Suchergebnisse

Sweden was the first country in Europe to introduce compulsory sex education
into school curricula as early as 1955. It is nowadays integrated in the
education systems of many European countries. Is the contemporary approach
to sex education realistic in Serbia, as well? In other words, has the state
modernised its education system and adapted it to the present-day
requirements and needs in this field? With that respect, the paper considers
a number of topics related to sex education: contemporary definition of the
concept, respect of the relevant human rights, new needs for this type of
information, the implementation principles, barriers and models in the
European countries, the role of schools, health care institutions and the
media, as well as the good practices in Europe. Besides the research results
published in scientific papers, important inputs for consideration of the
above topics were also taken from the relevant studies of the World Health
Organisation, the International Planned Parenthood Federation and the
European Society of Contraception and Reproductive Health. This has provided
the basis for the status assessment and the formulation of expectations with
regard to the implementation of youth sex education in Serbia. The emphasis
is on working with youth as the key target group for education in this
field, although sex education is significant in all stages of life.

This paper proposes and analyzes a model of a "European economy" with three overlapping generations, redistributive social security, and public universities without tuition. Individuals differ ex ante. The effect of wage tax rate on occupational choice and the voting equilibrium of wage tax rate and educational investments are analyzed both under full certainty and with income risks facing the educated and the uneducated.

The content of the article analyzes the processes (algorithms) globalization and its impact on the institution of the state. Various methodological approaches to the study of global processes and theoretical and practical models of transformation of state institutions. It is shown that modernization and globolokalnye trends significantly affect the meaning and the socio-cultural dynamics of the state as a political phenomenon, problematizing essence, the basic functions and tasks, the social role of public authorities in the political life of society. It is noted that the current process of globalization significantly increase risk- taking functioning of local, national and regional living spaces, put in a tough relationship from the activities of the government. The paper concludes that the international political communication, based on national unity, sovereignty and national integrity, evolves in the direction of adapting (a constantly changing and perestrukturiruyuschihsya) cooperative arrangements, where state power is considered as one of the global actors involved in the political process on an equal basis with non-governmental civil institutions, transnational actors, the military-political blocs. At the same time, the authors argue that globalization is qualitatively enrich and complicate the role of the state, is justified, that this institution will not lose its dominant position in the international cooperation in the management of intra-national processes. DOI:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s6p277

As climate change raises sea levels, it is unclear how the international community will handle the physical disappearance of several island states. (Survival / SWP)

One of the functions of a social state is providing decent wages for labor. This is especially topical for the most important social areas — healthcare and education. In recent years, raising teacher's salary has become one of the most important issues, but the problem is still far from being resolved. The aim of the work is to analyze the level of teachers' salaries in municipal schools in 2013–2017 in the RF subjects with different levels of economic development. As the main indicators there were selected nominal average monthly salary of teachers, their salary in relation to the average wage in the region, and their salary in relation to the subsistence minimum of the working age population. On the basis of cluster analysis using the Ward method, there were created cartograms for the first two indicators presenting their dynamics. The analysis shows that in the period under review, the salary of teaching staff grew at a slower pace than the average wage across the country and in the majority of the RF subjects. The level of economic development of a region has a significant impact on the salary of teachers. In financial centers, industrialized and mining regions, work remuneration of teachers grew at a higher rate than in less developed agricultural ones. As a result, the interregional differentiation of teachers' salaries in general education has increased. This indicates that the state policy aimed at raising salaries in the general education system does not reach its goal, and it is necessary to increase the state funding of general education.

Abstract The paper aims to discuss digital learning for lifelong learning at the university level in Brazil, taken as a case study. It is structured in the following way. It presents concepts of digital learning in multicultural approaches within lifelong paradigms. It then presents a cursory look at Brazilian educational policies in that area, particularly focusing on the role of the Universidade Aberta (Open University) in Brazil. Lastly, it discusses digital learning in the context of the onset of the COVID-19 pandemics in Brazil. It tries to gauge the impediments and the challenges that may jeopardise a multicultural potential in educational policies, particularly focusing on government political directives as well as responses from university associations and from a public university. It concludes, by presenting possible ways ahead for reflections and contributions in the area.

The utility of information and communication technologies (ICT) becomes increasingly more essential in modern societies, and the new public space provided by ICT gives opportunities for people who previously did not have tools to be heard, to discuss, to meet and to start social movements, as happened in the case of «Occupy Wall Street» or «Arab Spring». Recently the similar phenomenon has been observed in Japan, a country with the existence of weak civil society, little interest of citizens to protest, and the lack of active social movements. Yet lately, new groups against the government appear taking advantage of the use of ICT, especially social networks. In this research we aim to study the impact, the application, and the advantages and disadvantages of social networks in these protest movements in order to increase better political education. The methodology to be used is case study (process-tracing method), analyzing data and information collected from various digital communication sources. After the study we conclude that the use of social networks contributes to the activation of Japanese civil society. ; La utilidad de las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) se muestra cada vez más imprescindible en las sociedades modernas, y el nuevo espacio público facilitado por las TIC da oportunidades a la gente que antes no tenía herramientas para opinar, discutir, reunirse e iniciar movimientos sociales, como sucedieron en los casos del Occupy Wall Street o la denominada «primavera árabe». Recientemente se observa también un fenómeno parecido en Japón, un país con una existencia de sociedad civil con falta de autonomía e interés por las protestas de los ciudadanos y escasez de movimientos sociales activos. Últimamente, se aprecian grupos contra el gobierno con el uso de TIC, especialmente redes sociales. En esta investigación tratamos de estudiar el impacto, aplicación, ventajas e inconvenientes de redes sociales en estos movimientos de protesta para el desarrollo de una mejor educación política. La metodología será de estudio de casos (método process-tracing), analizando datos e informaciones de varias fuentes digitales comunicativas. Después del estudio concluimos con que el uso de redes sociales contribuye a la activación de la sociedad civil japonesa.