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Within the last year or so there have been signs of another attempt to halt the drift toward anarchic restrictionism in international trade. Its origins may be discerned in the conference of British Commonwealth Finance Ministers summoned to London in January 1952 to consider the third of the sterling area's postwar crises. This conference, after branding as "palliatives" the measures taken to remedy recurring balance of payments deficits, concluded that a lasting solution of the sterling area's problems was possible only"when the world-wide trade of the sterling area is on a substantially higher level than at present, when sterling is freely convertible into all the main currencies of the world, and its position need no longer be supported by import restrictions." A year later, another Commonwealth conference reaffirmed these objections in more striking language: "The Commonwealth countries look outward to…co-operation with other countries, not inward to a closed association. It is their common purpose, by their own efforts and together with others, to increase world trade for the benefit of all peoples." The first formal step toward widening the basis of this initiative took place in March of this year, when Mr. Anthony Eden and Mr. R. A. Butler, acting in this matter for the British Commonwealth as a whole, discussed the economic prospect with Mr. John Foster Dulles, and found "reason to hope for continued progress towards a better-balanced, growing world trade and the restoration of a multilateral system of trade and payments." From Washington, Mr. Eden and Mr. Butler went to Paris in fulfillment of a promise to "keep in step with the Organization for European Economic Co-operation."

In a world that has become highly interdependent through globalization, where many borders often effectively only exist on political maps, transnational organized crime has become a significant, systemic threat to human, national, and international security. In "Re-Imagining International Law Enforcement" the clear focus is on the efforts of international law enforcement, which is the cooperation between states to engage and combat the problem of organized crime across borders. Often believed to be an international police force, INTERPOL facilitates exchange of information but does not, in fact, act upon information. Similar to this model, other organizations try to foster cooperation between national police forces but leave eventual enforcement to national agencies. The research focuses on establishing the current status quo, the level of cooperation throughout the last 200 years, and the current efforts put forth to build international cooperation. This is done through several case studies, which are evaluated from a political science perspective to provide the political reality in which possible solutions have to work. From that platform recommendations are produced that might improve the problems long-term, to limit a possible run-away prevalence of organized crime in the next decades. More specifically, national law enforcement models and theories are identified that might be useful on an international scale to approach the issue that is clearly beyond the scope of any single nation.

Few words have been used with more different meanings than the word "law." "International law" has likewise had many diverse definitions. The term, international law, is here used to cover the rules and principles which are generally observed in the relations among states. As laws in general become serviceable as their observance becomes regular, so international law becomes serviceable as its rules and principles are generally followed.The modernization of international law would imply the adaptation of international law to modern conditions. Conditions have changed since the old days when "strange air made a man unfree;" when all foreigners were enemies; when emigration was prohibited lest all man-power of a state might leave and there might be no available material for an army; or when such principles generally prevailed as that of Machiavelli, which he enunciates in the following words: "that whoever is the occasion of another's advancement is the cause of his own diminution" (Chap. 3).The development of the family of nations idea, and its extension from the Christian European states to other so-called Christian states, and later to states having a recognized political standing, regardless of religious or ethnic bases, shows the enlarging aspects of international relationship. In order that this relationship might continue, it was necessary that principles generally recognized by those having control of political affairs as worthy of their support should underlie these relationships.

Aus US-amerikanischer Sicht