Suchergebnisse

The use of decision support systems (DSS) allows integrating all the issues related with sustainable developmentin view of providing a useful support to solve multi-scenario problems. In this work an extensive review on theDSSs applied to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is presented. The main aim of the work is to provide anupdated compendium on DSSs in view of supporting researchers and engineers on the selection of the mostsuitable method to address their management/operation/design problems. Results showed that DSSs weremostly used as a comprehensive tool that is capable of integrating several data and a multi-criteria perspective inorder to provide more reliable results. Only one energy-focused DSS was found in literature, while DSSs based onquality and operational issues are very often applied to site-specific conditions. Finally, it would be important toencourage the development of more user-friendly DSSs to increase general interest and usability. ; This work is part of a research project supported by grant of the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) through the Research project of national interest PRIN2012 (D.M. 28 December 2012 n. 957/Ric – Prot. 2012PTZAMC) entitled "Energy consumption and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions in the wastewater treatment plants: a decision support system for planning and management – http://ghgfromwwtp.unipa.it" in which the first author is the Principal Investigator. In addition, some coauthors acknowledge the partial support of the Industrial Doctorate Programme (2017-DI-006) and the Research Consolidated Groups/Centres Grant (2017 SGR 574) from the Catalan Agency of University and Research Grants Management (AGAUR), from Catalan Government. ; Peer Reviewed ; Postprint (author's final draft)

The study aims to analyze and study the regional government's authority towards the sports facilities and infrastructure in Ternate City, North Maluku that covers implementation, planning in equipping, management and the utilization of sports facilities and infrastructure in Ternate City. It used a qualitative approach with ethnography design type of critical ethnography. The subject of the study was regional development, research, and development planning board (Bappelitbangda), Youth and Sports Office (Dispora), 8 districts, National Sports Community of Indonesia (KONI), Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and Regional Legislative Assembly (DPRD). The results of study are the authority of regional government towards the sport facilities and infrastructure is arranged under the regional regulation of Ternate City Number 39 of 2012 related to the Long-term Development Plan (RPJP), the implementation of the authority is not running well, the planning in equipping the facilities and infrastructure in Ternate City through Multi-Stakeholder Consultation Forum for Development Planning (Musrenbang) in sub-district, district, and city Management of sport facilities and infrastructure under the authorities of regional government that allocated through Provincial or District Government Budget (APBD) under the responsibility of Dispora, Facilities and infrastructure could be used by the society of Ternate city and the athletes. It can be concluded that the authority of regional government is arranged by Mayor, Dispora, District, Sub-district and society, the implementation of the authority is not running well yet, the planning in equipping is through Musrenbang, the management of facilities and infrastructure is partly managed by regional government, the society can utilized the sports facilities and infrastructure.

Introduction: Patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) frequently seek emergency care, and the emergency department (ED) may be their only point of contact with the healthcare system. While the ED visit has been increasingly recognized as providing opportunity for interventions around substance use, many questions remain. Methods: In December 2016 the Coalition on Psychiatric Emergencies (CPE) convened the first Research Consensus Conference on Acute Mental Illness, which consisted of clinical researchers, clinicians from emergency medicine, emergency psychiatry, emergency psychology, representatives from governmental agencies and patient advocacy groups. Background literature review was conducted prior to the meeting, and questions were iteratively focused, revised, voted on and ranked by perceived importance using nominal group method. Results: The main goal of the SUD workgroup was to identify research priorities and develop a research agenda to improve the early identification of and management of emergency department (ED) patients with SUDs with the goal of improving outcomes. This article is the product of a breakout session on "Special Populations: Substance Use Disorder." The workgroup identified with high consensus six research priorities for their importance related to the care of ED patients with SUDs in these overall domains: screening; ED interventions; the role of peer navigators; initiation of SUD management in the ED; specific patient populations that may impact the effectiveness of interventions including sociogenerational and cultural factors; and the management of the acutely intoxicated patient. Conclusion: Emergency providers are increasingly recognizing the important role of the ED in reducing adverse outcomes associated with untreated SUDs. Additional research is required to close identified knowledge gaps and improve care of ED patients with SUD.

Introduction:Knowledge regarding snakes and snake bites is important to reduce the incidence and complications following snake bites which are fairly common in tea gardens areas of Darjeeling.Objectives:The present study attempts to determine if the residents of the Kiran Chandra Tea Estate could identify the common snakes in their area, identify differences between poisonous and non poisonous snakes from their bites and to find out the usual practices regarding snake bite management in the study population.Materials and methods:: This descriptive study with cross sectional design was conducted in a convenience sample of 53 participants during May 2018 among the tribal population in Kiran Chandra Tea Estate using a Researcher Administered Questionnaire. Collected data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results:Among the 53 participants, 21 (39.6%) were Illiterate and the majority 40 (75.5%), were garden workers. The maximum number of participants 28 (52.8%) belonged to the above 40 years age group. Regarding identification of snake bite, 37.7% could not identify the signs and symptoms of poisonous snake bites. Only 26.4% were able to differentiate a poisonous snake bite from a non poisonous one. Fifty (94%) people thought application of a tourniquet proximal to the bite was important as First Aid. All the participants preferred using the snake stone immediately after the bite. Almost 60% preferred native / ayurvedic treatment over government hospitals.Conclusion:There is a paucity of knowledge on snake bites and its first aid management. A large section of the tribal community in the Kiran Chandra Tea Estate still prefer traditional methods of snake bite management instead of government facilities.

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah: pertama, bagaimana kebijakan pengelolaan sumber daya pertambangan berdasarkan undang-undang pertambangan mineral dan batubara? Kedua, bagaimana kebijakan pengelolaan sumber daya pertambangan perspektif masyarakat hukum adat yang berkeadilan ekologis? Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, pertama, kebijakan pengelolaan sumber daya pertambangan berdasarkan undang-undang pertambangan mineral dan batubara saat ini hendaknya disesuaikan dengan putusan-putusan mahkamah konstitusi dan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah dalam konteks perizinan. Pemerintah daerah provinsi sekarang ini mengambil alih kewenangan pemerintah kabupaten/kota untuk mengeluarkan izin tambang berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 tahun 2014 yang sebenarnya masih bersifat semi sentralistik dan secara kewilayahannya dalam konteks tambang masih berada di kabupaten, sementara pemerintah provinsi sebagai wakil dari pemerintah pusat; kedua, Kebijakan pengelolaan sumber daya pertambangan perspektif masyarakat hukum adat yang berkeadilan ekologis terletak pada konsep kearifan masyarakat hukum adat dalam pengelolaan sumber daya alam, dalam hal ini tambang yang menjadi hak penguasaan negara. Terdapat hubungan timbal balik antara manusia dengan alam, dimana masyarakat hukum adat selalu menempatkan keseimbangan alam dalam pengelolaan lingkungan (participerend cosmisch), sehingga keadilan ekologis dapat dirasakan semua unsur alam, selain manusia.The problems in this paper are: first, what are the mining resource management policies based on mineral and coal mining laws? and second, how is the mining resource management perspective of the ecological justice community indigenous people? This research method uses normative legal research with the classification of secondary data including primary legal materials including legislation in the fields of mineral and coal mining, environmental protection and management, and regional ...

There is need to respond to the plight of the Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) amidst the growing number of calls for concerted efforts and better management. This can be facilitated through collaboration among the agencies responsible for the management of IDPs. The government of Nigeria and indeed Borno state government lacked the capacity to wholly manage the IDPs, hence, the need for the NGOs to assist the government in that regard. The study assesses the effect of collaboration among agencies in the management of the IDPs in Borno state. The obligatory humanistic theory was used in the study. The study adopted survey method and both primary and secondary data were used. The questionnaire, Interview, and Focus Group Discussion were used to obtained primary data. The study population is 2018 consisting of government officials, NGOs, and IDPs. The sample size of the study was 349 respondents; 333 government officials and 16 NGOs. Multi-staged sampling technique was used in selecting the sample. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis of the data obtained. ANOVA and chi-square were used to test the hypotheses. The study found out that inter-agency collaboration effort has significantly reduced the outbreak of disease in IDPs camps in Maiduguri. The IDPs have access to child and maternal cares services and all barriers to accessing quality healthcare services have been eliminated in camps in Maiduguri. The study concludes that inter-agency collaboration has been effective in the provision of healthcare services to IDPs in Borno state. The study, therefore, recommends among others that agencies should work out modality to ensure improved referral healthcare system.

Over the last few decades a variety of geoarchaeological methods and ethnoarchaeological and experimental approaches have demonstrated the fundamental importance of animal dung deposits for reconstructing past human life-ways. Through simultaneous examination in micromorphological thin-section and integrated phytolith and faecal spherulite analyses, this study provides direct evidence for animal management and organisation of space at Neolithic Çatalhöyük by examining livestock penning deposits across the settlement. The identification of new extensive areas of penning distributed within the boundaries of the early occupation of the site suggests greater proximity to and management of herds immediately prior to a phase of settlement expansion, access to wider networks and resources, and increased exploitation of the wider landscape. Phytolith assemblages from in situ dung accumulations also provide new insights into foddering/grazing practices showing highly variable herbivorous regimes, including both dicotyledonous and grass-based diets with an important proportion of grasses used as fodder and/or grazing during the early occupation of Çatalhöyük. This study provides direct evidence of the proximity of humans and herds, continuity and change in animal management strategies and farming practices, and concepts of space at the site. ; The study was carried out within the framework of the Çatalhöyük Research Project, the John Templeton Foundation Grant Consciousness and Creativity and the Dawn of Settled Life: The Test-case of Çatalhöyük (award No 52003), and EU Horizon 2020 MICROARCHEODUNG project. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No H2020-MSCA-IF-2015-702529. ; Peer reviewed

BACKGROUND: Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited and complex multifactorial disease that can lead to early onset of coronary artery disease (CAD). Diagnosis, treatment, and management of FH require a well-trained physician with high awareness of the disease and different risk factors to avoid complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study evaluated family physicians' awareness and knowledge of FH using self-administered questionnaires in governmental hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during 2018. RESULTS: A total of 225 family physicians completed the questionnaire, with a response rate of 58.4%. The mean age of respondents was 31.3 years and more than 59.1% were men. Although 72.4% of physicians rated their familiarity with FH as average and above, 48.4% of all participants had poor FH knowledge, while only 51.6% had acceptable FH knowledge. About 65.8% of physicians reported that they routinely take a detailed family history, perform a physical examination, and screen close relatives. Awareness of various clinical algorithms for diagnosis of patients with FH was very low at 52.0%. The mean FH knowledge and familiarity scores were significantly higher (P < 0.001) among participants who were older, had higher training levels, or longer years in practice. CONCLUSIONS: The current study revealed significant deficits in FH familiarity, awareness, knowledge, and practice among Saudi physicians. FH educational programs directed at all physicians involved in FH patients' management are necessary to improve physicians' knowledge of all aspects of FH management, including the importance of a mechanism for identifying people at risk for a genetic condition by a process of systematic family tracing.

The government issued Minister of Health Regulation No. 35 of 2014 concerning Pharmacy Standards at the Pharmacy to serve as guidelines for pharmacist practice in carrying out professional duties to protect the community from Services. The purpose of this study is to find out the evaluation of the standard implementation of pharmaceutical services at the Tegal City Regional Pharmacy in 2018. This research is a descriptive quantitative analysis research. The source of the primary research data and tools in this study is a questionnaire sheet. Research Results from the Management Aspects of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Pharmacy Health Supplies in the City of Tegal Has carried out the management of Pharmaceutical Preparations with Good Category, as well as the Aspects of Pharmacy Resource Management in terms of the presence of Pharmacists and Medical Personnel, but there is less to the presence or absence of pharmacists at the Pharmacy. The aspects of facilities and infrastructure in providing a closed space for counseling can only be said to be sufficient. Aspects of Clinical Pharmacy Services are said to be lacking for monitoring drug therapy, monitoring drug side effects, and home care1. From the aspect of evaluation of service quality, recording medication records is said to be lacking. Whereas the quality of clinical services is also said to be good for attention to allergies, pharmaceutical examination of drugs, and examination of drug availability, but lack of attention to dual medications and contraindications. As well as in the dimension of waiting time, drug service is said to be sufficient.Keywords: Pharmacy, Pharmacy Service, Permenkes No. 35 of 2014

Health Operations Assistance fund management for improving maternal and child health in particular in K1 – K4 is not optimal, Because most of the management of BOK funds are used for supporting activities and public health efforts, in this case the central government assistance to local governments to support the operation of Puskesmas in the framework of the achievement of health programs National priorities, in particular preventive promotive activities as part of public health efforts. This research is a qualitative study with a case study approach. The informant in this research includes the head of Public health service, head of Puskesmas and midwife of Kordinator as key informant. Data collection is done by the method of interview indepth. The findings in this study are the 4 main problems of human resources limitation, especially in the management of health operations assistance and increase the coverage/activities of maternal and child health in each area of Puskesmas, Workload of human Resources health care which is not comparable to the number of resources, is limited to the health operational assistance for the financing of activities and the delay of health operations assistance for liquids. This is due to reports of late health clinics. Based on the results of the analysis of Urgency, Serious and Growth (USG), and Strategies Planning Matrix (QSPM) obtained the priority of alternative proposed operational policy recommendations to increase the scope of K1-K4 on maternal and child health program: proposed Alternative recommendation is selected BOK's fund allocation policy in particular for KIA, the proposal for routine activities of GEMPOR S2 policy (completion of the report 1 Hour 1 day).

Promocijas darbs ir salīdzinošs pētījums par valodu mijiedarbību augstākajā izglītībā Igaunijā un Latvijā tieši nacionālajās universitātēs, t. i., Tartu Universitātē un Latvijas Universitātē. Pētījums ir veikts trīs savstarpēji saistītos, bet atsevišķi analizējamos līmeņos, ko ieviesis B. Spolskis (Spolsky 2004, 2009): 1) valodas pārvaldība, 2) valodas prakse un 3) valodas pārliecība jeb ideoloģija un attieksme. Pirmkārt, valodas pārvaldības analīze ir balstīta valsts un institūcijas politikas dokumentos, kuros tiek aprakstīta valoda augstākajā izglītībā. Otrkārt, analizējot valodas praksi augstākās izglītības iestādēs, ņemti vērā dati, kas iegūti no intervijām ar studentiem. Treškārt, valodas ideoloģija un attieksme, t. sk., uzskatu kopums par valodu, ir noteikti gan valodas pārvaldībā, gan praksē. Atslēgas vārdi: valodas politika, augstākā izglītība, valodas ideoloģija, valodas attieksme, valodas lietojums, daudzlīmeņu politika, internacionalizācija ; The dissertation investigates the interplay of languages in higher education comparatively in Estonia and Latvia, focusing particularly on the national universities, i.e. the University of Tartu and the University of Latvia. Research is carried out from three interrelated, but separately analysable perspectives suggested by Spolsky (2004, 2009): 1) language management, 2) language practices, and 3) language ideologies and attitudes. Firstly, the analysis of language management is based on state-authored and institution-authored policy documents that discuss language in higher education. Secondly, the analysis of language practices in the institutions of higher education is based on data from interviews with students. Finally, language ideologies and attitudes, i.e. sets of beliefs about language, are identified both in management efforts and language practices. Keywords: language policy, higher education, language ideologies, language attitudes, language practices, multilayered policy, internationalisation

Die bestehenden Infrastrukturen von Städten und Kommunen unterliegen einem permanenten Entwicklungsund Veränderungsprozess. Treiber dafür sind in Hamburg das Wachstum der Stadt, die ungebremste Versiegelung der Oberflächen und der Klimawandel. Während in der Vergangenheit die Ableitung von und der Schutz vor Wasser durch die Kommune im Vordergrund standen, geht es in der Zukunft um die Bewirtschaftung von (Regen-)Wasser als kommunale und interdisziplinäre Gemeinschaftsaufgabe von allen Gruppen der Gesellschaft: u.a. Verwaltung, Stadtentwässerung, Bürger, Industrie und Politik. Hamburg Wasser stellt im Rahmen des Aufgabengebiets der Stadthydrologie den mess- und rechentechnischen, kommunikativen und wissensbasierten Rahmen für einen ganzheitlichen Ansatz, der Niederschlag und Verdunstung, Oberflächen, Gewässer, Kanalisation, Abfluss, Böden und Versickerung sowie Grundwasser als hydrologische Einheit auffasst. So wird ein zukunftsfähiger Umgang mit Regenwasser (z.B. Umsetzung des RISA-Strukturplans 2030 (2015)) und ein partizipatives und volkswirtschaftlich mögliches Starkregenrisikomanagement in der Praxis unserer Städte möglich. Paradigm shift in stormwater management of growing cities: Existing infrastructures of cities and municipalities are subject to permanent development and change. Drivers in Hamburg are the growth of the city, the unrestrained sealing of surfaces and climate change. While municipalities have in the past mainly been aiming for the drainage of and the protection against water. The future demands for a shift to a more sustainable municipal and interdisciplinary co-operation. It is a common task of all groups of society: a.o. administration, utilities, citizens, industries and politics. With its Urban Hydrology team Hamburg Wasser offers the knowledge-based framework with measuring, simulation and visualisation technology for the necessary holistic approach, taking precipitation and evaporation, surfaces, waters, sewers and drains, soils and infiltration as well as groundwater as one hydrological unit. This way it becomes possible to put a sustainable and future oriented stormwater management into practice (e.g. implementation of RISA Structural Plan Rainwater 2030) and to achieve a participatory and economic stormwater risk management for our cities.

Although there have been a variety of studies on waste classification management, there are few studies on how governments can effectively publicize waste classification knowledge in order to enhance citizen participation. Government publicity may be the key to the effective implementation of waste classification management in China. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of government publicity, consumer attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and consumer knowledge on consumers&rsquo ; willingness to classify waste in the process of waste management in China. The methodology used for the study included data collected from a survey conducted among citizens from four cities in China, the extended theory of planned behavior model and a moderating effect analyses using the statistical software Amos17.0 and SPSS 22.0, utilizing structural equation modeling, hierarchical regression, and the interpretation of the results. The results show that government publicity has a significant positive impact on consumer attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. The positive effect of consumer attitudes and perceived behavioral control on waste classification intentions are significant. Consumer knowledge plays a significant role in moderating the effect of perceived behavioral control on waste classification intentions. The findings of this study are of great significance to government and public decision-making. The results strongly suggest that the government should vigorously publicize the knowledge of waste classification at the initial stage of implementation of waste classification. Furthermore, a detailed distinction between types of consumers and the role of personal values in the implementation of waste classification is considered as a direction of future research.

The study group of freshwater decapods established within the Italian Association of Freshwater Ichthyologists aims at improving knowledge on the biology of both native and alien freshwater crayfish, shrimps, and crabs which currently inhabit Italian lentic and lotic waters, promoting at the same time the establishment of a network of experts that guarantees an adequate spread of correct useful and usable information, not only for management activities by the local and national competent authorities, but even by non-experts. The group deals with taxonomy, systematic, zoogeography, ecology, ethology, physiology, anatomy, genetics, conservation (of natives) and management (of aliens) of freshwater decapods in Italy. Our main aim is to update the status of freshwater decapods within the national territory, useful for monitoring programs on these species and the habitats where they inhabit. It is necessary to study all the aspects of this order because many species represent an ecological (as a keystone species), fauna (some taxa are interesting peninsular endemisms), biogeographical (the Whole order includes peculiar models of dispersion, migration and vicariance) and evolutionary (there are stimulating case studies of adaptive radiation phenomena linked to a specific ecological value) heritage. Also from an applied perspective, freshwater decapods have a peculiar double aspect linked to the conservation of aquatic environments: on the one side some species can be considered as valuable biological indicators, but on the other side many alien species are reported to be invasive and their management is mandatory, according to the new European and Italian legislations, and should be ecologically, economically and culturally examined to evaluate their effects on environment, human activities and health.

During my research, I have studied the relationships of the organizational development and the managerial functions at a specific governmental agency, the police. The police carry out official activities, but also provide a service which essentially assumes two types of contact systems and modes of management. To meet the demands of the citizens and to ensure the effectiveness of the organization, it is necessary to develop the managerial methods applied at the police, on the one hand, and to use certain parts of the organizational development, on the other hand. The police organization has changed significantly after the integration of the Police and Border Guards. The complexity of the structure and the anomalies in the work load, as well as several researches conducted by myself directed my attention to elaborate an organizational development method that can be applied to the current organization, while it improves the operation of the organization. The police's operation and its organizational structure are determined by the laws, thus changing the structure of the organization is placed within relatively narrow limits. The police managers have the soft parts such as human resource development, skills, and management style at their disposal to develop the organization, but their use is isolated and they are not for a long term. The present article aims to present the set-up model related to the organizational development of the police, elaborated by myself, in terms of the leadership and the management styles, whose long-term use may contribute to the efficiency of the operation.