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Machine generated contents note: List of Illustrations -- Series Editors' Introduction -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Note on Translations -- 1. Building the Department of Anthropology at Columbia University -- 2. Franz Boas and His Early Students, 1901-1915 -- 3. Race and the Quest for Social Justice -- 4. Folklore and Ruins in Mexico and Puerto Rico -- 5. Conflict, War, and Censure -- 6. Preponderance of Women Students -- 7. Loss and Loneliness -- 8. The Last Cohort of Boas's Students -- 9. Rescuing Scientists -- 10. After Retirement -- Appendix: Tribal and Historical Designations -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- .

In this collection of essays ten anthropologists and two historians address the world-wide pattern of falling birth rates. Fertility has commonly been treated from a specialized demographic perspective, but there is today widespread dissatisfaction with conventional demographic approaches, which are criticized for neglecting the cultural, social, and political forces that affect reproductive behavior. For their part, anthropologists have only recently begun to apply their characteristic approaches to the study of reproduction. Drawing on new ethnographic and historical research and on a variety of theoretical approaches, the contributors to this book indicate some of the ways in which demography might take into account historical processes, political forces, and cultural conceptions

In this article we present the ongoing theoretical discussions concerning
the relations between anthropology and literature in France.
We recall the historical relationship of a part of French anthropology
and the world of literature. We then try to show how the anthropology
of literature began by using the model of the anthropology of
art, mainly concentrating on literary works as individual creations
specific to the style or the cosmology of a given writer. We explore a
new perspective on the analysis of the social and symbolic meanings
of literary worlds, putting the emphasis on what is called 'ethnocriticism'
in France. In order to understand better the influence of literature
and literary motives on contemporary cultural practices, and
to grasp the relation of literary works with the outside world and with
everyday life, we propose to build up a comparative approach of literary
works and rituals. Through different novels or other literary
works, we address possible developments of contemporary anthropologies
of literature in France.

Purpose. The aim of this work is the intelligent reconstruction and the analysis of the various methodological approaches to cognitive areas of modern philosophy of history and determines their cognitive and academic relationships with conceptual terms of such branches of historical knowledge as historical anthropology. Methodology. Methodological tools of this work are such scientific approaches as methods of philosophy of science, interdisciplinary approach, methods of source and system analysis. Scientific novelty. Reproduced and analyzed was a number of methodological approaches inherent in the natural sciences and the social - the humanities. The latter, in accordance with the principles of interdisciplinary paradigm, is very widely applied by the modern philosophy of historical knowledge, in particular in the analysis of the historical process and its main elements: the mentality, attitudes and norms of socially significant and personal behavior of individuals and societies of the past. The influence of research on various historical and historical anthropological problems such concepts implanted in the methodology of modern philosophy of history scientific disciplines as chaos theory, synergetics, mathematical biology, ethnology, social psychology, etc. Focuses on intellectual connections are used in the philosophy of history, historical knowledge interdisciplinary methodology, theory and concepts of natural science and social - humanities. They are used to analyze and understand the complex and multifaceted historical events and processes. Conclusions. The result of the analysis of the cognitive dynamics applications in the philosophy of history of conceptual approaches of a very wide range of scientific disciplines has been the allocation of a number of phases of the mining process. Each of them has special logic - methodological and socio cultural characteristics ("Data"). Internal, cognitive science dynamics of this unity was not the aiming at the destruction of the previous intellectual tradition, but its deepening and updating on the basis of the implementation of more effective and diverse methodological approaches.

If Islam is to be studied anthropologically, then it must be considered a distinctive historical totality that organizes various aspects of social life, rather than a heterogeneous collection of objects designated as Islam by various people. Ernest Gellner's (1981) attempt at conceptualizing Islam as a totality is shown to rely on non-Islamic conceptions of religion & politics. Gellner's account is also present as a dramatic struggle, with each character, eg, rural tribe or urban merchant, playing its part. This schematic description of social behavior leaves no room for the idiosyncratic gesture. Gellner's dramaturgical presentation of Islam also excludes those who do not appear to act, eg, women & peasants. It is concluded that any conceptualization of the Islamic religion that does not account for historical tradition as an organizing narrative will fail to understand Islam. 42 References. H. von Rautenfeld

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Anthropology -- What Is Anthropology? -- The Major Subfields of Anthropology -- Biological (or Physical) Anthropology -- Evolution -- Anthropological Linguistics -- Archaeology -- Cultural Anthropology -- Many Worlds -- Perspectives on Others -- Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism -- Words Matter -- Cultural Appropriation -- Anthropology as a Science -- Empirical Science -- Objective and Subjective Data -- The Western Scientific Method -- Nonempirical Science -- Why Study Anthropology? -- Chapter Summary -- 2 A Very Short History of cultural Anthropology -- On the Development of Western Scientific Thought -- A Natural Evolution -- The Emergence of Anthropology as a Discipline -- Unilinear Cultural Evolution -- Historical Particularism -- Functional/structuralism -- Diffusionism -- Multilinear Cultural Evolution -- Cultural Ecology -- Cultural Materialism -- Postmodernism -- Chapter Summary -- 3 Culture, Personality, and Worldview -- What Is Culture? -- What Is a Society? -- Functions of a Society -- Personality -- Perception and Cognition -- Elements of Personality -- What Is "Acceptable"? -- Worldview -- Cosmology -- Chapter Summary -- 4 Doing Cultural Anthropology -- Anthropological Methods -- Fieldwork -- Participant Observation -- Preparation for Fieldwork -- Once in the Field -- After Fieldwork -- Differing Viewpoints -- Chapter Summary -- 5 Anthropological Linguistics -- Descriptive Linguistics -- Historical Linguistics -- Sociolinguistics -- Some Other Linguistic Elements -- Writing -- Chapter Summary -- 6 Social Organization -- Kinship -- Families and Households -- Figuring Relatives -- Figuring Descent -- Descent Groups -- The Major Kinship Systems -- Marriage -- The Functions of Marriage.

Anthropology; Archeology; Social life; Customs; History; Asia; Madagascar; Islands of the pacific

Frontmatter --Contents --Preface --Acknowledgments --Textual Play, Power, and Cultural Critique: An Orientation to Modernist Anthropology /Manganaro, Marc --Frazer and the Elegiac: The Modernist Connection /Vickery, John B. --Sir James Frazer's The Golden Bough: A Reading Lesson /Roth, Marty --Out of Context: The Persuasive Fictions of Anthropology /Strathern, Marilyn --Irony in Anthropology: The Work of Franz Boas /Krupat, Arnold --The Politics of Ethnographic Authority: Race and Writing in the Ethnography of Margaret Mead and Zora Neale Hurston /Gordon, Deborah --Ruth Benedict and the Modernist Sensibility /Handler, Richard --Anthropology and Modernism in France: From Durkheim to the Collège de sociologie /Richman, Michèle --Anthropology, Literary Theory, and the Traditions of Modernism /Loriggio, Francesco --Marxism and the "Subject" of Anthropology /Sullivan, Robert --The Historical Materialist Critique of Surrealism and Postmodernist Ethnography /Webster, Steven --Afterword /Crapanzano, Vincent --Notes on Contributors --Bibliography --Index.

AbstractPreviously unpublished, "From the Body Politic to the National Interest" was presented at the Mellon Symposium in Historical Anthropology at California Institute of Technology in May 1987. We are publishing it in the Journal of Historical Sociology for the first time to honor Philip Corrigan's memory. The essay was an attempt to expand upon arguments in Philip Corrigan and Derek Sayer, The Great Arch: English State Formation as Cultural Revolution (1985) under two main rubrics: (1) "routines and rituals of rule" and (2) "regulated representations and the making of 'the' public." In both cases we went beyond our treatment of these topics in The Great Arch, to which this paper should be seen as a supplement.

Abstract The article reports the findings of a wide-ranging investigative study, designed to produce a 'snapshot' of Brazilian Biological Anthropology based on quantitative, qualitative, historical-documentary and bibliographic data. It includes excerpts from a series of interviews given by four Brazilian researchers who identify their area of work as Biological Anthropology, interspersed with other sources of information. These excerpts are organized into the following topics: (a) the peripheral status of Biological Anthropology within the wider field of anthropology in Brazil; (b) the relations between institutional affiliation and professional activity; and (c) the visibility of the area within the country and abroad. The aim is to provide a contribution, albeit preliminary, to a survey of the studies and discussions concerning the biological dimension of Anthropology in Brazil, in all its different aspects, especially the contemporary situation.