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Aus jugoslawischer Sicht

Aus jugoslawischer Sicht

Aus jugoslawischer Sicht

Anti-corruption movements around the world have set the stage for a comprehensive attack on transnational bribery. The Organization of American States adopted the first convention to criminalize transnational bribery in 1996, and efforts by the OECD to address the issue culminated in the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions, which was signed by the representative Ministers in November 1997, and is expected to enter into force by 1999. While these developments are promising, they offer only a partial solution to a complex problem. Transnational bribery will persist until a comprehensive anti-corruption strategy, based on an understanding of the underlying causes of corruption, is implemented. Part II of this Note will examine the prevalence of transnational bribery in the context of international trade. It then will discuss the negative impact of transnational bribery on national economies, political structures, and international trade. Part III will examine the debilitating impact of transnational bribery on developing countries. The threat to future economic growth, and the potential to create a backlash against democracy are highlighted. Part IV will provide an overview of recent efforts to control and proscribe transnational bribery. Specifically, the approaches of international organizations, multilateral development banks, and regional organizations are described and evaluated. In Part V, the causes endemic to corruption are reviewed, and effective approaches to controlling transnational bribery are proposed.

As recent events in Iraq demonstrate, countries that have suffered civil war or rule by military regime can face a long, difficult transition to peaceful democracy. Drawing on the experiences of Bosnia, Haiti, Rwanda and Afghanistan, this outstanding volume demonstrates that newly emerging democracies need more than emergency economic support: restoring the rule of law can involve the training of a new police force, for example, or the creation of an international war crimes tribunal. Concluding with specific recommendations for the UN and EU members,Voorhoeve reminds us that disregard for human rights or delay in civilian reconciliation can lead to resurgences of violence.

The Secretary General of NATO addresses that organization's relationship with its neighbors to the East, maintaining that the development of partnerships is not only NATO's guiding principle, but the basis of peace/stability in a fluid security environment. The two possible security approaches at the end of the Cold War were to either declare victory & continue business as usual, or to undertake an inclusive, untested modus operandi that involved assisting newly democratic European states. The route of partnership & cooperation was chosen as the only viable way to maintain security. The evolution of the NATO framework is traced, noting it started as a one-way street with NATO assisting former adversaries with their transition to a post-communist system, but progressed to a two-way street, with more of the 46 member countries sharing the burden of managing European security. Numerous examples are given of the value of cooperative mechanisms & successful partnerships. Problems related to Russia are discussed, along with the partnership between Europe & North America that is described as the foundation of global stability. J. Lindroth

Die internationale Wissenschaftskooperation, lange gepflegt, ist auf dem Rückzug. In immer mehr Staaten fordert die Politik von Forschenden: Geht auf Distanz. (IP)

Suggests that the field of Commonwealth Studies be built around twentieth-century history, international relations, comparative politics, and political economy.

This book offers a major new theory of global governance, explaining both its rise and what many see as its current crisis. The author suggests that world politics is now embedded in a normative and institutional structure dominated by hierarchies and power inequalities and therefore inherently creates contestation, resistance, and distributional struggles. Within an ambitious and systematic new conceptual framework, the theory makes four key contributions. Firstly, it reconstructs global governance as a political system which builds on normative principles and reflexive authorities. Second, it identifies the central legitimation problems of the global governance system with a constitutionalist setting in mind. Third, it explains the rise of state and societal contestation by identifying key endogenous dynamics and probing the causal mechanisms that produced them. Finally, it identifies the conditions under which struggles in the global governance system lead to decline or deepening. Rich with propositions, insights, and evidence, the book promises to be the most important and comprehensive theoretical argument about world politics of the 21st century.