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Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Feminism and Feminist Foreign Policy -- Book Overview -- References -- 1 Foundations of Feminist Foreign Policy -- The Concept of Human Rights -- Women's Rights Organizations and Movements -- Nongovernmental Peace Movements -- Key International Agreements and Events -- Women's Empowerment, Gender Equality, and Feminist Movements -- Summary -- References -- 2 Feminist Foreign Policy Fundamentals -- How Did We Get Here? -- Government -- The United Nations -- Academic Community -- Civil Society -- Moving Beyond Increased Representation -- Fundamentals of Feminist Foreign Policy -- Gender Equality -- Definition of Security -- Diverse Voices -- Addressing Historic Power Imbalances -- So, What Is Feminist Foreign Policy? -- Toward a Feminist Foreign Policy -- Summary -- References -- 3 Feminist Foreign Policy in Practice -- Sweden (2014-2022) -- Specific Examples of How a Feminist Foreign Policy Works -- Responses to Sweden's Feminist Foreign Policy -- Norway (2016-) -- Specific Examples of How a Feminist Foreign Policy Works -- Responses to Norway's Feminist Foreign Policy -- Canada (2017-) -- Women, Peace, and Security Agenda -- Feminist Trade Policy -- Responses to Canada's Feminist Assistance, Security and Trade Policies -- France (2019-) -- Responses to France's Feminist Foreign Policy -- Luxembourg (2019-) -- Mexico (2020-) -- Responses to Mexico's Feminist Foreign Policy -- Spain (2021-) -- Germany (2022-) -- Responses to Germany's Feminist Foreign Policy -- Netherlands (2022-) -- Mongolia (2022-) -- Others -- Ireland -- Australia -- Libya -- Chile -- Liberia -- Scotland -- Development and Use of Multilateral Platforms -- Summary -- References -- 4 The Global Role of the U.S. -- Global Role of the U.S.

This paper considers unilateral border measures, as contemplated by a number of developed states in conjunction with domestic emissions reduction schemes, as they relate to international trade and international environmental law. Specifically, I argue that to the extent that WTO-compliance requires strict adherence to the principle of nondiscrimination, as embodied in the national treatment and most-favored nation provisions in the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs, there is the potential for conflict with the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities (CBDR), both as a free-standing principle of customary international law and as set out in various multilateral environmental agreements and, in particular in the climate change context, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol. This is insofar as the unilateral imposition of BCAs by developed countries shifts costs of compliance with environmental legislation in developed economies onto the developing world. Such allocation may conflict with the principle of CBDR, which recognizes the unequal contribution to environmental degradation of developed countries as well as their enhanced ability to address the challenges presented by such degradation and, as a consequence, requires that they undertake more onerous obligations with respect to climate change mitigation. The paper concludes with a discussion of the extent to which this conflict is illustrative of a deeper tension between efficiency and equity considerations inherent in the intersection of international economic law and international environmental law. Adapted from the source document.

The development of the regional cooperation in South-Eastern Europe was at its lowest in comparison with other European regions. The changes occurring in the attitudes of the international community (through increased sensitivity and familiarity with the situation in the field and the new democratic advances of Croatia) are now creating favourable conditions for the development of the regional cooperation. It can be further fortified through international efforts, as well as through the international community's presence, since with its economic, political and even police/military resources it has enough instruments to support these developments. Within the emerging sintagm, "through cooperation to security", South-Eastern Europe is expected to commence its transformation of the relationships by developing different forms of useful cooperation which should lead to increased security and more peaceful coexistence. In such context, by means of regional cooperation, it is possible to attempt torging links with Europe and incorporating this region into the Euro- Atlantic integrations. (SOI : PM: S. 78)

Die Europäische Union ist gezeichnet von einem Jahrzehnt der Krisen. Diskussionen über Reformen in zentralen Politikfeldern sind blockiert. Die neue Kommissions­präsidentin Ursula von der Leyen hat nun für 2020 ambitionierte Vorhaben versprochen, die Klima und Digitalisierung ebenso betreffen wie die globale Positionierung der EU. Zugleich soll eine Konferenz zur Zukunft der EU ins Leben gerufen werden. Wahrscheinlich ist jedoch, dass die fortschreitende Fragmentierung im Europäischen Parlament sowie verhärtete Fronten zwischen Mitgliedstaaten und instabile Machtverhältnisse in mehreren dieser Staaten nur wenige konkrete Fortschritte erlauben. Statt eines neuen (geopolitischen) Auftretens der Union ist eine zusehends stärkere Ausdifferenzierung ihrer Handlungsfähigkeit nach Politikfeldern zu beobachten. Die deutsche Ratspräsidentschaft könnte dem entgegenwirken, indem sie die Suche nach "Paketlösungen" über einen ressortgetriebenen Ansatz in der EU-Politik priorisiert. (Autorenreferat)

Proceedings of a national workshop to launch a multi-stakeholder collaborative platform for the promotion of the sustainable conservation and use of Andean grains in Peru, held in Puno, Peru, in November 2009, in the framework of an international UN Programme supported by IFAD ('IFAD NUS II Project'). The publication provides a very useful analysis of challenges and opportunities across the value chain of Andean Grains in Peru, along with recommendations to stakeholder groups on urgent actions needed to address the conservation and sustainable use of quinoa, cañihua and amaranth in the country in a more effective way. A collaborative platform links producer associations, research institutes, researchers, development agencies, civil society, the business sector and policy makers, promoting linkages, building synergies and cooperation along the value chain and can advocate for political support for promoting greater use of Andean grains. This approach shifts from the 'traditional' top-down approach, linking research to farmers through extension services, to a new paradigm, involving rural and agricultural innovation systems which link public and private sectors with farmers, civil society organizations and the scientific community. Thus the concept of "innovation" encompasses not only the "technological innovation" itself, i.e., the diffusion of new products and services of a technological nature into the economy, but it includes equally non-technological forms of innovation, such as institutional and organizational innovations.By bringing together all the different stakeholders into a single platform, interactions between producers, local authorities, NGOs, extension agents, service providers, researchers and buyers are facilitated. In this context, each stakeholder brings his/her particular expertise to the table to support the overall implementation of the value chain vision. Ultimately, this collective action is meant to improve the prospects of small farmers in agricultural markets.This document highly recommended for agencies and workers engaged in promoting Andean Grains in Peru and other countries in Latin America, where these crops are being increasingly recognized as strategic livelihood assets to fight poverty and nutrition insecurity within a climate changing scenario (in Spanish). Particularly useful is the description of the collaborative stakeholder platform and the approach used to put it in place.

The article deals with pedagogical principles for readiness formation as to professional interaction of the AFU future officers while participation in peace and security operations.Today's didactics of military education considers applying of the following general educational principles for foreign language training: the principle of scientific content and methods of educational process; the principle of systematic and consistent learning process; the principle of educational availability; the principle of conscious learning; the principle of activity and learning independence; the principle of visibility, unity of concrete and abstract; the principle of readiness; the principle of education`s connection with life and practice of building democratic society, the principle of both collective and individual forms of teaching methods. For more successful and effective readiness formation among future officers for professional interaction in international peace and security operations were determined specific principles that reflect the essence of foreign language communication of military personnel under conditions of materiel development. These principles include: the principle of specialization (targeting); the principle of multi-directional rhythmic training; principle of strict regulation and time limitation of professional actions; the principle of additional psychological stress based on the main psychophysiological stress, the principle of differentiation and optimization of educational process. It has been established that collectivism and an individual approach to learning are the basis for establishing readiness among AFU future officers to engage in professional international cooperation in maintaining peace and security in the process of professional training in higher military educational institutions. ; У статті висвітлюються педагогічні принципи щодо формування готовності до професійної взаємодії майбутніх офіцерів ЗСУ під час участі у міжнародних операціях з підтримання миру і безпеки. У сучасній дидактиці військової освіти для іншомовної підготовки ми вважаємо актуальним використання таких загальнодидактичних принципів навчання, як: принцип науковості змісту і методів навчального процесу; принцип систематичності й послідовності навчання; принцип доступності навчання; принцип свідомого засвоєння знань; принцип активності і самостійності; принцип наочності, єдності конкретного й абстрактного; принцип ґрунтовності; принцип зв'язку навчання з життям та практикою розбудови демократичного суспільства; принцип раціонального поєднання колективних та індивідуальних форм і способів навчальної роботи. Для більш успішного й ефективного формування готовності майбутніх офіцерів ЗСУ до професійної взаємодії у міжнародних операціях були визначені специфічніпроцесуальні принципи, які відображають сутність іншомовного спілкування військовослужбовця під час участі у міжнародних операціях у сучасних умовах розвитку військової техніки й озброєння, сучасних умовах ведення бою. До таких принципів належать: принцип спеціалізованості (адресності); принцип різнонаправленої ритмічної підготовки; принцип суворої регламентації та часового лімітування професійних дій; принцип додаткового психологічного навантаження на основі основної психофізіологічної напруги; принцип диференціації та оптимізації освітнього процесу. Було встановлено, що колективізм та індивідуальний підхід у навчанні – це основаформування готовності майбутніх офіцерів ЗСУ до професійної взаємодії у міжнародних операціях з підтримання миру і безпеки у процесі професійної підготовки у вищих військових навчальних закладах.

Die sowjetische Reformpolitik hat viel zur Veränderung des europäischen Kontinets beigetragen. Die Probleme der Sicherheit treten infolge der Abrüstung in den Hintergrund. Im Vordergrund erscheinen jetzt ökonomische, ökologische und soziale Probleme, die im Rahmen eines integrierten Europas zu lösen sein werden. Für ein neues Europa werden multilaterale Verhandlungen und Zusammenarbeit charakteristisch sein. Bilaterale Konflikte können auf dem Verhandlungswege geschlichtet werden. Die wirkungsvolle Dynamik der gesamteuropäischen wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung kann auch zur Lösung von möglichen ethnischen Konflikten und der Probleme des Nationalismus in Europa beitragen. Angesichts der fortschreitenden eueropäischen Integration bemüht sich Schweden um die Mitgliedschaft in der EG, um an den europäischen Prozessen mitzuwirken. (BIOst-Ldg)

The main goal of the article is to analyze the basic problems regarding the Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) negotiations between the European Union (EU) and the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries. The negotiations so far have been controversial, and discussions about them have been inconclusive. In the first section of the article, the negotiations are set within the context of global politics and are especially examined in the context of new regionalism/inter-regionalism and international trade relations to clarify the motives behind the EPAs. Then the negotiation parties are introduced and a brief overview of the ACP economies follows, since they all have a considerable impact on the EPA discussions. Next, an analysis of possible positive and negative impacts of the EPAs on the development of ACP countries follows. Adapted from the source document.

This volume analyzes the import patterns of selected countries to determine which nations are active importers and which ones import much less than expected. The majority of the work focuses on the industrialized countries, which are at the center of the international trading system, determining which are very active importers and which are not. Controls for wealth, size, and membership in customs areas are included. Countries importing at levels below predicted ones are the countries likely to be most effective at protecting domestic industries from foreign competition. For example, the results permit an evaluation of the arguments that Japan has consistently imported less than would be expected due to the presence of barriers protecting the domestic market

Due to the continuing expansion of the notion of security, various national, regional and international institutions now find themselves addressing contemporary security issues. While institutions may evolve by adjusting themselves to new challenges, they can also fundamentally alter the intricate balance between security and current legal frameworks. This volume explores the tensions that occur when institutions address contemporary security threats, in both public and international law contexts. As part of the Connecting International with Public Law series, it provides important and valuable insights into the legal issues and perspectives which surround the institutional responses to contemporary security challenges. It is essential reading for scholars, practitioners and policy makers seeking to understand the legal significance of security institutions and the implications of their evolution on the rule of law and legitimacy.