Suchergebnisse

'Anticorruption in History' is the first major collection of individual and comparative case studies on how societies and polities in and beyond European history defined legitimate power in terms of fighting corruption and designed specific mechanisms to pursue that agenda.

Oral history has always held a rather ambiguous position within the study of economics. While widely read and enjoyed, such interviews are secretly scorned, dismissed as merely a lightweight diversion. Yet, to conduct revealing and insightful work of this type is difficult, requiring a firm grasp of economics, especially individual contributions to the discipline. This article examines my own attempts to come to grips with the methodology and ideology of the Chicago School through a series of conversations with some nineteen of George Stigler's contemporaries. Oral history, if skillfully conducted, can prove to be one of the more useful tools in recapturing and understanding the past history of economics as a fiercely fought over discipline.

The revolution of February 1848 was a major landmark in the history of republicanism in France. During the July Monarchy, republicans were in favour of both universal suffrage and direct popular participation. But during the first months of the new republican regime, these principles collided, putting republicans to the test, bringing forth two conceptions of republicanism - moderate and democratic-social. After the failure of the June insurrection, the former prevailed. During the drafting of the Constitution, moderate republicanism was defined in opposition to socialism and unchecked popular participation. Conservatives and moderates promoted the image of the 'universality of citizens' as the real sovereign, acting only through the universal election of legislators and rulers. Adapted from the source document.

Birthplaces of the rainbow revolutionaries --Introduction --Adam Rippon --Alan L. Hart --Alan Turing --Albert Cashier --Alberto Santos-Dumont --Alexander the Great --Al-Hakam II --Alvin Ailey --Bayard Rustin -- Benjamin Banneker --Billie Jean King --Chevalière d'Éon --Christina of Sweden --Christine Jorgensen --Cleve Jones --Ellen DeGeneres --Francisco Manicongo --Frida Kahlo --Frieda Belinfante --Georgina Beyer --Gilbert Baker --Glenn Burke -- Greta Garbo --Harvey Milk --James Baldwin --Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir --José Sarria -- Josephine Baker --Juana Inés de la Cruz --Julie d'Aubigny --Lili Elbe --Ma Rainey --Magnus Hirschfeld --Manvendra Singh Gohil --Marsha P. Johnson --Martine Rothblatt --Maryam Khatoon Molkara --Natalie Clifford Barney --Navtej Johar --Nzinga --Pauli Murray --Renée Richards --Rudolf Nureyev --Sally Ride --Simon Nkoli --Stormé DeLarverie --Sylvia Rivera --Tshepo Ricki Kgositau --Wen of Han --We'wha --A timeline of LGBTQ+ history --Glossary --Pride and identity flags --LGBTQ+ symbols.

AbstractMajor risk events in history are often labeled as black swans or as unforeseeable given the risk policies and procedures existing at the time. Hindsight suggests that many of these events could have been foreseeable. This article explores past risk events, (1) analyzes how risk science principles apply to those events, and (2) studies gaps and opportunities for risk science using the lenses of consequences, uncertainty, and knowledge as they relate to evidence used for risk assessment prior to the risk event. New insights are obtained, relating to general foundational risk science issues and a classification system for characterizing the integrity and quality of evidence in risk studies. The analysis results are used to identify how risk science approaches contribute to the overall management of risk and societal safety, and where improvements can be obtained.

Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Praise for A History of Confinement in Palestine: The Prison Web -- Note on the Transcription of Arabic Terms -- Web (n.) -- Prologue -- References -- Contents -- List of Maps -- List of Tables -- 1 Inside the Military Courts -- Al-Moscobiyeh, West Jerusalem, July 2016 -- Disorientation, Invisibility, and the System of Proof -- The Prison Web, Networks, and Data Collection -- Temporalities and Virtualities: Entering the Other World and Other Timeframe of the Military Courts -- Spinning the Prison Web: A Vague, Atemporal, and Virtual Definition of Offenses -- Controlling Time in Court -- Performing the Law in a Colonial Context -- The Trial of Khalida Jarrar. Act I -- Using Military Law and Its Practices: Fighting Within the System -- The Trial of Khalida Jarrar. Act II -- References -- 2 Going to Prison -- The Visit -- Hadarim, July 28, 2016-Ramon, October 31, 2016. Detention in the Eyes of the Prison Service -- Druze and Palestinian Citizens of Israel: The (Inter)Face of the Penal System -- The Golan Druze. How Confinement Erases Borders -- Carceral Interactions and Collective History. Circumventing the Political Management of Minorities in Israel -- References -- 3 Inside/Outside Citizenships: Carceral Generations and the Frontiers of Political Action -- From the Jordanian Prisons to the Generation of the Israeli Occupation (1967-1973) -- Saad, Tarek, Radi, and the Others. The Prison Model and the World of Writing: The Prisoners' Movement Generation (1974-1987) -- The Repression and Politicization of Civilian Mobilizations in the Occupied Territories -- The Prisoners' Movement: The Carceral Structure of the National Movement -- Abu George and Qaddura Farès. The Intifada Generation and the Politicization of the Hunger Strike (1988-1994) -- Protest Beyond Walls. The Massification and Violence of Imprisonment.

By 2016, it was impossible to ignore an international resurgence of xenophobia. What had happened? Looking for clues, psychiatrist and historian George Makari started out in search of the idea's origins. To his astonishment, he discovered an unfolding series of never-told stories. While a fear and hatred of strangers may be ancient, he found that the notion of a dangerous bias called "xenophobia" arose not so long ago. Coined by late-nineteenth-century doctors and political commentators and popularized by an eccentric stenographer, xenophobia emerged alongside Western nationalism, colonialism, mass migration, and genocide. Makari chronicles the concept's rise, from its popularization and perverse misuse to its spread as an ethical principle in the wake of a series of calamites that culminated in the Holocaust, and its sudden reappearance in the twenty-first century. He investigates xenophobia's evolution through the writings of figures such as Joseph Conrad, Albert Camus, and Richard Wright, and innovators like Walter Lippmann, Sigmund Freud, Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, and Frantz Fanon. Weaving together history, philosophy, and psychology, Makari offers insights into varied, related ideas such as the conditioned response, the stereotype, projection, the Authoritarian Personality, the Other, and institutional bias. Masterful, original, and elegantly written, Of Fear and Strangers offers us a unifying paradigm by which we might more clearly comprehend how irrational anxiety and contests over identity sweep up groups and lead to the dark headlines of division so prevalent today

This commemorative work offers a snapshot view of the people, aircraft, and events that comprise the first century of Marine aviation. Featuring a foreword by John Glenn, Jr., it showcases the achievements of Marine aviation through seldom seen photographs and accounts of pivotal battles and events. An oral history CD is included in the back of the book, providing the text and photos with first-hand accounts from select Marine aviators. Additionally, this publication offers several appendices to serve as a reference. ; Shipping list no.: 2012-0010-S. ; "Selection of oral histories" -- CD surface. ; Includes bibliographical references (p. 326-329) and index. ; Laying the groundwork. Dawning of awareness, 1912-1916 -- A force in the fight, 1917-1919 -- "Of what practical use?", 1919-1926 -- Men with a mission, 1926-1934 -- Mobilizing the force. Upping the ante, 1935-1941 -- Good Corsair drivers, 1942-1943 -- The learning curve, 1944-1945 -- Innovative readiness. Adapting to the threat, 1945-1960 -- The buildup, 1960-1967 -- The changing face of war, 1968-1975 -- The modern era. Reevaluation and readiness, 1975-1999 -- Realizing the dream, 1999-2010. ; This commemorative work offers a snapshot view of the people, aircraft, and events that comprise the first century of Marine aviation. Featuring a foreword by John Glenn, Jr., it showcases the achievements of Marine aviation through seldom seen photographs and accounts of pivotal battles and events. An oral history CD is included in the back of the book, providing the text and photos with first-hand accounts from select Marine aviators. Additionally, this publication offers several appendices to serve as a reference. ; Mode of access: Internet.

"A landmark new history of the peasant experience, exploring a now neglected way of life that once encompassed most of humanity but is vanishing in our time. For over the past century and a half, and still more rapidly in the last seventy years, the world has become increasingly urban, and the peasant way of life-the dominant way of life for humanity since agriculture began well over 6,000 years ago-is disappearing. In this new history of peasantry, social historian Patrick Joyce aims to tell the story of this lost world and its people, and how we can commemorate their way of life. In one sense, this is a global history, ambitious in scope, taking us from the urbanization of the early 19th century to the present day. But more specifically, Joyce's focus is the demise of the European peasantry and of their rites, traditions, and beliefs. Alongside this he brings in stories of individuals as well as places, including his own family, and looks at how peasants and their ways of life have been memorialized in photographs, literature, and in museums. Joyce explores a people whose voice is vastly underrepresented in human history and is usually mediated through others. And now peasants are vanishing in one of the greatest historical transformations of our time. Enlightening, timely, and vitally important, this book commemorates an extraordinary culture whose impact on history-and the future-remains profoundly relevant"--

Comments on Matthew Worley's (1999) reflections on historiography of the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB), deeming it disappointing for its dearth of political probing & political judgment & raising the issue of whether historians consciously or otherwise, & in various ways, illegitimately reconstruct history to synch with their preconceptions. It is argued that Worley failed to engage with the arguments & interpretations of the various works he either lauded or dismissed. He required readers to take these verdicts on trust & provided nothing explicit in way of a framework in which he passed judgment. It is contended that Worley biased his assessment in favor of those who offered a sympathetic view of the CPGB in the interest of presenting the CPGB as dissenting from the Comintern line. Attention is given to the importance of Stalin in driving CPGB policy, contra Worley who asserted the British party's autonomy from the Kremlin & essentially whitewashed Stalin's impact. Focus turns to critiquing Worley's (eg, 2000) revision of the conventional estimations of the Third Period, highlighting his (2002) consolidation of said work in a book. Seen as a rehash of earlier work, the book's similar lack of political probing & judgment is noted. The evidence presented therein does not amount to a convincing reevaluation of the Third Period; despite Worley's revisionist assertions, it is maintained that the CPGB offered no real challenge to the Comintern line. J. Zendejas