of the radio frequency spectrum: an economic analysis
In: Occasional paper 102
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In: Occasional paper 102
El artículo expone las tres relaciones que genera la infraestructura para un sistema de transporte masivo tipo BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) en el espacio público urbano circundante. La primera relación es la de ocupación del espacio público por parte de la infraestructura de acceso a las estaciones, cuya situación ideal son los accesos a nivel, seguidos por pasos subterráneos y finalmente por estructuras elevadas. La segunda es el acompañamiento que las infraestructuras de acceso a las estaciones deben hacer a la extensión del sistema BRT por modos de transporte no motorizados. La tercera corresponde al vínculo entre sistemas de transporte sustentable, como el BRT, con unas cada vez mejores condiciones medioambientales en el entorno. Los criterios expuestos deben ser parte del eje fundamental en la planificación urbana que tiene como componente la implementación o extensión de redes de transporte público masivo. Es el caso de diversas ciudades capitales colombianas que en la actualidad se plantean esquemas de movilidad basados en sistemas BRT ; El artículo expone las tres relaciones que genera la infraestructura para un sistema de transporte masivo tipo BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) en el espacio público urbano circundante. La primera relación es la de ocupación del espacio público por parte de la infraestructura de acceso a las estaciones, cuya situación ideal son los accesos a nivel, seguidos por pasos subterráneos y finalmente por estructuras elevadas. La segunda es el acompañamiento que las infraestructuras de acceso a las estaciones deben hacer a la extensión del sistema BRT por modos de transporte no motorizados. La tercera corresponde al vínculo entre sistemas de transporte sustentable, como el BRT, con unas cada vez mejores condiciones medioambientales en el entorno. Los criterios expuestos deben ser parte del eje fundamental en la planificación urbana que tiene como componente la implementación o extensión de redes de transporte público masivo. Es el caso de diversas ciudades capitales colombianas que en la actualidad se plantean esquemas de movilidad basados en sistemas BRT
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In: Journal of Management, Band 6(2), Heft 2019
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Since the EU and Turkey concluded their refugee agreement, the central Mediterranean is becoming increasingly important again and is currently the most travelled route for irregular immigration to Europe. A proportion of the refugees and migrants on this route in 2016 came from the Horn of Africa and East Africa. As part of the Khartoum Process, the EU is seeking to cooperate with the countries in this region on migration policy. The Better Migration Management (BMM) programme is one part of these en-deavours. Some civil society actors criticize the programme because they believe it dis-regards human rights and validates despotic regimes. Analysis shows that this claim has, so far, been unjustified. Nevertheless, there is a risk that such cooperation may embolden authoritarian leaders who commit human rights violations. It is, therefore, all the more important to pay attention not only to effectiveness, but also to sustaina-bility and legitimacy when establishing partnerships on migration policy.
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In: Growth and change: a journal of urban and regional policy, Band 53, Heft 1, S. 342-376
ISSN: 1468-2257
AbstractMachine learning (ML) is being used regularly in many different fields. This paper compares traditional econometric methods that have better explanations of data analysis to ML methods, focusing on predicting, understanding and unpacking ML methods which have higher prediction accuracies of four key transport‐planning variables: household vehicle‐miles traveled (continuous variable), household vehicle ownership (count variable), mode choice (categorical variable), and land use change (categorical variable with strong spatial interactions). Here, the results of ten ML methods are compared to methods of ordinary least squares (OLS), multinomial logit (MNL), negative binomial and spatial auto‐regressive (SAR). The U.S.'s 2017 National Household Travel Survey and land use data sets from the Dallas‐Ft. Worth region of Texas are used. Results suggest traditional econometric methods work pretty well on the more continuous responses (VMT and vehicle ownership), but the random forest (RF), gradient boosting decision trees (GBDT), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) methods delivered the best results, though the RF model required 30 to almost 60 times more computing time than XGBoost and GBDT methods. The RF, GBDT, XGBoost, light gradient boosting method (lightGBM), and catboost offer better results than other methods for the two "classification" cases, with lightGBM being the most time‐efficient. Importantly, ML methods captured the plateauing effect modelers may expect when extrapolating covariate effects.
We conduct a public goods game in three small towns in the Indian state of Rajasthan. Due to historical military conquest, until 1947 these towns were on (barely) opposite sides of a colonial border separating British India from the Princely States. Our research design offers a treatment comparison between the towns of (British) Kekri and (Princely) Sarwar, and a control comparison between (Princely) Sarwar and (Princely) Shahpura. We find that participants in (British) Kekri are more co-operative (i.e., contribute more) in both home-town and mixed-town groups compared to those in (Princely) Sarwar. The latter differences are driven by individuals with family ties to the towns, and we find no differences in the control comparison. Our results highlight the enduring effects of colonial rule on social norms of co-operation. ; This project was funded by a Templeton Foundation grant (#59214) awarded to Rubin. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. This project was approved by the Chapman University IRB, Project #1617H011.
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In 2006 the Environmental Audit Committee launched an inquiry into how to reduce carbon emissions from transport. This is the Sustainable Development Commission's submission to the inquiry. ; Publisher PDF
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In: Revista portuguesa de estudos regionais: RPER = Portuguese review of regional studies, Heft 54, S. 105-114
ISSN: 2184-9269
Uma das funções das redes de transporte público é prover acesso à população aos equipamentos urbanos, entre eles as instituições de ensino superior. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo propor um método para mensurar a acessibilidade por transporte público de um campus universitário de grande porte, tomando como estudo de caso o campus do Fundão da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). O método proposto (passível de ser replicado em outros campi) combina a criação de um indicador de acessibilidade calculado por meio de técnicas de georreferenciamento com a aplicação de um questionário online junto à comunidade universitária. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram que o método é capaz de analisar a compatibilidade da oferta de transporte à demanda presente no campus e realizar outras análises de acessibilidade considerando variáveis socioeconômicas.
In: Revista do Serviço Público, Band 81, Heft 1, S. 83-91
ISSN: 2357-8017
A rigor, na pesquisa de soluções para os problemas dos transportes cole»tivos do Distrito Federal, não se pode, por meras questões teóricas,ignorar pura e simplesmente a existência dos serviços suburbanos m antidospelas estradas de ferro, pôstc que as quatro rêdes ferroviárias locais ocupam,e ocuparão sempre, posição privilegiada ao longo de consideráveis concentrações demográficas da cidade, como eixos naturais que são do sistemade transportes coletivos das mesmas.
In: Quantum Meta-Physics: Heuristics . Aesthetics . Ethics. The Centre for International Security Studies 6th annual Q Symposium, University of Sydney. 24-25 June 2021. Quarantine Station.
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In: Land use policy: the international journal covering all aspects of land use, Band 87, S. 104022
ISSN: 0264-8377
In: STOTEN-D-22-25524
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In: Australian journal of international affairs: journal of the Australian Institute of International Affairs, Band 73, Heft 5, S. 431-448
ISSN: 1465-332X