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The job satisfaction of nurses is reflected in almost all organizational outputs of medical facilities. First-line nurse managers (FLNMs), who are directly related to subordinate nurses, have a great influence on this satisfaction. The aim of our paper is to examine the connection between communication skills and the transformation style of FLNMs management with the job satisfaction of nurses and to verify the influence of three moderators on the strength of this relationship. The chosen moderators—the practice of managing FLNMs, the degree of control (span of control) and psychosocial work—follow from theoretical studies. The moderating effect of the variable management practice is also significant from the point of view of Slovak legislation. The sample consisted of 132 FLNMs from five university hospitals in Slovakia. Data collection took place in the form of a questionnaire. All data were processed using the SPSS 24 software package. A series of regression analyzes were used to identify the proposed hypotheses. ANOVA analysis was used to analyze multiple dependencies. We worked at a 5% level of significance. The findings point to the strong direct effects of communication skills and the transformational leadership style of FLNMs on nurses' job satisfaction. Moderation effects are mild, but significant in the case of management and span of control practices. The lower values of both variables reinforce the positive relationships among the two predictors and the job satisfaction of nurses. The third moderator, psychosocial work factors, also have a significant moderating effect, which is negative, and the higher value of this moderator mitigates both positive direct effects.

The implementation challenge of ecosystem-based (fisheries) management (EB(F)M) has entailed calls for integrated governance (IG) approaches in the marine field. We arranged an expert workshop to study the preconditions and applicability of IG, and to suggest how IG could be arranged in practice. Focusing on the management of the dioxin problem shared by the herring and salmon fisheries in the Baltic Sea, and using a coupled 'insight network'- SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) methodology, we evaluated two scenarios: 1) IG of herring and salmon fisheries to benefit from collaboration between these fisheries that suffer from the same problem, and 2) IG between the fisheries sector and the food/public health sector to incorporate food safety in fisheries governance. Our results demonstrate that a variety of societal, political, institutional, operational, instrumental, and biological factors affect the applicability of IG in marine contexts, and work as preconditions for IG. While societal needs for IG were obvious in our case, as major challenges for it we identified the competing cross-sectoral objectives, path dependencies, and limitations of experts to think and work across fields. The study suggests that establishing an IG framework by adding new aspects upon the current governance structures may be easier to accept and adapt to, than creating new strategic or advisory bodies or other new capacities. Viewing IG as a framework for understanding cross-sectoral issues instead of one that requires a defined level and form of integrated assessment and management may be a way towards social learning, and thereby towards the implementation of more sophisticated, open and broad EB(F)M frameworks.

Building landscape resilience inspires the cultivation of the landscape's capacity to recover from disruption and live with changes and uncertainties. However, integrating ecosystem and society within such a unified lens—that is, socio–ecological system (SES) resilience—clashes with many cornerstone concepts in social science, such as power, democracy, rights, and culture. In short, a landscape cannot provide the same values to everyone. However, can building landscape resilience be an effective and just environmental management strategy? Research on this question is limited. A scoping literature review was conducted first to synthesise and map landscape management change based on 111,653 records. Then, we used the Nuozhadu (NZD) catchment as a case study to validate our findings from the literature. We summarised current critiques and created a framework including seven normative categories, or common difficulties, namely resilience for "whom", "what", "when", "where", "why", as well as "can" and "how" we apply resilience normatively. We found that these difficulties are overlooked and avoided despite their instructive roles to achieve just landscape management more transparently. Without clear targets and boundaries in building resilience, we found that some groups consume resources and services at the expense of others. The NZD case demonstrates that a strategy of building the NZD's resilience has improved the conservation of the NZD's forest ecosystems but overlooked trade-offs between sustaining people and the environment, and between sustainable development for people at different scales. Future researchers, managers, and decision-makers are thereby needed to think resilience more normatively and address the questions in the "seven difficulties" framework before intervening to build landscape resilience.

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji strategi manajemen konflik dalam upaya penyelesaian konflik politik, suatu tinjauan teoritis. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang didasarkan pada penelusuran terhadap sejumlah literatul dan paper rujukan yang berkaitan dengan strategi manajemen konflik dalam upaya penyelesaian konflik politik. Hasil kajian menunjukan bahwa konflik dapat terjadi karena adanya pertentangan antara apa yang diharapkan oleh seseorang terhadap dirinya, orang lain, organisasi dengan kenyataan yang terjadi. Ada beberapa penyebab konflik yaitu perbedaan kepribadian, penghambat komunikasi, pertentangan kepentingan, kelangkaan sumber daya, dan gaya administratif yang otokrasi. Ada beberapa strategi yang digunakan dalam menangani konflik termasuk konflik politik antara lain yaitu dengan strategi menghindar, mengakomodasi/ merangkul, kompetisi, kompromi atau negosiasi, dan memecahkan masalah atau kolaborasi dalam menyelesaikan masalah.Kata kunci: manajemen konflik, konflik politik.AbstractThis study aims to examine conflict management strategies in efforts to resolve political conflicts, a theoretical review. The approach used in this research is qualitative research based on tracing a number of literatures and reference papers related to conflict management strategies in efforts to resolve political conflicts. The results of the study show that conflict can occur because of a conflict between what a person expects of himself, other people, the organization and the reality that occurs. There are several causes of conflict, namely personality differences, communication barriers, conflicts of interest, scarcity of resources, and an autocratic administrative style. There are several strategies used in dealing with conflicts including political conflicts, including strategies to avoid, accommodate / embrace, competition, compromise or negotiate, and solve problems or collaborate in solving problems.Keywords: conflict management, political conflict.

During the past few decades, there has been a growing interest and need for logistics businesses to become more environmentally friendly in their operations, products and services. Summarizing scientific literature analysis, it could be stated, that Green logistics is defined as a good management practice that promotes the preservation of the environment and the application of green practices to mitigate the environmental impact of logistics operations by reducing CO2 emissions, noise, conserving natural resources, and so on. The aim of the article is to present a model for implementing green logistics principles. Research methodology includes comparative analysis and synthesis of scientific literature, modelling. The authors of the paper present theoretical model of green logistics principles implementation that takes into account of the stakeholders for green logistics principles application, green logistics initiatives and practices, stages of green logistics implementation, and finally implementing benefits. The application of the principles of green logistics in logistics companies is not only in the interests of the environment itself, but the need comes from the society, suppliers, national government and politicians, business partners and investors. Theoretical model depicts green logistics activities such as green transport, green packaging, green warehousing, green logistics data management, waste management, which represent a wide range of practices of application of green logistics principles. A company that has implemented green logistics principles would clearly benefit and improve its activity by improving the company's image, obtaining a financial return on investment, meeting government environmental requirements, increasing supply chain efficiency, reducing risk, improving investor and partner relations, and suppliers and consumers and increase their competitiveness in the market.

The European Union Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has failed to achieve its aim of preserving European farmland biodiversity, despite massive investment in subsidies to incentivise environmentally-beneficial farming practices. This failure calls into question the design of the subsidy schemes, which are intended to either function as a safety net and make farming profitable or compensate farmers for costs and loss of income while undertaking environmental management. In this study, we assess whether the design of environmental payments in the CAP reflects current knowledge about farmers' decision-making as found in the research literature. We do so on the basis of a comprehensive literature review on farmers' uptake of agri-environmental management practices over the past 10 years and interviews specifically focused on Ecological Focus Areas with policy-makers, advisors and farmers in seven European countries. We find that economic and structural factors are the most commonly-identified determinants of farmers' adoption of environmental management practices in the literature and in interviews. However, the literature suggests that these are complemented by – and partially dependent on – a broad range of social, attitudinal and other contextual factors that are not recognised in interview responses or, potentially, in policy design. The relatively simplistic conceptualisation of farmer behaviour that underlies some aspects of policy design may hamper the effectiveness of environmental payments in the CAP by over-emphasising economic considerations, potentially corroding farmer attitudes to policy and environmental objectives. We conclude that an urgent redesign of agricultural subsidies is needed to better align them with the economic, social and environmental factors affecting farmer decision-making in a complex production climate, and therefore to maximise potential environmental benefits.

The subject of the research is the peculiarities of trends in the growth of labor productivity in the sector of non–market services. The aim of the research is to analyze trends in labor productivity in the national economy, taking into account the impact at the macroeconomic level and determining the most significant factors in the sector of non–market services. Research methods. The work uses general and special methods: comparative analysis of trends; analysis and synthesis; analytical; system. Results. The current trends and dependences of labor productivity on structural and sectoral factors are analyzed in the article. Application area of results. Economics and National Economy Management; economic management at the sectoral, inter–sectoral and regional levels in the field of strategic planning of socio–economic development at the regional level in terms of state systems and mechanisms. Conclusions. Regardless of the regular crisis recessions of the national economy, labor productivity has a steady upward trend. This is due to the stable negative demographic factor of the decrease in the number of the available economically active population and the relatively acceptable level of роunemployment. At the same time, the low innovativeness of the economy and the insufficient share of GDP that is spent on capital investments, remains the negative factor. The government cannot actively influence labor productivity due to constant problems with the distribution of budget funds, their deficit and excessive growth of public debt. Because of this, even with direct government regulation in the field of non–market services, there is no stable example of effective productivity management.

This work was supported through the Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa (AESA), a funding, agenda-setting, programme management initiative of the African Academy of Sciences (AAS), the African- Union Development Agency (AUDA-NEPAD), founding and funding global partners and through a resolution of the summit of African Union Heads of Governments. ; The evolving nature of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has necessitated periodic revisions of COVID-19 patient treatment and discharge guidelines. Since the identification of the first COVID-19 cases in November 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) has played a crucial role in tackling the country-level pandemic preparedness and patient management protocols. Among others, the WHO provided a guideline on the clinical management of COVID-19 patients according to which patients can be released from isolation centers on the 10th day following clinical symptom manifestation, with a minimum of 72 additional hours following the resolution of symptoms. However, emerging direct evidence indicating the possibility of viral shedding 14 days after the onset of symptoms called for evaluation of the current WHO discharge recommendations. In this review article, we carried out comprehensive literature analysis of viral shedding with specific focus on the duration of viral shedding and infectivity in asymptomatic and symptomatic (mild, moderate, and severe forms) COVID-19 patients. Our literature search indicates that even though, there are specific instances where the current protocols may not be applicable ( such as in immune-compromised patients there is no strong evidence to contradict the current WHO discharge criteria. ; Publisher PDF ; Peer reviewed

This research was conducted to review and analyze the technical aspects of the law, especially in the approach of constitutional law and administrative law related to governance and accountability and responsibility in managing village funds and how efforts are made in the framework of prevention, especially the supervision aspect of minimizing the existence of village funds. Misuse and corruption in the use of village funds by village officials. This study uses a socio-legal method (doctrinal analysis of the law) using 3 (three) approaches, namely first, the conditional approach, which refers to the village fund management policy strategy, mainly related to the high cases of corruption in village funds; (2) statute approach, which refers to the system to legislation relating to the management of village funds; and (3) legal policy, which relates to government policies in terms of monitoring and preventing corruption in the direction of village funds. All stages in this research are carried out using a community service research scheme that has been determined by the research institution to be carried out by the Research Team in the field of constitutional law studies and administrative law. The focus of the research will be directed at structuring the relationship of authority between law enforcement agencies and the government, in this case, the Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus (APIP), in conducting supervision and law enforcement on the management of village funds. This is intended to obtain a model and policy framework for managing village funds free from criminal acts of corruption to realize the principles of transparency and accountability by the applicable laws and regulations.

Given the ambiguity on the current legal conditions within the Public System of Employment, it is not quite clear what the assessment for temporary appointed government officials should be like. Such obscurity has caused controversies among judicial criteria, as well as among different regulatory authorities of public employment. This paper argues that those controversies cause, in turn, uncertainty among those government officials appointed under temporary basis, as well as among those appointing officials in charge of assessing their job performance. However, such uncertainty is not only caused by the regulatory gap, but also because of the implementation of the New Public Management (NPM) approach. Within the present paper, the authors will argue that the aforementioned implementation (NMP) causes some discrepancies when implementing some inherent actions to the public employment management. ; Existe vaguedad respecto de la evaluación de los servidores públicos con nombramiento provisional en el sistema de empleo público vigente en Colombia, debido a que los criterios legales al respecto son ambiguos. Esta opacidad ha generado división de criterios judiciales, así como de los entes de regulación del empleo público. Este artículo argumenta que tal división genera incertidumbre entre las personas nombradas en provisionalidad, así como entre los funcionarios que tienen la función de nominadores y el deber de evaluar el rendimiento laboral. Tal incertidumbre se genera no solo por el vacío legal, sino además por el desarrollo de la teoría del nuevo management público (NMP). Argumentaremos que la aplicación del NMP genera inconsistencias en la aplicación de algunos aspectos propios de la gestión del empleo.

Penanganan sampah sangatlah penting untuk membantu pemerintah dalam menangani permasalahan sampah di Indonesia. Dengan adanya penanganan sampah ini masyarakat merupakan bagian dari upaya pemerintah untuk menjalankan Implementasi Kebijakan yang telah ditetapkan didalam Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Sidoarjo Nomor 6 Tahun 2012 Tentang Pengelolaan Sampah Dan Retribusi Pelayanan Kebersihan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui implementasi kebijakan penanganan sampah di Kecamatan Taman Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan deskriptif, dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teori yang digunakan untuk melakukan analisis adalah teori implementasi menurut Donald S. Van Meter dan Carl E. Van Horn dalam Widodo (2013), meliputi ukuran dan tujuan kebijakan, sumberdaya, karakteristik agen pelaksana, sikap/kecenderungan pelaksana, komunikasi antarorganisasi dan aktivitas pelaksana, lingkungan sosial ekonomi politik. Penanganan sampah di Kecamatan Taman masih perlu banyak perbaikan di dalam pelaksanaannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan adanya implementasi kebijakan penanganan sampah bertujuan agar daerah Jl. Bringin Bendo bebas dari sampah liar dan bau sampah yang dapat mengganggu lingkungan warga. Bertujuan untuk mendisiplinkan masyarakat agar tidak ada TPS yang ilegal dan tidak ada pencemaran tempat maupun udara. Saran penelitian ini adalah Pemerintah memberikan pendekatan terhadap masing-masing organisasi pelaksana untuk saling bertukar pendapat dalam mencapai tujuan bersama, Kata kunci: implementasi kebijakan, penanganan sampah, pemerintah Waste handling is very important to assist the government in dealing with waste problems in Indonesia. With this waste management, the community is part of the government's efforts to carry out the implementation of policies that have been stipulated in the Sidoarjo Regency Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2012 concerning Waste Management and Cleaning Service Retribution. The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of waste management policies in ...

Desa Wisata merupakan suatu terobosan bagi masyarakat di daerah untuk meningkatkan perekonomian, tata kelola Desa Wisata akan berjalan baik jika menerapkan manajemen publik dengan tepat, Manajemen publik diartikan sebagai aktivitas yang dilakukan dengan serangkaian keterampilan (skill) serta gabungan antara fungsi manajemen seperti Planning, Organizing, Actuating, Controlling dengan sumber daya manusia, keuangan, fisik, informasi, dan politik. Pertumbuhan sektor pariwisata di berbagai wilayah saat ini mulai meningkat, terutama didaerah pedesaan. Hal ini tidak terlepas dari kesadaran masyarakat desa untuk mengambangkan potensi wilayah yang mereka miliki, seperti halnya Desa Wisata Gronjong Wariti yang terletak di Desa Mejono Kecamatan Plemahan Kabupaten Kediri. Tetapi dalam implementasinya masih terdapat berbagai macam kendala seperti kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat akan pengembangan desa wisata, sarana dan prasarana yang kurang memadai seperti wifi dan perbaikan jalan (paving), serta kurangnya perhatian dari pemerintah daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan Manajemen Strategi Desa Wisata Gronjong Wariti Dalam Meningkatkan Perekonomian Desa Mejono Kabupaten Kediri. Pendekatan yang digunakan penulis dalam melaksanakan penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Sedangkan fokus penelitian ini menggunakan tahapan manajemen strategi menurut David, tentang perumusan strategi, implementasi strategi, dan evaluasi strategi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan penulis adalah observasi, wawancara,dan, dokumentasi. Kata Kunci: Manajemen Publik, Manajemen Strategi, Desa Wisata Tourism Village is a breakthrough for people in the area to improve the economy, Tourism Village governance will run well if it applies public management appropriately, Public management is defined as an activity carried out with a series of skills and a combination of management functions such as Planning, Organizing, Actuating and Controlling with human, financial, physical, information and political resources.The growth ...

Background: Community Clinics (CC) has been established to provide basic healthcare services at the doorstep of the community people in Bangladesh. Besides health care, government has taken a development program through CC to improve maternal health care with an aim to reduce the maternal mortality. This study was an attempt to find out the role of community women in the utilization and participation of CC management. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 32 randomly selected CCs from 16 randomly selected districts. A total of 63 service providers, 2238 service users (patients) and 3285 community members were included as the respondents of this study. For data collection respondents were interviewed face to face by using a pretested questionnaire. Results: The majority of the service providers of the CC were from the local community, and a higher proportion of them were female (52.4%). The providers provided healthcare services both in CC and at community level. A total of 2238 patients visited the 32 studied CCs per day for getting treatment and significantly a higher proportion of them were female (71.2%). Most of the patients (83.0%) expressed satisfaction with the services provided in the CCs and most of them were female (83.8%). Of the total 3285 respondents, 60.3% were the women from the catchment communities. The activities of the CC were known by all of them (98.3%) and they participated in the management of CC. Conclusions: The study revealed that because of utilization and participation in the management of CC, the women became an imperative person in the community, thus empowering them in healthcare development.

The evolution of migration policymaking across the Global South is of growing interest to International Relations. Yet, the impact of colonial and imperial legacies on states' migration management regimes outside Europe and North America remains under-theorised. How does postcolonial state formation shape policies of cross-border mobility management in the Global South? By bringing James F. Hollifield's framework of the contemporary 'migration state' in conversation with critical scholarship on postcolonialism, we identify the existence of a 'postcolonial paradox,' namely two sets of tensions faced by newly independent states of the Global South: first, the need to construct a modern sovereign nation-state with a well-defined national identity contrasts with weak institutional capacity to do so; second, territorial realities of sovereignty conflict with the imperatives of nation-building seeking to establish exclusive citizenship norms towards populations residing both inside and outside the boundaries of the postcolonial state. We argue that the use of cross-border mobility control policies to reconcile such tensions transforms the 'postcolonial state' into the 'postcolonial migration state,' which shows distinct continuities with pre-independence practices. In fact, postcolonial migration states reproduce colonial-era tropes via the surveillance and control of segmented migration streams that redistribute labour for the global economy. We demonstrate this via a comparative study of post-independence migration management in India and Egypt, which also aims to merge a problematic regional divide between scholarship on the Middle East and South Asia. We urge further critical interventions on the international politics of migration that prioritise interregional perspectives from the broader Global South.

Personnel is the main resource, potential, the basis for the formation of the entire state administration apparatus, and therefore play an important role. The quality of reforms, the quality of the public administration system, as well as the formation of a positive image of the state depend on the quality, professionalism, continuous development of personnel and human resources. The purpose of the article is to analyze the activities of the state in the context of protecting personnel security, depending on the quality of their regulation and control of corruption in the business environment. The research is based on theories of human resources' management in business environment development institutions and theories of public administration, which make it possible to form new knowledge about the integration of management control concepts into the practice of human resources' management. The results of the research can be used in public authorities. The formed regression equation of public administration efficiency is estimated depending on the quality of the regulatory environment and the level of the fight against corruption in countries with economies in transition with a high level of adequacy, and a corresponding analysis is carried out. The research takes place in the field of public administration and is aimed at protecting the business environment from the corruption component by developing personnel security. The author's contribution consists in a comprehensive analysis and systematization of data from various sources of information. In the course of the study, the method of theoretical research and systematization was used, which made it possible to form data in the most convenient way and draw appropriate conclusions.