Suchergebnisse

Hearings held Jan. 18, 1954-May 3, 1955 in various cities. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Today, environmental protection and sustainable development are two fundamental pillars of human existence. In this process, the major roles are played by governments and international organizations. Adherence to international obligations (Erga Omnes) and Jus Cogens are two important rudiments in environmental diplomacy towards sustainable development. Surely, sustainability in development and Environmental protection would not have happened without serious regional interactions and international cooperation. In addition, sustainable development and development sustainability is not on their accurate path except in international interactions and global peace. Along with that, environmental diplomacy is known as an effective method of natural resources and ecosystem conservation. So, environmental discussions are very much important international convergence reason. Therefore, the international community can lead to global environmental conservation strategies with that convergence attitude. This research aims to determine the international environmental law evolution firstly and government's roles in front of environmental challenges lying international convergence and legal fundamentals. So, environmental threats and hazards, display an illogical human act, that can be solved under the shadow of international convergence and moving to environmental conservation and global peace.

Gliederung: I. Grundsätze der Kooperation zwischen der BRD, den Nachfolgestaaten der Sowjetunion und den mittel- und osteuropäischen Staaten in Bildung, Wissenschaft und Kultur (1. Berufliche Aus- und Weiterbildung 2. Hochschule, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie 3. Kultur 4. Einbindung deutscher Hilfe in internationale Maßnahmen und Programme). - II. Stand der angelaufenen und geplanten Maßnahmen. - III. Resumee. (PHF/übern.)

Analyses of religion and international politics routinely concern the persistence of religion as a critical element in world affairs. However, they tend to neglect the constitutive interconnections between religion and political life. Consequently, religion is treated as exceptional to mainstream politics. In response, recent works focus on the relational dimensions of religion and international politics. This article advances an "entangled history" approach that emphasizes the constitutive, relational, and historical dimensions of religion — as a practice, discursive formation, and analytical category. It argues that these public dimensions of religion share their conditions of possibility and intelligibility in a political order that crystallized over the long 19th century. The neglect of this period has enabled International Relations to treat religion with a sense of closure at odds with the realities of religious political behavior and how it is understood. Refocusing on religion's historical entanglements recovers the concept as a means of explaining international relations by "recognizing" how it is constituted as a category of social life. Beyond questions of the religious and political, this article speaks to renewed debates about the role of history in International Relations, proposing entanglement as a productive framing for international politics more generally.

Status matters to all states. For some from the Global South, status ambitions drive foreign policies. International venues like the G20 are perfect tools to pursue such ambitions. How, then, does status drive the foreign policies of the Global South and how does it inform their leadership of the G20? How and why should the Global North engage with such status ambitions?
Status is about one's standing in a social hierarchy and can be understood as a set of shared beliefs about a state. States often communicate their status ambitions through "vanity projects" such as a space programme or become diplomatically very proactive in international forums.
On the one hand, status ambitions can contribute to efforts that strengthen international stability and global governance, such as conflict mediation and humanitarianism. They can also deepen instability in the form of revisionism, regional interventions, and challenges to the rules-based international order.
The year 2023 will see an Indian presidency of the G20. For a country that has long aspired to a seat in global multilateral institutions, India is mobilising the platform - and will continue to do so - to amplify its status ambitions. With India's rise potentially impacting the global balance of power, a careful reading of its status concerns as manifested in its G20 presidency is both valuable and necessary.
At the current conjuncture of a global polycrisis, it is imperative to create conditions conducive to cooperation between large developing countries and the European Union / Germany. Attention to status concerns implies acknowledgement of hierarchies between states and can create the foundations for establishing relations and partnerships on a level playing field.
Seeking status is an important driver of foreign policy in the Global South. Intangible and challenging to identify, status considerations sometimes explain puzzling policy outcomes. They draw attention to the role of the reputational gains that lead states to prioritise certain issues over others. For European decision-makers, attention to status concerns when engaging with the Global South can make for better understanding among partners and help strengthen diplomatic interaction.

The work of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) should focus more deeply on fulfilling its economic goals rather than trying to expand into geopolitics as it did during its Oct 2001 meeting in Shanghai, People's Republic of China, a meeting described as having been hijacked by terrorism. Questions about how to define APEC & its functions are raised, noting that it works as a clearinghouse for various international groups & provides bilateral meetings, a service that is greatly needed. APEC should, however, seek to be more than that through creating a model of economic interdependence that would be useful for the World Trade Organization. D. Weibel

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Cooperation and Hegemony in US-Latin American Relations: An Introduction -- Part I Disciplinary Foundations and Approaches to US-Latin American Relations: Between International Relations and History -- Chapter 1 Another American Social Science: International Relations in the Western Hemisphere -- Chapter 2 Commonality, Specificity, and Difference: Histories and Historiography of the Americas -- Part II Pan-Americanism and the Idea of the Western Hemisphere -- Chapter 3 The "Vanguard of Pan-Americanism": Chile and Inter-American Multilateralism in the Early Twentieth Century -- Chapter 4 Hemisphere, Region, and Nation: Spatial Conceptions in US Hispanic American History -- Part III Human Rights, International Law, and the Inter-American System -- Chapter 5 Pan-American Legal Designs: The Rise and Decline of American International Law in the Western Hemisphere -- Chapter 6 The Inter-American Human Rights System and US-Latin American Relations -- Contributors -- Index.