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The global market economy creates a number of threats to the world community, including in connection with human activities that negatively affect climate change, the state of nature, including flora and fauna, land and water resources, etc. This is also stated in the Report on Global Risks presented at the World Economic Forum in January 2020. In the modern domestic and foreign economic literature, the concepts of sustainable development are developed taking into account environmental constraints, both in theoretical and practical terms, which emphasize the preservation of natural balance, biodiversity, and the formation of an environmentally sustainable society. There are also diverse areas of research on nature management, but they usually focus on applied issues of nature research and the use of its benefits. The authors propose to systematically consider the development of society as anthropogenicoriented, involving three target areas: economic well-being, socio-political wellbeing and environmental well-being. But the implementation of these directions is possible, according to the authors, only under the condition of an adequate legal nature and society of the institutional environment and effective public and state control. The methodological basis of the theory of the formation of the ecologicalsocio-economic type of development is the synthesis of political economy and institutionalism. The empirical basis was the research experience of one of the authors (a Turkish citizen), who has been working for several years on the topic «The political economy of climate change and the environment in Turkey: sustainable development, privatization and energy policy». The article has a theoretical and methodological orientation, suggesting recommendations of a fundamental nature.

Purpose: The paper proposes that public sector organizations facing institutionalized reform pressure may not only integrate the reform into their operation when it fits but also pace the integration while undergoing organizational cultural transformations to fit with the reform. The newly cultivated cultural characteristics, nonetheless, need to be compatible externally with the ideational basis of the reform and internally with existing values and beliefs embodied by the organizations. Design/methodology/approach: Building on a neo-institutionalist perspective, the paper develops a model which considers the possibilities and conditions that local cultural change in the reforming organizations may facilitate reform integration. To test the model's analytical potential, the paper analyzed reform responses of semi-autonomous agencies from Denmark, the Netherlands and Sweden under the New Public Management (NPM) reform. Ordinary least square (OLS) regression models were performed on the survey data collected from agency heads (or representative) during the peak of the reform trend. Analyzing this sample of later adopters whose government generally enjoyed high degrees of capacity and autonomy provided a preliminary test to the model's potential. Findings: Significant statistical relations were found between the adoption of operation-level NPM practices and the extent that an agency's cultural characteristics fit with both the ideational basis of NPM and the exiting value-belief mix the agency embodied. Agency characteristics of "proactive responsiveness" and "goal-oriented cooperation" were found significantly related to adoption of NPM practices, showing the possibility of cultivating local cultural changes in reforming organizations. Originality/value: While compatible with neo-institutionalist emphasis on local continuity, the paper describes an alternative scenario of reform integration for public managers.

As governments and primary industries work to build the climate resilience of Australian agriculture, individual producers are often called upon to implement strategies to become more adaptive in the face of drought. These strategies include infrastructural changes to agricultural businesses, changes to practices, and the adoption of new skills and knowledge. The transition towards greater drought adaptiveness will also demand broader cultural shifts in the way that drought is defined and approached as an issue facing primary producers. This paper presents the results of a discourse analysis conducted as part of social research exploring the cultural barriers to drought preparedness within the Queensland Government's Drought and Climate Adaptation Program (DCAP). Focusing on media and government accounts, the analysis found two different ways of framing drought and its management in Queensland agriculture. The first, which is dominant in media accounts, emphasises the disruptive power of drought, presenting it as a profound difficulty for producers that is managed using endurance, hope and ingenuity. This frame adopts highly evocative discursive strategies oriented towards mobilising community sentiment and support for producers. The second, which is less prominent overall, downplays drought's disruptive power and counters the emotionality of the adversity discourse by presenting drought as a neutral business risk that can be managed using rational planning skills and scientific knowledge. In discussing these two frames, this paper suggests strategies whereby drought adaptation frames might be made more powerful using more meaningful and emotive narratives that showcase it as a vital practice for ensuring agricultural livelihoods and rural futures in a changing climate.

ABSTRACK This study seeks to reveal the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) in the political competition in Bali in 1999-2019. The change in the power system from the New Order to the Reformation has resulted in significant changes in the political system. At the local political level in Bali there is a shift in political power. Previously, during the New Order era, political power was controlled by Golkar, now it has begun to shift to the PDI-P. The problems discussed in this study are (1) how was the PDI-P's role in political competition in Bali from 1999-2019 (2) Why PDI-P managed to emerge as a competitor in political competition in Bali (3) What was the competition from the success of the PDI -P emerged as the dominant party in Bali. This study uses historical theory, especially historical explanations and historical cause and effect as well as theoretical assistance from social science, namely Leadership from Antonio Gramsci. The results show that throughout the post-New Order election, PDI-P managed to emerge as the dominant party in Bali from 1999-2019. The success of the PDI-P to emerge as the dominant party in Bali is inseparable from the success of the PDI-P in utilizing the symbolic capital of the past as Soekarno's party, the PDI-P has also succeeded in building a system of alliances with various community groups that provide political support, and the PDI-P has succeeded in reforming the system. party organization. this had implications for the success of the PDI-P in realizing the party's agenda. Keywords: PDI-P, Election, Political Competition, Domination

The Covid-19 outbreak forced many governments to enter a nationwide lockdown. The aim of this study was to evaluate, by means of a survey, changes in sleep parameters and physical activity characteristics of elite track and field athletes in three periods: before the lockdown (T0), during the lockdown (09th March – 03rd May 2020, T1) and the first month after the lockdown (T2). This study was conducted from May 2020 to June 2020 and data were collected using an offline survey with 89 elite track and field athletes (mean age: 24.7±5.4; n = 43 males; n = 46 females). The survey consisted of demographic data and questions on physical activity and sleep behavior at T0, T1 and T2. Athletes reported lower sleep quality scores at T1 compared to T0 and T2 (p < 0.0001) and registered delayed bedtime, wake-up time and longer sleep latency during the lockdown compared to pre-lockdown and post-lockdown whereas no changes in total sleep time were reported. No inter-group differences were detected in sleep characteristics between short- and long-term disciplines and between genders. The weekly training volume decreased from 16.1±5.7 hours at T0 to 10.7±5.7 hours at T1 (p < 0.0001) whereas no significant differences were detected in training volume during the lockdown in relation to the square footage of the house (p = 0.309). Alcohol (p = 0.136) and caffeine intake (p = 0.990) and use of electronic devices (p = 0.317) were similar pre-, during, and post-lockdown. The unprecedented circumstances of the Covid-19 pandemic had negative impacts on the Italian track and field athletes' sleep and training volumes.

Interoperability has proven to be key for the digitalization of public administrations. It can help to improve public services while saving time, reducing costs and increasing transparency. It has also been recognized as crucial to overcome societal challenges, such as climate change, housing, health, energy efficiency and urban mobility. Yet interoperability implementation is complex and context sensitive. In order to support the Member States of the European Union, the European Commission has been developing European Interoperability Frameworks since 2004. The most recent European Interoperability Framework dates from 2017 and is currently being revised. Building upon research expertise of the authors and their participation in the development of proposals for new interoperability frameworks for the European Commission, the objective of this reflection article is twofold: 1) to propose changes in the definition of interoperability and additions to both the layers and principles of the 2017 EIF and 2) to provide an overview for non-European scholars on the latest developments around the 2017 EIF framework. A revised version of the interoperability definition, the addition of co-creation as a principle together with a cultural interoperability layer, and a cross-cutting layer of Skills and Competencies would facilitate an alignment of the revised framework with the recently developed interoperability frameworks. Considering these revisions could help to decrease fragmentation among the different efforts conducted by the European Commission. Finally, by sharing these latest developments regarding the EIF as well as the developed proposals with a Latin American audience, the authors aim to support the exchange of experiences between Europe and Latin American.

Introduction: Nordic countries face societal challenges for which social innovation may represent solutions. The aim of this scoping review is to explore the concept of social innovation within the research contexts of higher education, ealthcare, and welfare services. Method: A scoping review methodology was used, including a literature search and the identification of eligible studies published between 2007 and 2019, in addition to data extraction and synthesis. Forty-three studies were included in this review. Results: Across the research contexts, social innovation is conceptualized as a set of novel, creative, human-centred, and value-driven processes aiming to bring about change. Qualitative research methods dominate social innovation research. In welfare services, social innovation concerns the relationship between policy and praxis, new forms of leadership and management, and the promotion of societal inclusion and cohesion. Social innovation in healthcare comprises the use of technology to digitalize service, enhance patients' well-being, and improve service quality. In higher education, social innovation research focuses on educational reforms involving non-profit stakeholders. Discussion: Social innovation is a multifaceted concept related to change at the organizational or societal level, often with various stakeholders working together to create improvements. The lack of a common definition and framework of social innovation makes this concept difficult to measure or quantify, reflecting the dominance of qualitative research methods in the selected research contexts. Across these research contexts, social innovation can be defined and used for various research purposes, which are often political and value-based, with the latter connected to the common good and people's well-being. Moreover, few social innovation studies have been performed in Nordic countries.

Burgess, J. Peter, Laura Centemeri & Sezin Topçu (2021) 'Conclusion: Disaster recovery and the repairing perspective—between theory and practice', in Burgess, J. Peter, Centemeri, Laura & Topçu (Drs.) Repairing Environments: A Critical Perspective on Recovery After Disaster, London: Routledge: 222-232. ; International audience ; The chapter clarifies how the approach to the study of post-disaster situations based on the exploration of multiple and diverse repairing processes is propitious to a cross-fertilization between disaster studies and current theoretical debates in social sciences. This dialogue is essential, on the one hand, to allow a better understanding of disasters as expression of multiple systemic crises, including climate change, financial instabilities and the crisis of democratic legitimacy. On the other hand, these debates can feed the 'sociological imagination' of the field of disaster studies and contribute to developing the inclusive potential of policies aimed at supporting collective capacities of prevention, preparedness and response to disasters. In return, the dialogue between disaster studies and the theoretical perspectives currently developed in social sciences can help to clarify and test the operability of approaches otherwise condemned to remain just a paper exercise. In particular, the authors discuss the articulation of the reparative perspective with the systemic perspective that focuses on the interconnectedness of disasters, economic interests, globalization, financialization and the ongoing dynamics of colonialism. In the final section, building on the debate about how to transform urban planning to meet climate change challenges, the authors discuss the perspective of design activism against 'defuturing' as a way to renew the understanding of recovery.

National audience ; Beyond its indisputable success as a financial niche, the concept of "green finance" exhibits several inconsistencies that reflect tensions with the current rules of financial capitalism and question the potential of green finance to engineer and sustain societal change. However, the interaction between the development of green finance, the pressures from civil society (that underlie changes in societal values), and the validation through tax and regulatory policies, holds a real potential for green transformation. Green finance brings a threefold contribution through that interaction: measure and communication of impacts; standardization of approaches, criteria and instruments; progressive normalization of green investment principles. Yet, taxation and regulation play a crucial role in validating these evolutions and introducing supportive incentives. ; En dépit d'incontestables succès de niche, le concept de finance verte présente plusieurs zones de flou et incohérences qui soulignent les tensions avec les règles de fonctionnement du capitalisme financier et amènent à relativiser son potentiel de transformation de l'économie et de la société. Cependant, l'interaction entre le développement de la finance verte, les pressions de la société civile (qui font évoluer les valeurs de la société et instaurent de nouvelles normes), ainsi que les politiques réglementaires et fiscales (qui valident ces évolutions), peut soutenir la dynamique de transformation verte. La finance verte y contribue dans trois domaines : la mesure et la communication des impacts ; la standardisation des approches, des critères et des instruments ; la normalisation progressive de nouveaux principes d'investissement. Mais la fiscalité et la réglementation jouent aussi un rôle déterminant pour ancrer ces changements et créer les incitations adéquates.

BackgroundThe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused myriad health, social, and economic stressors. To date, however, no known study has examined changes in mental health during the pandemic in the U.S. military veteran population.MethodsData were analyzed from the 2019-2020 National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study, a nationally representative, prospective cohort survey of 3078 veterans. Pre-to-peri-pandemic changes in psychiatric symptoms were evaluated, as well as pre-pandemic risk and protective factors and pandemic-related correlates of increased psychiatric distress.ResultsThe prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) positive screens increased from pre- to peri-pandemic (7.1% to 9.4%; p < 0.001) and was driven by an increase among veterans aged 45-64 years (8.2% to 13.5%; p < 0.001), but the prevalence of major depressive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder positive screens remained stable. Using a continuous measure of psychiatric distress, an estimated 13.2% of veterans reported a clinically meaningful pre-to-peri-pandemic increase in distress (mean = 1.1 standard deviation). Veterans with a larger pre-pandemic social network size and secure attachment style were less likely to experience increased distress, whereas veterans reporting more pre-pandemic loneliness were more likely to experience increased distress. Concerns about pandemic-related social losses, mental health COVID-19 effects, and housing stability during the pandemic were associated with increased distress, over-and-above pre-pandemic factors.ConclusionsAlthough most U.S. veterans showed resilience to mental health problems nearly 1 year into the pandemic, the prevalence of GAD positive screens increased, particularly among middle-aged veterans, and one of seven veterans experienced increased distress. Clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

BackgroundThe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused myriad health, social, and economic stressors. To date, however, no known study has examined changes in mental health during the pandemic in the U.S. military veteran population.MethodsData were analyzed from the 2019-2020 National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study, a nationally representative, prospective cohort survey of 3078 veterans. Pre-to-peri-pandemic changes in psychiatric symptoms were evaluated, as well as pre-pandemic risk and protective factors and pandemic-related correlates of increased psychiatric distress.ResultsThe prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) positive screens increased from pre- to peri-pandemic (7.1% to 9.4%; p < 0.001) and was driven by an increase among veterans aged 45-64 years (8.2% to 13.5%; p < 0.001), but the prevalence of major depressive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder positive screens remained stable. Using a continuous measure of psychiatric distress, an estimated 13.2% of veterans reported a clinically meaningful pre-to-peri-pandemic increase in distress (mean = 1.1 standard deviation). Veterans with a larger pre-pandemic social network size and secure attachment style were less likely to experience increased distress, whereas veterans reporting more pre-pandemic loneliness were more likely to experience increased distress. Concerns about pandemic-related social losses, mental health COVID-19 effects, and housing stability during the pandemic were associated with increased distress, over-and-above pre-pandemic factors.ConclusionsAlthough most U.S. veterans showed resilience to mental health problems nearly 1 year into the pandemic, the prevalence of GAD positive screens increased, particularly among middle-aged veterans, and one of seven veterans experienced increased distress. Clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

Policy relevance is the raison d'être for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), yet few studies have analysed what the concept entails, not least from the perspective of key target groups for the IPCC. We present a framework which enables analysis of how different actor strategies (heating up and cooling down) contribute to shape relevance-making in specific political situations when IPCC knowledge is interpreted and used. Drawing on empirical evidence from the reception and use of the Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C (SR15) across three policy making levels, the paper demonstrates different examples of creating policy relevance. First, the paper analyses the origin of SR15 and the failed attempts to formally acknowledge SR15 in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) process. Second, it investigates how SR15 has been used to develop and legitimize the EU net-zero target and the European Green Deal. Third, the paper demonstrates how SR15 has been used both for legitimizing and challenging climate policy at the national level, using the example of Norway. In sum, the reception of SR15 demonstrates that while IPCC outputs have resulted in controversy at the international level, they have been highly relevant at regional and national levels. The analysis shows that policy relevance is context-dependent and indirect—created through processes involving many actors, institutions, and types of knowledge. Situating these findings within the larger shift in the international climate regime implied by the Paris Agreement, the paper concludes with a set of empirically grounded recommendations for how the IPCC may approach the goal of policy relevance post-Paris. ; publishedVersion

This article belongs to the Special Issue Autophagy, Aging and Metabolism. ; Autophagy is an essential protective mechanism that allows mammalian cells to cope with a variety of stressors and contributes to maintaining cellular and tissue homeostasis. Due to these crucial roles and also to the fact that autophagy malfunction has been described in a wide range of pathologies, an increasing number of in vivo studies involving animal models targeting autophagy genes have been developed. In mammals, total autophagy inactivation is lethal, and constitutive knockout models lacking effectors of this route are not viable, which has hindered so far the analysis of the consequences of a systemic autophagy decline. Here, we take advantage of atg4b−/− mice, an autophagy-deficient model with only partial disruption of the process, to assess the effects of systemic reduction of autophagy on the metabolome. We describe for the first time the metabolic footprint of systemic autophagy decline, showing that impaired autophagy results in highly tissue-dependent alterations that are more accentuated in the skeletal muscle and plasma. These changes, which include changes in the levels of amino-acids, lipids, or nucleosides, sometimes resemble those that are frequently described in conditions like aging, obesity, or cardiac damage. We also discuss different hypotheses on how impaired autophagy may affect the metabolism of several tissues in mammals. ; This work was supported by grants from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spain) (BFU2015-68539-R) and Principality of Asturias Government (IDI/2018/000159). G.G.M.-G. is supported by a FPI fellowship from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spain) (BES-2016-076977). R.F.P. is supported by the Severo Ochoa program (BP17-114). ; Peer reviewed

Wie die derzeitige Corona-Pandemie verdeutlicht, zeichnen sich Krisenzeiten durch ihren spezifischen Charakter und die damit verbundene gesellschaftliche und politische Bearbeitung, durch eine besondere Dynamik, aus. Oft tritt auch verstärktes oder stärker sichtbares zivilgesellschaftliches Engagement auf, welches wiederum mit weiteren gesellschaftlichen Veränderungen einhergehen kann, wie beispielsweise Proteste oder Demonstrationen und die damit ausgelösten Anstöße zu politischen oder medialen Debatten. Die Akteur/-innen, wie derzeit zum Beispiel die Fridays-for-Future-Bewegung, sind für gezielten Wandel wichtig, aber auch organisationale Strukturen und der Kontext (Gelegenheitsstrukturen), die zivilgesellschaftliches Handeln (mit-)bestimmen. Welche Bedeutung haben soziale Bewegungen für eine nachhaltige gesellschaftliche Entwicklung und inwiefern können sie als gesellschaftliche und individuelle Lern- und Bildungsräume verstanden werden? In diesem Beitrag wird, in Anschluss an die Darstellung zentraler Theoriestränge sozialwissenschaftlicher Bewegungsforschung, illustriert, wie gesellschaftliche Transformation und Engagement auch als aufeinander bezogene Lern- und Bildungsprozesse in und von Bewegungen verstanden werden können. Dies wird anhand der Ökologiebewegung und der Fridays-for-Future-Bewegung aufgezeigt. (DIPF/Orig.) ; The corona-pandemic demonstrates that times of crisis are characterized by their specific dynamic especially through their social and political processing. They are often accompanied by an increased or more visible civil society engagement. This can result in further social changes, such as protests or demonstrations resulting in political or media debates. The actors involved – e. g. the current Fridays for Future movement − are important for the targeted change, as well as the organizational structures and the context (opportunity structures) that determines civil society actions. What significance do social movements have for sustainable (social) development and to what extent can they be understood as social and individual learning or educational spaces? In this paper, I present central theoretical strands of the research on social movements and their development. Then I focus on the associated learning and educational processes in and for movements and the actors involved. The example of ecological movements and Fridays for Future illustrates how social transformation and individual engagement and learning are related to one another. (DIPF/Orig.)

Abstract, Changes in the business environment will occur at any time, generally in theform of changes in one or a combination of environmental factors outside thecompany, both on a national, regional and global scale. Business uncertainty willusually increase when the economic cycle is down, for example when we enter themillennium century, and then become optimistic when the economic cycle increases.The performance of a company will be greatly influenced by government policies inthe economic, monetary, fiscal, trade and investment sectors. Economic developmentin developing countries such as Indonesia is also influenced by the sharpness of thevision, mission and development strategies carried out by the government regime. Inmonitoring the economic turmoil because these factors can directly affect therealization of the achievement of business plan targets, the quality of businessprocesses and the achievement of company performance benchmarks in a sustainablemanner. The inflation rate is the most important economic variable that directlyaffects the condition of consumer purchasing power and the company's productioncost structure. Meanwhile, the development of interest rates should always bemonitored by the company, considering that this main economic variable is the basisor barometer for activities that are feasible or not appropriate for a business to run.Management decisions in today's business world are no longer solely based oneconomic considerations. According to the principles of economics, which were laterrevealed to the branch of managerial economics, management decisions lead to thegoal of maximizing profits, especially economic profits. Developments show thatbusiness decisions have psychological influences on decision makers, as well as socialinfluences where business entities and decision makers interact with the environment.Keywords: managerial economics, economic optimization, Indonesia.