Suchergebnisse

In politikwissenschaftlichen Studien erscheinen Diplomaten häufig als Elemente in einem übergeordneten System zwischenstaatlicher Beziehungen. Der vorliegende Band betrachtet sie hingegen als eigenständige Akteure und stellt ihren konkreten Berufs- und Lebensalltag ins Zentrum einer ethnographischen Studie. In diesem Rahmen widmet er sich insbesondere der spezifischen Form internationaler Mobilität, die den diplomatischen Alltag prägt, und analysiert diese als eine Sonderform transnationaler Migration. Durch dichte Beschreibungen und lebendige theoretische Reflexionen bietet die Studie einen fundierten Einblick in diplomatische Lebenswelten.

608War and armed conflict — Use of force — Aggression — Crime in international law — Military action in Iraq in 2003 — Whether aggression — Whether justiciable in English courts — War crimes — Protesters taking action against military base — Damage to property — Whether capable of being justified as steps taken to prevent a crime of aggressionInternational criminal law — Aggression — Whether crime under international law — Absence of agreed definition of aggression — Whether absence of agreed definition indicating aggression not yet an international crime — War crimes — International Criminal Court Statute 1998 — Crimes under municipal law — Whether defendants' belief that action necessary to prevent international crimes a defence — Whether crimes under international law form part of municipal lawRelationship of international law and municipal law — Customary international law — Whether part of English law — Crimes under customary international law — Whether constituting crimes under municipal law of England — The law of England

668War and armed conflict — Use of force — Aggression — Crime in international law — Military action in Iraq in 2003 — Whether aggression — Whether justiciable in English courts — War crimes — Protesters taking action against military base — Damage to property — Whether capable of being justified as steps taken to prevent a crime of aggressionInternational criminal law — Aggression — Whether crime under international law — Absence of agreed definition of aggression — Whether absence of agreed definition indicating aggression not yet an international crime — War crimes — International Criminal Court Statute 1998 — Crimes under municipal law — Whether defendants' belief that action necessary to prevent international crimes a defence — Whether crimes under international law form part of municipal lawRelationship of international law and municipal law — Customary international law — Whether part of English law — Crimes under customary international law — Whether constituting crimes under municipal law of England — The law of England

632War and armed conflict — Use of force — Aggression — Crime in international law — Military action in Iraq in 2003 — Whether aggression — Whether justiciable in English courts — War crimes — Protesters taking action against military base — Damage to property — Whether capable of being justified as steps taken to prevent a crime of aggressionInternational criminal law — Aggression — Whether crime under international law — Absence of agreed definition of aggression — Whether absence of agreed definition indicating aggression not yet an international crime — War crimes — International Criminal Court Statute 1998 — Crimes under municipal law — Whether defendants' belief that action necessary to prevent international crimes a defence — Whether crimes under international law form part of municipal lawRelationship of international law and municipal law — Customary international law — Whether part of English law — Crimes under customary international law — Whether constituting crimes under municipal law of England — The law of England

IN RECENT YEARS THE LINKAGE BETWEEN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND NATIONS HAS GENERATED A VARIETY OF RESEARCH APPROACHES. CHARLES PENTLAND (1976: 621-59) HAS SUMMARIZED THESE LINKAGES INTO THREE PRINCIPAL APPROACHES. FIRST, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS CAN SERVE AS INSTRUMENTS OF NATIONAL POLICY. IN THIS KIND OF LINKAGE, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ARE EXAMINED PRIMARILY AS MEANS THAT STATES USE TO OBTAIN THEIR OWN NATIONAL GOALS. INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ARE IN EFFECT ANOTHER TOOL OF STATECRAFT-ALONG WITH THE TRADITIONAL MILITARY, ECONOMIC, AND DIPLOMATIC INSTRUMENTS-WHICH NATIONS POSSESS. SECOND, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS CAN ACT AS AUTONOMOUS INTERNATIONAL ACTORS - ABOVE AND BEYOND THE NATION-STATE SYSTEM. IN THIS CONTEXT, PREVIOUS RESEARCH HAS ASSESSED HOW FAR INTERNATIONAL AUTONOMY HAS GONE AND HOW FAR THESE ORGANIZATIONS HAVE CONTRIBUTED TO INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION. THIRD, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS CAN INTERCEDE AS "SYSTEMIC MODIFIERS" OF STATE BEHAVIOR. IN THIS LINKAGE, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ARE ANALYZED NEITHER AS INDEPENDENT ACTORS IN GLOBAL POLITICS NOR AS INSTRUMENTS OF POLICY FOR A PARTICULAR STATE. INSTEAD, RESEARCH IN THIS TRADITION EXAMINES THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS BEHAVIOR UPON STATE BEHAVIOR, RATHER THAN ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF STATE BEHAVIOR UPON INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AS IN THE FIRST LINKAGE. THE AIM IS TO ASSESS HOW FAR INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION ACTIVITIES AFFECT NATION-STATE BEHAVIOR.1

"There is a veritable cottage industry of books on humanitarian intervention (the use of military force to stop atrocities) and the vast majority favors the project. The Conceit of Humanitarian Intervention challenges this consensus by pointing up the strategic, legal, and ethical problems associated with it. The book also disputes the claim that humanitarian intervention, particularly as manifested in the doctrine of "The Responsibility to Protect," has become a universal norm that offers a comprehensive and effective solution to mass killing"--