Suchergebnisse

Ethnographie, Kulturgeschichte oder Folkloristik? Die staatssozialistische Version der Volkskunde als wissenschaftliche Disziplin war nicht einfach zu definieren. Zwischen einer systemübergreifend kompatiblen Grundlagenforschung und einer spezifisch staatssozialistischen Anwendungsorientierung oszillierte die Arbeit der beiden wichtigsten Institute der ostdeutschen und tschechischen Volkskunde der 1970er und 1980er Jahre: des Wissenschaftsbereichs Kulturgeschichte/Volkskunde des Zentralinstituts für Geschichte an der Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR und des Instituts für Ethnographie und Folkloristik an der Tschechoslowakischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten des wissenschaftlichen Wandels und der Arbeitsalltage der tschechischen und deutschen staatssozialistischen Akademie-Volkskunde ergaben sich aus den jeweiligen Traditionen und den zeitgenössischen Bezügen des Faches sowie aus den politischen Veränderungen seit Beginn der 1970er Jahre auf nationaler und internationaler Ebene. Es ergab sich für die Mitarbeiter beider Institute ein Perpetuum Mobile des Ressourcenwandels: Im wissenschaftlichen Bereich konnten Ressourcen über Forschungsaktivitäten zu politiknahen Themen erweitert werden, während mittels der verfügbaren Ressourcen in den Bereichen Politik und Öffentlichkeit aktiv dafür gesorgt werden konnte, dass gerade diese Themen ständig aktualisiert wurden. Nicht nur Erfolg und Scheitern der formell befugten Akteure, die Basis "im Plan" zu halten, lassen sich an konkreten Konflikten im Arbeitsalltag ablesen, sondern auch die jeweils aktivierten Ressourcen der Beteiligten. Daher bietet sich ein alltagsgeschichtlicher Zugang an. Mit Hilfe des transnationalen Vergleichs lassen sich system- wie national bedingte Charakteristika der wissenschaftlichen Arbeit im Staatssozialismus zwischen 1972 und 1990 herausarbeiten. ; Cultural Engineers. Social anthropology at the Academies of Sciences in the GDR and in Czechoslovakia 1972-1990 Mapping two state socialist versions of social anthropology is one of the tasks of this thesis. Providing insight into academia as an example for a state socialist work place the thesis furthermore adresses interdisciplinary discussions about the distribution of power under the conditions of late state socialism. The thesis concentrates on the Academy of Sciences for its prominent role in state socialist research, both in the GDR and in Czechoslovakia. Here, the German Wissenschaftsbereich Kulturgeschichte/Volkskunde with departments in Berlin, Rostock and Dresden, and the Czech Ustav etnografii a folkloristiku with departments in Prague and Brno, are of interest. Comparing the routines and conflicts that evolved after 1972 in these research institutes the thesis analyzes the working conditions of state socialist social anthropology in a non-university setting. Not only was the research of present or past folk cultures part of the work schedule. Another side of the coin was the implementation of cultural and social policies of the Communist Party. The study proves the strength of transnational comparison as a valid method for historiography and the strength of the model of resources as introduced by Mitchell Ash.

In recent years, trust has enjoyed increasing interest from a wide range of parties, including organizations, policymakers, and the media. Perennially linked to turbulence and scandals, the damaging and rebuilding of trust is a contemporary concern affecting all areas of society.Comprising six thematic sections, The Routledge Companion to Trust provides a comprehensive survey of trust research. With contributions from international experts, this volume examines the major topics and emerging areas within the field, including essays on the foundations, levels and theories of trust. It also examines trust repair and explores trust in settings such as healthcare, finance, food supply chains, and the internet.The Routledge Companion to Trust is an extensive reference work which will be a vital resource to researchers and practitioners across the fields of management and organizational studies, behavioural economics, psychology, cultural anthropology, political science and sociology

Recibido 27 de octubre de 2009 • Aceptado 02 de diciembre de 2009 • Corregido 05 de marzo de 2010 Para pensar en una propuesta educativa que enseñe a aprender, es necesario pensar en un cambio no sólo en lo educativo, sino, también, en lo político, económico, social, ecológico y cultural, entre otros; que permita una comprensión de la realidad y es aquí donde la construcción del conocimiento y el rol de las ciencias tienen un papel fundamental. Pero no debemos olvidar que el desarrollo de la ciencia ha estado marcado por la llamada ciencia positivista, la cual se caracteriza por interpretar los fenómenos y la forma cómo funcionan éstos por medio de teorías y leyes, en los que el contexto y el ser humano tienen un papel protagónico muy pobre, por no decir ninguno; a esto se le puede llamar el cientificismo, que ha permitido un desarrollo, incluso, sobre de las necesidades humanas. Pero, desde los 90s, se da un resurgimiento paulatino del humanismo en los campos educativos y se busca trabajar en la revalorización de lo humano, lo cual implica una serie de cambios en el plano epistemológico y metodológico que nos impulsa hacia nuevas formas de trabajar. Esto nos llama a reflexionar en alternativas trascendentales para la construcción del conocimiento, que superen la enseñanza tradicional de las ciencias, que sean amplias, sistemáticas, flexibles y enmarcadas en una cultura humanista. Algunos modelos de las nuevas tendencias son: investigación dirigida, aprendizaje por descubrimiento, aprendizaje por indagación y la enseñanza de las ciencias y las nuevas tecnologías. ; To think of an educational proposal that teaches how to learn, it is necessary to consider a change not only educationally but also political, social, economical, ecological, cultural, among others, to enable an understanding of reality and in which there can be a construction of knowledge and a crucial role of sciences. But we must not forget that the development of science has been marked by the so-called positivistic science that it is characterized by interpreting phenomena and how this function through theories and laws, where the context and humans have a very poor leading role, if any, to which one can call scientism, which has allowed development even above human needs. However, since the 90s, there is a resurgence of progressive humanism in the educational fields, where there is a search of a revaluation of what it is considered human, which involves a series of epistemological and methodological changes that drives us towards new ways of working. This calls us to reflect on extreme choices to build knowledge, beyond the traditional teaching of the sciences, which are comprehensive, systematic, and flexible and rooted in a humanistic culture. Some models of the new trends are: directed research, discovery learning, inquiry learning and teaching of science and new technologies.

Es común leer en la bibliografía especializada que la nación es construida tanto desde arriba como desde abajo, que es una idea y un proyecto pero también un sentimiento. Al mismo tiempo, se viene destacando cada vez más la importancia que tienen ciertos factores culturales en la construcción y reproducción del nacionalismo. Este artículo sigue estas líneas de reflexión y contribuye al debate sobre la nacionalización, enriqueciendo la perspectiva historiográfica con las aportaciones de los trabajos comparativos entre naciones desde una metodología cualitativa entre historia, sociología, antropología, psicología social y ciencias políticas. El objetivo es pensar desde los casos del Quebec y Cataluña los aspectos culturales del nacionalismo, los factores de nacionalización, la socialización y el rol de las prácticas culturales para entender un proceso clave del nacionalismo: la nacionalización. ; Sovint es llegeix a la bibliografia especialitzada que la nació és construïda tant des de dalt com des de baix, que és una idea i un projecte, però també un sentiment. Al mateix temps, es destaca cada cop més la importància que tenen certs factors culturals en la construcció i reproducció del nacionalisme. Aquest article segueix aquestes línies de reflexió i contribueix al debat sobre la nacionalització, tot enriquint la perspectiva historiogràfica amb les aportacions dels treballs comparatius entre nacions des d'una metodologia qualitativa entre història, sociologia, antropologia, psicologia social i ciències polítiques. L'objectiu és pensar des dels casos del Quebec i Catalunya els aspectes culturals del nacionalisme, els factors de nacionalització, la socialització i el rol de les pràctiques culturals per entendre un procés clau del nacionalisme: la nacionalització. ; Contemporary studies on nationalism emphasize that the nation is built both from above and from below. The nation is an idea and a project but also a national feeling. At the same time, the importance of cultural factors in the construction and reproduction of nationalism has been highlighted. Following this perspective, this article aims to collaborate in the debate on nationalization, enriching the historiographical perspective with the contributions of the comparative studies between nations without state from a qualitative methodology between History, Sociology, Anthropology and Political science. Taking into account the cases of Catalonia and Quebec, the main objective is to think about the cultural aspects of nationalism, the factors involved in the nationalization process, the socialization and the role of cultural practices to understand a key process of nationalism, that is to say nationalization.

Sovint es llegeix a la bibliografia especialitzada que la nació és construïda tant des de dalt com des de baix, que és una idea i un projecte, però també un sentiment. Al mateix temps, es destaca cada cop més la importància que tenen certs factors culturals en la construcció i reproducció del nacionalisme. Aquest article segueix aquestes línies de reflexió i contribueix al debat sobre la nacionalització, tot enriquint la perspectiva historiogràfica amb les aportacions dels treballs comparatius entre nacions des d'una metodologia qualitativa entre història, sociologia, antropologia, psicologia social i ciències polítiques. L'objectiu és pensar des dels casos del Quebec i Catalunya els aspectes culturals del nacionalisme, els factors de nacionalització, la socialització i el rol de les pràctiques culturals per entendre un procés clau del nacionalisme: la nacionalització. ; Contemporary studies on nationalism emphasize that the nation is built both from above and from below. The nation is an idea and a project but also a national feeling. At the same time, the importance of cultural factors in the construction and reproduction of nationalism has been highlighted. Following this perspective, this article aims to collaborate in the debate on nationalization, enriching the historiographical perspective with the contributions of the comparative studies between nations without state from a qualitative methodology between History, Sociology, Anthropology and Political science. Taking into account the cases of Catalonia and Quebec, the main objective is to think about the cultural aspects of nationalism, the factors involved in the nationalization process, the socialization and the role of cultural practices to understand a key process of nationalism, that is to say nationalization. ; Es común leer en la bibliografía especializada que la nación es construida tanto desde arriba como desde abajo, que es una idea y un proyecto pero también un sentimiento. Al mismo tiempo, se viene destacando cada vez más la importancia que tienen ciertos factores culturales en la construcción y reproducción del nacionalismo. Este artículo sigue estas líneas de reflexión y contribuye al debate sobre la nacionalización, enriqueciendo la perspectiva historiográfica con las aportaciones de los trabajos comparativos entre naciones desde una metodología cualitativa entre historia, sociología, antropología, psicología social y ciencias políticas. El objetivo es pensar desde los casos del Quebec y Cataluña los aspectos culturales del nacionalismo, los factores de nacionalización, la socialización y el rol de las prácticas culturales para entender un proceso clave del nacionalismo: la nacionalización.

Статья посвящена изучению трансграничного культурного пространства, выявлению содержания и механизмов трансграничного позиционирования Байкальского региона. В работе рассмотрено понятие «трансграничье», применяемое учёными различных сфер деятельности, изучены и проанализированы особенности трансграничья и её взаимодействия. В статье рассмотрены особенности, задачи, современные критерии оценки имиджевой привлекательности региона при создании имиджевой политики России. Выявлены механизмы и содержание трансграничного позиционирования, способствующие созданию органами власти имиджевой политики региона. В работе созданы и предложены такие бренды, как: бренд малых городов, культурные кластеры и культурно-туристические бренды. Создание культурных брендов направлено на стимулирование развития сферы культуры, а также экономическое, научно-техническое, социальное, инновационное развитие страны в целом. В статье выявлена необходимость интеграции усилий правительства Забайкальского края и министерств: международного сотрудничества, внешнеэкономических связей и туризма; образования, науки и молодёжной политики; культуры; спорта; территориального и экономического развития; природных ресурсов и промышленной политики Забайкальского края; СМИ по созданию, реализации и продвижению Стратегии имиджевой политики регионального развития, которая включает формирование «культурных индустрий, культурных брендов, оптимизацию стратегий культурной политики, бренд-культуры, бренд-планирования, методику оценки культурных брендов, разработку проектов по продвижения культурных брендов». Ключевые слова: трансграничье, трансграничное социокультурное пространство, трансгр ; The article is devoted to studying of cross-border cultural space, detection of the contents and mechanisms of cross-border representation of the Baikal region. The author studies concept of cross-border, different definitions this concept, analyzes features this subject. The article shows features, tasks, modern criteria of an assessment of image of attractiveness of the region in creation of image policy of Russia. The author presents mechanisms and the content of cross-border representation. The author creates such brand like the small cities brand, cultural clusters and cultural and tourist brands. Creation of cultural brands is directed on stimulation of development of the sphere of culture and economic, scientific and technical, social, innovative development of the country. The article reveals need of integration of efforts of the Government of Zabaikalsky region and Ministries: international cooperation, foreign economic relations and tourism; educations, science and youth policy; cultures; sport; territorial and economic development; natural resources and industrial policy of Zabaikalsky region; mass media on creation, realization and advance of Strategy of image policy of regional development, which includes formation of "the cultural industries, cultural brands, optimization of strategy of cultural policy, a brand culture, a brand planning, a technique of an assessment of cultural brands, development of projects to advance cultural brands.

Die Publikation beschäftigt sich aus postkolonialer Perspektive mit den Nachwirkungen der sowjetischen Dominanz auf zwei zuvor stark unter sowjetischem Einfluss stehende Kulturen: Kuba und Rumänien. Untersucht wird die Reaktion auf den Wegfall der Hegemonialmacht Sowjetunion anhand ihrer Inszenierung in Theater, Performance, Film, Video und Hörspiel seit 1989. Die vergleichende Recherche analysiert die Machtstrukturen in performativen Werken ausgehend von Theorien der Translation, die den Wandel der Rolle, der Darstellung und der Attribuierung des kulturellen Fremdbildes 'des Russen/der Russin' nach dem Zusammenbruch der Sowjetunion beleuchten. Die Analyse der Translationsprozesse erfolgt auf zwei Ebenen: zeitlich durch die Konstruktion eines kulturellen Gedächtnisses, und räumlich durch Identifikation über Hybridisierung. Der Fokus liegt auf der Frage, wie es den Inszenierungen gelingt zur Konstruktion, Reflexion und Transformation kultureller Wahrnehmungsmuster beizutragen. Die Lösungen reichen dabei von einer Inversion der Machtverhältnisse durch subversiven Humor, über eine nostalgische Sehnsucht bis zu einer Resolidarisierung durch Migration. Carola Heinrich studierte Romanistik, Italianistik und Kommunikationswissenschaft an der LMU München und der Universidad de la Habana. Sie promovierte in Romanistik an der Universität Wien und war im Rahmen der Dissertation auch am Institut für Kulturwissenschaften und Theatergeschichte (IKT) der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (ÖAW) tätig. Derzeit ist sie Oead-Lektorin am Lehrstuhl für deutsche Sprache und Literatur der Comenius Universität in Bratislava. Ihre Forschungsschwerpunkte umfassen Theater und Film in Kuba und Rumänien, Erinnerungskulturen und kulturelle Übersetzung.****************The publication deals with the aftermath of Soviet dominance from a postcolonial perspective on two cultures that were previously strongly influenced by the Soviet Union: Cuba and Romania. It examines the reaction to the disappearance of the Soviet Union's hegemonic power on the basis of its staging in theatre, performance, film, video and radio drama since 1989. The comparative research analyses the power structures in performative works based on theories of translation, which shed light on the change in the role, representation and attribution of the image of 'the Russian' after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Two variations of cultural translation are examined: a temporal translation through the construction of a cultural memory, and a spatial translation understood as identification through hybridization. The focus lies on the question of how the staging of the Russian contributes to the construction, reflection and transformation of cultural patterns of perception. The solutions range from an inversion of power relations through subversive humour, a nostalgic longing for past community to a resolidarisation through migration. Carola Heinrich studied Romance Philology, Italian Philology and Communication Science at LMU Munich and the University of Havana. PhD in Romance Philology from the University of Vienna. Associated with her doctoral research project at the Institute of Culture Studies and History of Theatre (Austrian Academy of Sciences). Currently working as a lecturer of the Austrian Agency for International Cooperation in Education and Research (OeAD) at the Comenius University in Bratislava. Her areas of research include contemporary theatre and film in Cuba and Romania, cultural memory and translation.

On April 25 and May 12, 2015, Nepal was hit by strong earthquakes with magnitudes of up to 7.8Mw (moment magnitude scale) and 7.3Mw. These disastrous events killed and injured thousands of people, and destroyed buildings and infrastructure. They also had a devastating effect on the rich cultural heritage in the area. Together with the vivid and recent urbanization processes, Nepalese heritage sites are under constant threat and their sheer existence is at risk. Among the many projects to support the people in Nepal, the "Nepal Heritage Documentation Project" (NHDP) focuses on the documentation of endangered historical monuments. It aims at developing and implementing the first comprehensive inventory of endangered monuments, especially monastic courtyards and arcaded resthouses. Based in Heidelberg and Kathmandu, NHDP is a truly collaborative effort. The team includes experts from a broad range of fields: architects and monument conservationists, historians, linguists and anthropologists, as well as IT and Digital Humanities specialists. During the documentation process, in-situ data as well as architectural and historical data are combined with aspects of the monument's cultural, religious, and social context. Overall, NHDP will document about 400 monuments within the first two years. The data form the basis for a new Open Access "Digital Archive of Nepalese Architecture and Monuments" (DANAM). Findings from the rich historical and anthropological research carried out during the last decades, provided by academic partners, completes individual records. DANAM is an implementation of the ARCHES platform, an open source management system for cultural heritage (jointly developed by Getty Conservation Institute and World Monuments Fund). It is a hybrid system based on the CIDOC-CRM ontology. NHDP hopes that its commitment to systematic documentation and data management, up-to-date standards of documentation, and Open Access will set the stage for sustainable preservation of monuments. Intense co-operations with Nepalese institutions, especially the Department of Archaeology of the Government of Nepal, will create a new cultural heritage repository designed specifically for the management, preservation and protection of national and communal heritage. In Germany, NHDP is formed through the cooperation of the Heidelberg Centre for Transcultural Studies (HCTS) and the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities (HAdW). In Nepal, the Saraf Foundation of Himalayan Traditions and Culture is the key project partner and representative. NHDP is also supported by an international network of partners, including the Kathmandu Valley Preservation Trust, i3mainz at the Mainz University of Applied Sciences, and UNESCO Nepal, among others. The project was made possible by a generous grant from the charitable British foundation Arcadia.

El artículo constituye un intento por dar cuenta de algunos tópicos que se encuentran desarrollados en Juventudes argentinas: prácticas culturales, ciudadanía y participación , y que contribuyen a ampliar dos grandes campos temáticos propios de las Ciencias Sociales. Por un lado, aparece la pregunta por la ocupación del espacio público y la configuración material y simbólica de dicho espacio; y por otro, la producción de subjetividades juveniles. Realizando un vaivén entre estos dos campos temáticos podemos ubicar ciertos tópicos que revisitan debates pendientes, desde una posición epistemológica y política precisa: el pasaje desde el discurso sobre lo juvenil a las voces de esos mismos jóvenes como protagonistas. Así, encontramos a jóvenes que producen relatos en torno a su vínculo con las nuevas tecnologías; con programas educativos; con modos de militancia estudiantil y ciudadanías; y con prácticas culturales y usos del cuerpo, entre otros temas. En las líneas finales, el texto invita a reflexionar acerca del carácter heterogéneo y situado de las juventudes, al mismo tiempo que se pregunta por cómo redefinir lo público al calor de las transformaciones políticas, económicas y sociales de los últimos años. Las Ciencias Sociales, como disciplina científica, se ven también interpeladas sobre el final. ; The article constitutes an attempt to account for some topics that are developed in Juventudes argentinas: prácticas culturales, ciudadanía y participación , and that contributes to expand two big thematic fields specific to the Social Sciences. On the one hand, the question of the occupation of public space and the material and symbolic configuration of that space appears; and on the other hand, the production of youthful subjectivities. Oscillating between these thematic fields we can locate certain topics that revisit pending discussions, from a precise epistemological and political position: the pasagge from the discourse on the youth to the voices of those same young people as protagonists. So, we find young people who produce stories about their link with new technologies; with educational programs; with modes of student militancy and citizenship; and with cultural practices and uses of the body, among other topics. In the final lines, the text invites to reflect on the heterogeneous and situated character of the youths, at the same time that asking how to redefine the public before the political, economic and social transformations of recent years. The Social Sciences, as a scientific discipline, are also questioned about the end. ; Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social

What some see as the ongoing collapse of English as a discrete discipline has been hastened along by postcolonial studies, but many have argued that this deconstruction has been true from the start, that literary studies in general "has speculated continually about the intellectual foundations within which its key questions are framed and which make it possible, and how things might be otherwise" (Moran 46). Robert Miklitsch for example, suggests that "literature . . . was once implicitly interdisciplinary, encompassing, as Hazlitt indicates, science as well as philosophy" (Miklitsch et al. 258). Nonetheless, writes David Glover, "whatever criteria one uses to identify the literary, it is clear that in recent years its semiotic destinations have become ever more uncertain. Enter cultural studies, stage left" (Miklitsch et al. 284). On cue, David Lloyd argues that "cultural studies represents the fulfillment rather than the displacement of literary study, a critical return to its fundamentals rather than its demise" (Miklitsch et al. 281). If we view postcolonial studies as a subset of cultural studies,1 we should not, though, be surprised by a certain level of discomfort as this and other transformative movements massage the body academic, since they change the way members of the discipline understand their proper function as scholars and teachers. As Barthes writes, "interdisciplinary studies . . . do not merely confront already constituted disciplines . . . [and] it is not enough to take a 'subject' (a theme) and to arrange two or three sciences around it" (72), since, according to Joe Moran, their motivating impulses "are characterized not so much by their longing for the authoritativeness of inclusive knowledge as by their uncertainty about how knowledge is formulated and how disciplines fit together" (81). This discomfort, advocates of disciplinary interconnectedness would assert, is a very good thing, since "it is better to be self-questioning than to carry on doing what we have always done for reasons of institutional practicality or intellectual inertia" (113). In any event, let us posit that literary studies in general, and English language literary studies in particular, has never been completely comfortable with itself, and that onslaughts from continental theory, talk of interdisciplinarity, and probings from cultural studies and postcolonial studies (along with identity politics and other social movements) have made English departments look with some trepidation at Classics departments and worry that, like them, they may be teetering on the brink of irrelevance.

Migrant Representations pairs twenty-four carefully selected histories in order to compare how migrants themselves - Irish labourer, Lithuanian refugee or Indian doctor - and their social investigators capture in words and images defining private and historical moments

"From 1368 to 1953, China's administrative divisions were mainly composed of counties, prefectures, and provinces. This book shows the population figures, density, and changes in the provincial population in China during this period and population figures of each major city and town and its proportion in terms of the provincial population during this period - the urbanization rate. Data in this book is drawn partly from historical sources and partly from statistical-model-based calculations. The book also includes provincial population maps in 1393, and their original statistical models, population databases, and metadata"--

Advances in Group Processes publishes theoretical analyses, reviews, and theory based empirical chapters on group phenomena. The series adopts a broad conception of 'group processes'. This includes work on groups ranging from the very small to the very large, and on classic and contemporary topics such as status, power, trust, justice, social influence, identity, decision-making, intergroup relations, and social networks. Previous contributors have included scholars from diverse fields including sociology, psychology, political science, economics, business, philosophy, computer science, mathematics, and organizational behavior. Volume 40 brings together papers that address theoretical and empirical issues in small groups and organizational research related to: The role of affect in shaping perceptions of the police and the predisposition to mass violence The shaping of prosocial behaviors (e.g., pro-environmental behaviors) by various social/societal factors, such as the shape and density of one's personal networks Differences in social status, its role in producing and sustaining social inequality and the unintended consequences of initiatives such as interventions designed to lessen status-based inequalities and level the playing field within the workplace. Reflecting a range of novel approaches from leading scholars in the field, this volume explores the relevance of group processes in analysing social status, iniquities and behaviors.

"Ethnographic research, anthropological theory, and the understanding of the objects of inquiry, are co-created through figuration (using tropes and rhetorical figures) and techniques of persuasion. Delving into descriptive ethnography and theoretical texts spanning across classical monographs and recent texts in cultural anthropology, Culture Figures places rhetoric and rhetoricity as central to the discipline's self-understanding. It focuses on how understandings of 'culture' and social life are shaped and conveyed in cultural anthropology through textual rhetoric. The book demonstrates how processes of using tropes and modes of persuasion underlie the creation of meanings or misunderstandings in society"--