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The article deals with pedagogical principles for readiness formation as to professional interaction of the AFU future officers while participation in peace and security operations.Today's didactics of military education considers applying of the following general educational principles for foreign language training: the principle of scientific content and methods of educational process; the principle of systematic and consistent learning process; the principle of educational availability; the principle of conscious learning; the principle of activity and learning independence; the principle of visibility, unity of concrete and abstract; the principle of readiness; the principle of education`s connection with life and practice of building democratic society, the principle of both collective and individual forms of teaching methods. For more successful and effective readiness formation among future officers for professional interaction in international peace and security operations were determined specific principles that reflect the essence of foreign language communication of military personnel under conditions of materiel development. These principles include: the principle of specialization (targeting); the principle of multi-directional rhythmic training; principle of strict regulation and time limitation of professional actions; the principle of additional psychological stress based on the main psychophysiological stress, the principle of differentiation and optimization of educational process. It has been established that collectivism and an individual approach to learning are the basis for establishing readiness among AFU future officers to engage in professional international cooperation in maintaining peace and security in the process of professional training in higher military educational institutions. ; У статті висвітлюються педагогічні принципи щодо формування готовності до професійної взаємодії майбутніх офіцерів ЗСУ під час участі у міжнародних операціях з підтримання миру і безпеки. У сучасній дидактиці військової освіти для іншомовної підготовки ми вважаємо актуальним використання таких загальнодидактичних принципів навчання, як: принцип науковості змісту і методів навчального процесу; принцип систематичності й послідовності навчання; принцип доступності навчання; принцип свідомого засвоєння знань; принцип активності і самостійності; принцип наочності, єдності конкретного й абстрактного; принцип ґрунтовності; принцип зв'язку навчання з життям та практикою розбудови демократичного суспільства; принцип раціонального поєднання колективних та індивідуальних форм і способів навчальної роботи. Для більш успішного й ефективного формування готовності майбутніх офіцерів ЗСУ до професійної взаємодії у міжнародних операціях були визначені специфічніпроцесуальні принципи, які відображають сутність іншомовного спілкування військовослужбовця під час участі у міжнародних операціях у сучасних умовах розвитку військової техніки й озброєння, сучасних умовах ведення бою. До таких принципів належать: принцип спеціалізованості (адресності); принцип різнонаправленої ритмічної підготовки; принцип суворої регламентації та часового лімітування професійних дій; принцип додаткового психологічного навантаження на основі основної психофізіологічної напруги; принцип диференціації та оптимізації освітнього процесу. Було встановлено, що колективізм та індивідуальний підхід у навчанні – це основаформування готовності майбутніх офіцерів ЗСУ до професійної взаємодії у міжнародних операціях з підтримання миру і безпеки у процесі професійної підготовки у вищих військових навчальних закладах.

1. Chapter 1 Introduction -- 2. Chapter 2 World-system, International order and social roles -- 3. Chapter 3 Role redefinition: the US and Southeast Asia 1954-1975 -- 4. Chapter 4 Role Taking: China, ASEAN and the Third Indochina Conflict -- 5. Chapter 5 Role creation: ASEAN and post-Cold War Asia-Pacific -- 6. Chapter 6 Conclusion

In recent years (social) network approaches have been gaining ground in the field of international relations. Networks between states effectively explain patterns of international conflict and cooperation. One issue where conflict and cooperation converge-and where network analysis finds fruitful application-is the issue of third-party states' intervention in conflicts. This study investigates whether, and how, conflict expands in the international social space through the cooperative and antagonistic networks generated by states' supportive and oppositional interventions in international disputes. The study adopts a sociological theory of social units' interaction in the social space as a function of their multidimensional affinity to investigate further how such networks form. The hypotheses derived from this theoretical framework are tested using data on third-party non-neutral intervention in post-World War II militarized interstate disputes from Corbetta and Dixon (2005). Proximity in the international social space effectively predicts the creation of cooperative ties (supportive interventions) between states, while social distance predicts antagonistic ties (oppositional interventions). Adapted from the source document.

Since World War II, there has been a trend towards fewer wars, the Russian invasion of the Ukraine standing as a major 'aberration'. With decades of experience as an international lawyer, diplomat and head of UN Iraq inspections, Hans Blix examines conflicts and other developments after World War II. He finds that new restraints on uses of force have emerged from fears about nuclear war, economic interdependence and UN Charter rules. With less interest in the conquest of land, states increasingly use economic or cyber means to battle their adversaries. Such a turn is not free from perils but should perhaps be welcomed as an alternative to previous methods of war. By analysing these new restraints, Blix rejects the fatalistic assumption that there will always be war. He submits that today leading powers are saying farewell to previous patterns of war, instead choosing to continue their competition for power and influence on the battlefields of economy and information

This book deals with two areas: Global Commons and Security: inextricably melted together and more relevant than ever in a world which is ever globalized and… with an incognita looming on the horizon: the effects of the Coronavirus pandemic upon the International Relations and globalization. Global Commons have always been relevant. It was Mahan who argued that the first and most obvious light in which the sea presents itself from the political and social point of view, is that of a great highway; or better, perhaps, of a wide common… Nowadays, this view has been further developed and, in addition to the unique legal implications that the Global Commons introduce, they are viewed, more and more intently, as a common pool of resources. Or perhaps, not that common… Resources, the key word! Which has to be always supplemented by two key words: access and security. And still, another one: data, the cyberspace contribution to the equation.

This innovative survey of Byzantium's relations with pre-Christian Bulgaria in the late eighth and early ninth century offers an entirely new framework for understanding the developments that shaped one of the most turbulent periods in the history of the early Medieval Balkans. Unlike previous studies, it integrates the surviving literary sources with the ever-growing archaeological record to construct a comprehensive narrative account of the Byzantine-Bulgar conflict for political mastery in the region. Moreover, the analysis of the changing socio-political structures of Bulgaria provides a basis for understanding its transformation from a loose tribal confederation into a stable monarchy. While this is primarily a regional study, focusing on the territories and peoples controlled by the two competing powers, it is also of interest to students of the Frankish, Arab and steppe-nomad worlds, since the relations between Byzantium and Bulgaria are put into a wider international context.

In November 2016, Egypt agreed a comprehensive aid programme with the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Its stated objective was to stabilize the country's macroeconomic situation within three years and put it on track for inclusive economic growth. At the half-way stage, hardly any structural reforms have been implemented despite a short-term macroeconomic stabilization resulting from the conditions put in place. Rather, the increasingly influential military has prevented the emergence of a functioning market economy. This has been compounded by the disastrous human rights record of the government under President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, which has also had a negative impact on Egypt's economic development. Germany played a key role in the IMF agreement being concluded. The German government should, therefore, work to ensure the IMF produces a critical assessment of the reforms that have taken place so far. It should also link its willingness to support future aid packages with improving the human rights situation and strengthening civil society. (Autorenreferat)

Internationales Investitionsrecht besteht nicht mehr ausschließlich aus reinen Investitionsschutzabkommen. Vielmehr enthalten zunehmend auch Präferentielle Handels- und Investitionsabkommen (PTIAs) neben handelsrechtlichen, auch investitionsrechtliche Regelungen. Diese Studie untersucht den Einfluss dieser neuen Abkommensform auf internationale Investitionsbeziehungen. Es fragt, ob PTIAs mit Anliegen und Zielrichtung bilateraler Investitionsabkommen brechen oder deren logische Fortsetzung darstellen und ob sie internationale Handels- und Investitionsbeziehungen weiter fragmentieren or stattdessen zu einem harmonischeren Wirtschaftsvölkerrecht beitragen. Mit Beiträgen von: Jorge Albites-Bedoya, Freya Baetens, Axel Berger, Christina Binder, Eric de Brabandere, Tillmann Rudolf Braun, Marc Bungenberg, Rainer Hofmann, Marc Jacob, Adrian Johnston, Anna Joubin-Bret, Irmgard Marboe, Peter Muchlinski, Michele Potestà, Stephan Schill, Christian J. Tams, Anna G. Tevini, Michael J. Trebilcock, Raúl Emilio Vinuesa, Andreas Ziegler