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"This book presents an analysis of the male supremacist ideology of the Internet-based subculture known as the manosphere and examines the process of radicalization to violent extremism that occurs within the group. The manosphere is the online subculture comprised of several distinct groups who share a basic gender ideology that is misogynistic and anti-feminist in the extreme. The manosphere celebrates a toxic hegemonic masculinity that encourages sexual violence and portrays violence as an understandable response to a feminized culture that denigrates manhood. Evidence has shown that several recent cases of murder, mass murder, and rape involved offenders who participated in this subculture prior to engaging in their crimes. Through the use of quotes gathered directly from the websites and message boards frequented by individuals within the subculture, this book offers an in-depth analysis of the ideology of the manosphere, and the common attitudes, values, and beliefs promoted within the various groups that comprise the subculture. It will also present a theoretical perspective that may shed light on what draws men to these groups and the processes by which they become radicalized to the far right and violent extremism. This book will be of interest to scholars and students in criminology, sociology, and political science, and others interested in examining the manifestation and effects of the manosphere on crime and criminal justice"--

"Just as World War II transformed the United States into a global military and economic superpower, so too did it forge the gun country America is today. After 1945, war-ravaged European nations possessed large surpluses of mass-produced weapons, and American entrepreneurs seized the opportunity to buy used munitions for pennies on the dollar and resell them stateside. A booming consumer market made cheap guns accessible to millions of Americans, and rates of gun ownership and violence began to climb. Andrew C. McKevitt tells the history of this gun boom through the dynamics of consumer capitalism and Cold War ideology, the combination of which resulted in a vast number of Americans arming themselves to the teeth and centering their political identity on their guns. When gun control legislation emerged in the 1960s, many Americans, accustomed to the unregulated postwar bounty of cheap guns and fearful of Soviet invasion, domestic subversion, and urban uprisings, fiercely challenged it. Meanwhile, gun control groups were diverted from their abolitionist roots toward a conciliatory, fundraising-focused strategy that struggled to limit the stockpiling of firearms. Gun Country recasts the story of guns in postwar America as one of Cold War and racial anxieties, unfettered capitalism, and exceptional violence that continues to haunt us to this day"--

Intro -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- List of Figures -- 1 Introduction -- References -- 2 Disparities and Diversification: Feminists in Europe Study War and/or Militaries -- Introduction -- Vital Caveats: 'IR Scholarship,' 'On War and Militaries,' 'Within Europe'? -- Militaries -- Militarism and Militarization -- Military Masculinities -- Fighting Women -- Military Families -- War -- Everyday War -- Counterinsurgency -- Conflict-Related Sexual Violence -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- 3 Feminist Security Studies in Europe: Beyond Western Academics' Club -- Introduction -- What, Where, and Who Is Feminist Security Studies? -- What is Missing? -- European Feminist Security Studies: Theories, Methodologies, Issues -- Issues and Silences -- Theories and Methods -- Concluding Thoughts -- References -- 4 Feminist Peace Research in Europe: A Snapshot -- Introduction -- Feminist Engagements with/for Peace -- A Mapping of Feminist Peace Research in Europe -- Centers of Excellence and the Production of Feminist Peace Research -- Leveraging the WPS Agenda in Peacebuilding: Negotiations, Sexual Violence, and Hybridity -- Conclusion -- References -- 5 Feminist Scholarship in Europe on the Politics of International Migration -- Introduction -- Critical Feminist Interventions in Migration Studies -- Border (In)securities and Sovereignty -- Conflict and Displacement: Determining Inclusive Refugeehood -- The Politics of Intimacy and Belonging -- Global Relations of Labor and Care -- Conclusion -- References -- 6 Feminist International Political Economy in Europe -- Introduction -- Capitalism and Neoliberalism: Connecting Discourses, Policies, and Everyday Implications -- Analyzing International Development Discourses and Organizations -- Reflexive Exercises on the Governance of Neoliberalism and Development and Feminists.

International Relations and International Law continue to be accented by epistemic violence by naturalizing a separation between law and morality. What does such positivist juridical ethos make possible when considering that both disciplines reify a secular (immanent) ontology? International Law, Necropolitics, and Arab Lives emphasizes that positivist jurisprudence (re)conquered Arabia by subjugating Arab life to the power of death using extrajudicial techniques of violence seeking the implementation of a "New Middle East" that is no longer "resistant to Latin-European modernity", but amenable to such exclusionary telos. The monograph goes beyond the limited remonstration asserting that the problmatique with both disciplines is that they are primarily "Eurocentric". Rather, the epistemic inquiry uncovers that legalizing necropower is necessary for the temporal coherence of secular-modernity since a humanitarian logic masks sovereignty inherently being necropolitical by categorizing Arab-Islamic epistemology as an internal-external enemy from which national(ist) citizenship must be defended. This creates a sense of danger around which to unite "modern" epistemology whilst reinforcing the purity of a particular ontology at the expense of banning and de-humanizing a supposed impure Arab refugee. This book will be of interest to graduate students, scholars, and finally, practitioners of international relations, political theory, philosophical theology, and legal-theory.

International Relations and International Law continue to be accented by epistemic violence by naturalizing a separation between law and morality. What does such positivist juridical ethos make possible when considering that both disciplines reify a secular (immanent) ontology? International Law, Necropolitics, and Arab Lives emphasizes that positivist jurisprudence (re)conquered Arabia by subjugating Arab life to the power of death using extrajudicial techniques of violence seeking the implementation of a "New Middle East" that is no longer "resistant to Latin-European modernity", but amenable to such exclusionary telos. The monograph goes beyond the limited remonstration asserting that the problmatique with both disciplines is that they are primarily "Eurocentric". Rather, the epistemic inquiry uncovers that legalizing necropower is necessary for the temporal coherence of secular-modernity since a humanitarian logic masks sovereignty inherently being necropolitical by categorizing Arab-Islamic epistemology as an internal-external enemy from which national(ist) citizenship must be defended. This creates a sense of danger around which to unite "modern" epistemology whilst reinforcing the purity of a particular ontology at the expense of banning and de-humanizing a supposed impure Arab refugee. This book will be of interest to graduate students, scholars, and finally, practitioners of international relations, political theory, philosophical theology, and legal-theory.

Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Introduction to Equality -- The Nature of Equality -- What This Work Sets Out to Do -- Ethics and Morals and Committees -- Ancient Injunctions -- Types of Equality -- Chief Seattle -- Economic Equality -- Topics -- Abuse -- Climate Change and Politics -- Colonialism -- Corruption & -- Open-Ness -- Excellence -- Factors in Equality -- Globalisation -- Income -- Industrial Consequences -- Lovelock & -- Darwin -- Marxism -- Migration -- People Smugglers -- Personal Privacy -- Population Growth -- Precepts Change Over Time -- Race and Power -- Slavery -- Social Equality -- The British Empire -- UN Reference to 'Mankind' -- Utopias -- Violence -- Women -- Conclusions -- Chapter 2: Physical Matters -- Introduction -- Ancient Injunctions -- Theorists -- Malthus -- Darwin -- Lovelock -- Hobhouse -- Health Accounts -- Topics -- Aesthetics -- Climate -- Maps -- Media -- Personal Finances -- Population Control Policy -- Racism -- Statistics -- Technological Solutions -- Education and Legislation -- Conclusions -- Chapter 3: Psychological Approaches -- Introduction -- Psychological Bases of Behaviour -- The Ecstatic Phenomenon -- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs -- The Phi Phenomenon -- Cross Cultural Aspects -- Time Has Two Aspects -- Fashions in Science -- Topics -- Altruism and Prisoner's Dilemma -- Applications -- Empathy -- Excellence -- Gurus -- Human Relations -- Personal vs Public Interests -- Violence -- Conclusions -- Chapter 4: Personality -- Introduction -- Approaches to Personality -- General Theorists -- Tests Not Yet Devised -- Legislation to Ban -- Aspects of Personality Approaches -- Assumptions -- Etiquette -- Formal Testing -- Psychopathy -- Mental Illness as a Criminal Defence -- Approaches -- Political Rectitude -- Religion and Secular Approaches -- Habit and William James.

Front Matter -- Dedication -- Copyright page -- Acknowledgements -- Notes on Contributors -- Social Sciences at the Crossroads: Introduction /Björn Wittrock and Shalini Randeria -- Forms of Being -- What Can We Learn from Insect Societies? /Raghavendra Gadagkar -- What Does it Mean to Be Human? Who Has the Last Word: Sociologists, Biologists, or Philosophers? /Alan Ryan -- What Is It to Be Human? A Unified Model Suggests History Will Have the Last Word /Christina Toren -- Forms of Theorizing -- Sociological Individualism /Peter Hedström -- Norms as Social Facts /Steven Lukes -- Forms of Believing -- Political Secularity in India before Modern Secularism. A Tentative Overview /Rajeev Bhargava -- Violence Affirmed: V.D. Savarkar and the Fear of Non-violence in Hindu Nationalist Thought /Jyotirmaya Sharma -- The Future of Christianity /Hans Joas -- Rethinking Democracy in Its Global Contexts -- From Local Universalism to Global Contextualism /Shmuel N. Eisenstadt -- Democracy for the 21st Century: Research Challenges /Gustaf Arrhenius -- Democracy Disrupted. The Global Politics of Protest /Ivan Krastev -- Rethinking Disciplinary Divides -- Embracing Uncertainty /Helga Nowotny -- Rethinking Biomedicine /Vinh-Kim Nguyen -- Manifesto for the Social Sciences /Craig Calhoun and Michel Wieviorka -- Rethinking the University -- The Modern University in Its Contexts. Historical Transformations and Contemporary Reorientations /Björn Wittrock -- The University in the Twenty-First Century: Teaching the New Enlightenment at the Dawn of the Digital Age /Yehuda Elkana -- Back Matter -- Index of Names.

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- Preface -- Introduction. Gender: a globalized category of public policy and knowledge production -- Gender: history of an international agenda -- Intellectual and political debates about bureaucratic co-optations of gender -- Reconfigurations and negotiations: differentiated appropriations of gender in historically situated contexts -- Contrasting terrains, shared concerns -- Organization of the book: gender expertise -- politicization and mobilization -- bureaucratic and economic diversion of gender -- Notes -- References -- PART I -- Expertise -- 1 Gender as a transnational socialization platform (Eastern Europe, 1990-2000s) -- East-European "pioneers" of gender: a sample survey -- Academics, activists, and experts: interconnected and fluid positions -- Institutionalizing gender, confusing feminism -- Conclusion -- Appendix: outline of sample-making (events) -- Notes -- References -- 2 Becoming gender expert: trajectories and strategies in Tajikistan -- Trajectories of gender experts -- Why become a "gender expert?" -- Resistance to gender and strategies of experts -- Holding on despite inequalities and authoritarian regime -- Notes -- References -- 3 Cosmopolitanism and feminism -- Cosmopolitanism and feminism -- Restructuring international women's rights activism in Geneva: from the United Nations to bourgeois cosmofeminism -- The dichotomization of the space of international feminist activism -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- PART II -- Mobilization and politicization -- 4 Violence against women and (de-)colonization of the "body-territory": from war to neoliberal extractivism in Guatemala -- Guatemala: a long history of violence in the struggle for territory.

"Machiavelli is rarely discussed in depth by philosophers working in what is commonly called 'continental philosophy, ' but which with more accuracy might be called post-Heideggerian philosophy. Likewise, few scholars working on Machiavelli attempt to engage post-Heideggerian philosophy. Both tendencies, Brian Harding believes, are lamentable, since many of the problems that engage major figures in the continental tradition also engaged Machiavelli: themes such as the relationship between violence, religion and politics; the origin or foundations of authority; the relationship between philosophy and politics; and the critique or overcoming of Platonism. He suggests that a careful reading of Machiavelli in dialogue with at least some post-Heideggerian philosophers (Heidegger himself, Jacques Derrida, and René Girard) will shed more light on these themes than either Machiavelli or those post-Heideggerian philosophers could in isolation. His book is an attempt at exactly such cross-pollination. Instead of looking at Machiavelli from the usual standpoint of political philosophy, it concentrates on such topics as Machiavelli's discussion of the debate about the world's eternity, the roles of fortune and God in human affairs, sacrificial violence, and the consequences of believing that the world is eternal. But instead of examining these topics from a historical perspective, Harding examines the interplay between Machiavelli's work and the ideas of contemporary European thinkers."--

Religious terrorism accounted for 66% of all deaths from terror attacks in 2013. Using religion as a trump-card for justification of violence has increased sharply since 2000, significantly overtaking political and nationalist separatist movements. There has, however, been no serious attempt to understand how peace can be offered as an alternative product to violence, if it was handled by commercial marketers. If a presidential candidate, sportsperson, detergents or banking services can be marketed, can peace be marketed too? This book argues that social marketing, which uses commercial marketing principles for social good, may make a significant contribution to encouraging peace.The book unearths the subconscious metaphorical frames utilised by Christians in their conceptualisations of Muslims in the US, and vice versa, through a two-fold approach. Firstly, ethnographic field-work is used to gain the trust of the community and to understand the lived-in experience of community members in their natural social setting. Secondly, the Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique (ZMET) is adopted as a tool to discern the metaphorical lens that Christians and Muslims use to view each other.The study suggests how this metaphorical lens of framing may help in designing more effective interventions that would fundamentally alter the mechanism of 'contact' between rival majority and minority religious groups in conflict.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- Notes on contributors -- List of abbreviations -- Introduction -- PART I Ideocracy: Term and concept -- 1 "Ideocracy": A sketch of the history of a concept -- 2 Ideocracy, or the birth of violence out of detrivialized morale -- 3 Ideological self-limitation in ideocracies -- 4 Legitimation, co-optation, and repression in ideocracies: A rational choice perspective -- 5 Do ideocracies constitute a distinct subtype of autocratic regimes? -- PART II Ideocratic regimes in history and the present day -- 6 Legitimation and repression in the Soviet state (1917-91) -- 7 Legitimation, co-optation, and repression in Fascist Italy -- 8 Legitimation, co-optation, and repression in the National Socialist regime -- 9 Legitimation, repression, and co-optation in the German Democratic Republic -- 10 Fine-tuning legitimation, co-optation, and repression in the People's Republic of China -- 11 Ideocratic legitimation in North Korea: Its history and challenges -- 12 Political rule in revolutionary Cuba between legitimation, co-optation, and repression -- PART III Ideocracies in comparison -- 13 The legitimizing role of palingenetic myth in ideocracies -- 14 Legitimation through performance? Output legitimacy in autocratic regimes -- 15 Characteristics of the integration of elites and citizens in ideocracies -- 16 National Socialist and Communist violence compared: A contribution to the research on repression and oppression in ideocracies -- 17 Results -- Index.

From violence and abuse within family units, to communities and regions torn apart by inter-group conflict and wars among nations, the human condition is rife with turmoil. The consequences of this seemingly perpetual strife weigh heavily on humanity, often creating feelings of powerlessness and hopelessness that only serve to breed more conflict and violence. In the face of these monumental challenges, initiatives for peace struggle to take root. Seeking effective ways to encourage these efforts, the United Nations adopted three declarations on the eve of the 21st century, including the "Declaration on a Culture of Peace" that broadly defines what the vision looks like and the actions necessary to build cultures of peace. Taking up this central challenge of our time, this volume of collected essays presents multiple perspectives on the critical issues of peace and conflict resolution that pervade the globe, addressing the UN's charge to develop "values, attitudes, modes of behavior and ways of life conducive to the promotion of peace among individuals, groups, and nations." Bringing together scholars and practitioners from fields including education, sociology, criminology, political science, and peace studies, this work constructively engages the task of creating peace and fostering hope in a conflict-ridden world.

Intro -- SOCIOLOGY AND PSYCHOLOGY OF TERRORISM -- SOCIOLOGY AND PSYCHOLOGY OF TERRORISM -- LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: MINDSETS OF MASS DESTRUCTION∗ -- NEW TYPES OF POST-COLD WAR TERRORISTS -- New Forms of Terrorist-Threat Scenarios -- Chapter 2 INTRODUCTION -- Chapter 3 TERMS OF ANALYSIS -- DEFINING TERRORISM AND TERRORISTS -- TERRORIST GROUP TYPOLOGIES -- Chapter 4 APPROACHES TO TERRORISM ANALYSIS -- THE MULTICAUSAL APPROACH -- THE POLITICAL APPROACH -- THE ORGANIZATIONAL APPROACH -- THE PHYSIOLOGICAL APPROACH -- THE PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH -- Chapter 5 GENERAL HYPOTHESES OF TERRORISM -- FRUSTRATION-AGGRESSION HYPOTHESIS -- NEGATIVE IDENTITY HYPOTHESIS -- NARCISSISTIC RAGE HYPOTHESIS -- Chapter 6 THE PSYCHOLOGY OF THE TERRORIST -- TERRORIST MOTIVATION -- THE PROCESS OF JOINING A TERRORIST GROUP -- THE TERRORIST AS MENTALLY ILL -- THE TERRORIST AS SUICIDAL FANATIC -- Fanatics -- Suicide Terrorists -- TERRORIST GROUP DYNAMICS -- Pressures to Conform -- Pressures to Commit Acts of Violence -- Terrorist Rationalization of Violence -- THE TERRORIST'S IDEOLOGICAL OR RELIGIOUS PERCEPTION -- Chapter 7 TERRORIST PROFILING -- HAZARDS OF TERRORIST PROFILING -- SOCIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TERRORISTS IN THE COLD WAR PERIOD -- A Basic Profile -- Age -- Educational, Occupational, and Socioeconomic Background -- General Traits -- Marital Status -- Physical Appearance -- Origin: Rural or Urban -- Gender -- Males -- Females -- Characteristics of Female Terrorists -- Practicality, Coolness -- Dedication, Inner Strength, Ruthlessness -- Single-Mindedness -- Female Motivation for Terrorism -- Chapter 8 CONCLUSION -- TERRORIST PROFILING -- TERRORIST GROUP MINDSET PROFILING -- PROMOTING TERRORIST GROUP SCHISMS -- HOW GUERRILLA AND TERRORIST GROUPS END.

Gender and family studies of the Holocaust : the development of a historical discipline / Judith Tydor Baumel -- Motherhood under siege / Dalia Ofer -- "We're all well and hoping to hear the same from you soon--" : the story of a group of families / Irith Dublon-Knebel -- 1943 : the flight from home / Lidia Sciama -- "Camp families" in Ravensbrück and the social organization of Jewish women prisoners in a concentration camp / Judith Buber Agassi -- The persecution and murder of German and German-Jewish women between 1933 and 1945 / Barbara Distel -- Racialised gender, gendered race and gendered-racialised academia : female-Jewish anthropologists in Vienna / Herta Nöbauer -- (Re)-interpreting stories of sexual violence : the multiple testimonies of Lucille Eichengreen / Kirsty Chatwood -- Nazi differentiations mattered : ideological intersections of sexualized violence during national socialist persecution / Helga Amesberger, Brigitte Halbmayr -- Social base of racial othering in Nazi society : the racial community and women's agency in denunciatory practices / Vandana Joshi -- Sophie Scholl : an exploration of a young woman's courage in Nazi Germany / Annette Dumbach -- Jewish political prisoners in Ravensbrück concentration camp / Rochelle G. Saidel -- Gender as a factor in rescuers of Jews during the Holocaust / Eva Fogelman -- Past and present in my mother's Holocaust memories / Esther Hertzog -- Gender, identity and family in the European Holocaust film : the Jewess as virgin and whore / Esther Fuchs

"Tolerance is generally regarded as an unqualified achievement of the modern West. Emerging in early modern Europe to defuse violent religious conflict and reduce persecution, tolerance today is hailed as a key to decreasing conflict across a wide range of other dividing lines-- cultural, racial, ethnic, and sexual. But, as political theorist Wendy Brown argues in Regulating Aversion, tolerance also has dark and troubling undercurrents. Dislike, disapproval, and regulation lurk at the heart of tolerance. To tolerate is not to affirm but to conditionally allow what is unwanted or deviant. And, although presented as an alternative to violence, tolerance can play a part in justifying violence--dramatically so in the war in Iraq and the War on Terror. Wielded, especially since 9/11, as a way of distinguishing a civilized West from a barbaric Islam, tolerance is paradoxically underwriting Western imperialism. Brown's analysis of the history and contemporary life of tolerance reveals it in a startlingly unfamiliar guise. Heavy with norms and consolidating the dominance of the powerful, tolerance sustains the abjection of the tolerated and equates the intolerant with the barbaric. Examining the operation of tolerance in contexts as different as the War on Terror, campaigns for gay rights, and the Los Angeles Museum of Tolerance, Brown traces the operation of tolerance in contemporary struggles over identity, citizenship, and civilization."