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Abstract. The simultaneous occurrence of extreme events gained more and more attention from scientific research in the last couple of years.
Compared to the occurrence of single extreme events, co-occurring or compound extremes may substantially increase risks.
To adequately address such risks, improving our understanding of compound flood events in Europe is necessary and requires reliable estimates of their probability of occurrence together with potential future changes.
In this study compound flood events in northern and central Europe were studied using a Monte Carlo-based approach that avoids the use of copulas.
Second, we investigate if the number of observed compound extreme events is within the expected range of 2 standard deviations of randomly occurring compound events. This includes variations of several parameters to test the stability of the identified patterns. Finally, we analyse if the observed compound extreme events had a common large-scale meteorological driver.
The results of our investigation show that rivers along the west-facing coasts of Europe experienced a
higher amount of compound flood events than expected by pure chance.
In these regions, the vast majority of the observed compound flood events seem to be related to the cyclonic westerly general weather pattern (Großwetterlage).

Introduction/Objective: Literature studying the relationship between trust and knowledge sharing emphasizes two sub-dimensions (affective and cognitive trust) and their influence on such exchange. This research aims to determine the relationship between affective or cognitive Trust in Knowledge Sharing within a technology team at a family compensation fund in the context of Medellin, Colombia. Methodology: The study adopts a quantitative approach, using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique for analyzing 83 surveys. Instruments for measuring trust and knowledge sharing were investigated, and 25 articles were selected, 14 for measuring trust and 11 for measuring knowledge sharing. Three of them were selected for measurement purposes. Results: The study shows that affective trust does not have a significant effect on knowledge sharing in the studied technology team, but cognitive trust does. This highlights the importance of understanding the cognitive qualities of work relationships to manage knowledge effectively in a Colombian IT team context. Conclusions: This indicates that team members prefer to share knowledge with those who demonstrate relevant knowledge to them. With this understanding, actions can be implemented that are more tailored to the characteristics of technical teams to promote sharing of their members' knowledge and improve organizational results.

AbstractChildren with disabilities encounter unique challenges in rural Asia, where community resources are often lacking. This study is the first scoping review to understand nonmedical barriers and needs perceived by rural children with disabilities and their families in Asian countries. A literature search was conducted among six major databases for peer‐reviewed articles published between 1 January 2010 and 21 June 2022 and written in English. Based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23 studies were identified and included in this review. The barriers and needs experienced by rural disabled children and their relatives are classified into family, school, community, and service levels. The review also highlights potential practice, policy, and research implications. To break down barriers and meet their needs, it is essential to take a holistic approach by supporting the family as a whole. In addition, to promote gender equity and prevent societal stigmatization and discrimination, policies and support programmes must be developed and implemented at the school and community levels. This review also identifies extant research gaps and suggests directions for future research, calling for more quantitative and mixed‐method studies, the inclusion of experiences from all Asian countries, a focus on intersectionality, and more research on the pandemic's effects on these marginalized individuals.

We draw on several emerging literatures on contamination and waste and our own fieldwork on e-waste contamination in a Palestinian-Israeli border space to describe a "flowing" approach to toxic phenomena. We use this term as a shorthand to underscore the particular complexities of the socio-material-biological node called "toxics," and the corresponding epistemic, methodological, and moral demands of studying them. Some episodes from typical days of field work assessing the dispersal of heavy metals from sites of e-waste burning illustrate our claims. Even this attempt to use straightforward techniques to measure the presence of an object of apparent elemental materiality was continually permeated and unsettled by the inescapable flowiness of toxics. Their sources, generation processes and fates were mobile and multiscalar, remarkably patchy heterogeneous and contingent in ways that mattered. At issue was not (just) inadequate knowledge, but the inescapably relational biophysical and social nature of toxics; their entanglement not only with the technical means, processes and definitions that make them perceptible, but with the multiple and often disjunct social contexts that allow, inform, and motivate attention and access to toxics sites, and the production of knowledge from them.

AbstractTensionis a polysemic term used across South Asia to describe the strains and scrapes of life, like 'worry' or 'stress' in Euro‐American discourse. Yet in the formerly agro‐pastoralist and upwardly mobile Gaddi community of Himalayan India, it is used by women with the qualifyingghar ki – 'household' – to indicate a deeper disruption to bodily humours, intimate relations, and household materiality. This article takesghar ki tension, with a particular focus on the layered qualifierghar, as a window into the precarity of middle‐class domestic life as it is experienced in the bodies of the women who pursue it. Rather than focusing on the communicative functions of women's distress within the household, this article looks to the relational, affective, and material ways in which women see their bodies and houses as mutually constituted and disrupted. This approach reveals how women's domestic labour is both a source of dignity and a burden. This burden is experienced inghar ki tension, in bodily symptoms of overheating, and visits from supernatural beings. This article suggests thatghar ki tensionmight offer a novel way of looking at distress as the psychic and embodied cost of upward social mobility beyond the Gaddi context.

This article introduces the concept of territorial healing as a strategy for holistic intervention with communities affected by violence-related trauma. Violence exerted in places generates affective and territorial ruptures contained in socio-emotional wounds and disruptions in the social and institutional fabric that weakens collective life. Building on post/in-conflict cities studies, peacebuilding studies, and a decolonial approach, we argue that territorial healing agglutinates myriad interventions aimed at a collective restorative reparation of geo-traumas (Pain, 2021) and promotes the construction of collective subjects for decision-making in territorial processes. The article highlights the need to go beyond the local/spatial turn of peacebuilding and reparative planning by providing a more robust understanding of how to frame the political project of reparative justice in urban spaces and across different scales. Territorial healing processes go beyond institutionalized frameworks to involve decentralized and autonomous processes that expand the spatiality of the symbolic, corporeal and emotions of collective urban life. This article suggests that a territorial healing trajectory requires weaving the mapping of body-territory-earth (Cabnal, 2019), collective memory, and spatial imagination as a strategy to manage existing conflicts through therapeutic dialogue and the shaping of reparative infrastructures.

The institutions of political professionalization are: political parties, political education system, political media, institute of representation of group interests, among others. Political education is a powerful tool for the democratization of society and, more specifically, for the professionalization of the political class and political activity in general. This article offers a contribution to the strengthening of the social relevance of political science. It considers the social significance of political science as a matter of (non-)academic professional training and civic education of its graduates. Civic (political) education is teaching people how to live under the conditions of the modern state, how to comply with its laws, but at the same time not to allow the authorities to violate their rights. By reviewing scientific literature the article aimed to identify contradictions in the socio-cultural approach in the training of a specialist, as this has not been systematically studied in the training of a specialist in political science. It is concluded that it is in the educational system where the training of specialists takes place, since the effective recruitment of the political elite is a prerequisite for an effective and strong political system.

The purpose of this qualitative investigation was to understand the beliefs of parents and school personnel about involving secondary-age students with extensive support needs in their specialized health care procedures at school. Participants included parents, special education teachers, school nurses, one-to-one nurses, and paraprofessionals reporting on nine middle school, high school, and post-high school students for a total of 32 participants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and then analyzed by case using an inductive coding approach. A synthesis of salient findings across groups generated four themes that describe beliefs about involving students in their specialized health care procedures. These were: (a) student characteristics make it challenging, (b) must be safe, (c) working together is essential but difficult, and (d) involvement promotes well-being. Families and school personnel predominately valued student involvement in health care at school for perceived social-emotional benefits and potential positive adult outcomes but were unsure how to mitigate barriers to teaching students skills needed to participate in their health care. Implications discussed offer guidelines to enhance scientific and practitioner knowledge that promotes student involvement in health care at school for secondary-age students with extensive support needs.

Current approaches to building inclusive classrooms for first-generation and working-class students tend to emphasize communicative strategies: receiving students with welcoming messages that acknowledge and value their life experience and promoting a growth mindset. These methods are important, but they do little to address structural sources of exclusion, such as academic inequities and disadvantages in resources like time. Communicative strategies alone secure inclusion without equity. Equity, however, involves teaching and learning activities that promote fair treatment and access at a structural level in order to offer students a concrete path to classroom success. In this article, we develop a framework for designing assignments and learning activities that addresses the type of structural barriers that most affect first-generation, working-class, and racially minoritized students. We identify three distinct types of structural disadvantages—academic inequities, resource disadvantages, and cultural discrimination—and propose three strategies for equitable design: deliberative interdependence, transformative translation, and proactive engagement. We illustrate each strategy with concrete teaching methods. We conclude by suggesting that only a transformative, comprehensive shift to equity mindedness is capable of doing justice to the increasing diversity of college classrooms.

The value of the Turkish currency decreased by 44% in 2021. The trade balance was directly impacted by exchange rate fluctuation. Moreover, COVID-19 had a significant impact on the trade balance globally as well as in Turkey. In this study, we attempt to assess how COVID-19 has affected trade between Turkey and the EU27 counties. We employ the J-curve and S-curve approaches using various samples and sub-samples. Before examining how COVID-19 influences trade balances, we first looked at the long-term relationship of bilateral trade between Turkey and the EU27, including the impact of the real exchange rate on the trade balance. The findings indicate that, first; there is no indication of a J-curve or an S-curve in Turkey's trade balance. Second, the Turkish trade balance benefited more from a real fall of the Turkish currency during the pandemic era. In comparison to pre-pandemic correlations, the pandemic cross-correlation coefficients are lower. Despite some delays, it turned out well. The Turkish trade balance is improved by the weakening of the Turkish Lira and the effects of COVID-19 during the pandemic, even if there is no indication of a J-curve or an S-curve.

How do social movements develop and sustain their territoriality within large-scale organisations? This study explores the emergence of resistive movements in organisations counteracting a new administrative regime with a relational approach to territoriality in the physical and virtual environments. Drawing, maintaining, and changing boundaries in physical and virtual spaces are crucial in organisational resistance. However, the extant literature mostly overlooks these topics. This paper shows how collective actors form a resistive movement in organisations through territoriality with a qualitative study conducted in two Turkish Universities. The study findings show territoriality provides more than a space of isolation and this space has no fixed resistive boundaries. Territorialisation within and out of organisational spaces, covering physical and virtual environments, supports the development of a resistive identity. Our comparative analysis of two movements in universities shows that territoriality in the physical world is essential. However, territorialisation in the virtual environment helps resistive identities in organisations to last even their physical activities fade. Moreover, territorialisation in physical and virtual spaces communicating the movement's message to mobilise others varies according to the different stages of the movement's lifespan. In addition, this study indicates how the activities of social movements of organisational actors in physical and virtual environments interrelate.

Abstract
This article explores the meaning and context of crowdsourcing at the municipal scale. In order to legitimately govern, local governments seek feedback and engagement from actors and bodies beyond the state. At the same time, crowdsourcing efforts are increasingly being adopted by entities – public and private – to digitally transform local services and processes. But how do we know what the "the right to the city" (RTTC) means when it comes to meaningful and participatory decision-making? And how do we know if participatory efforts called crowdsourcing—a practice articulated in a 2006 Wired article in the context of the tech sector—when policy ideas are sought at the municipal scale? Grounded in the ideals of Henri Lefebvre's RTTC, the article brings together typologies of public participation to advance a conceptualization of 'crowdsourcing' specific to local governance. Applying this approach to a smart city initiative in Toronto, Canada, I argue that for crowdsourcing to be taken seriously as a means of inclusive and participatory decision-making that seeks to advance the RTTC, it must have connection to governance mechanisms that aim to integrate public perspectives into policy decisions. Where crowdsourcing is disconnected to decision-making processes, it is simply lip service, not meaningful participation.

AbstractAs the global workforce ages, it has become more important to understand how seemingly age-neutral HR practices can create unintended age-specific effects. For example, shift work—nominally an age-neutral HR practice—has been shown to have stronger negative effects on older workers' physical and mental health. Although these effects are well established, how organizations can mitigate the age-specific effects of scheduling practices represents an important gap in the aging workforce literature. More specifically, the role of the organization in setting human resource practices and policies that are sensitive to older workers likely determines the strength of the age-specific effects of shift work on psychological well-being. Using mixed effects analyses in a large dataset of German employees and employers, we integrate lifespan psychology and HR strategy research to examine the relationship between shift work and psychological well-being across working lives. We then examine how the implementation of organizational age structure analysis may buffer this relationship. Results largely support the benefits of an active, "age-aware" approach to managing the aging workforce as psychological well-being increased with age among all workers except shift workers in establishments that did not conduct an age structure analysis.

Abstract
Records of element ratios obtained from the Maldives Inner Sea sediments provide a detailed view on how the Indian Monsoon System has varied at high-resolution time scales. Here, we present records from International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Site U1471 based on a refined chronology through the past 550,000 years. The record's high resolution and a proper approach to set the chronology allowed us to reconstruct changes in the Indian Monsoon System on a scale of anomalies and to verify their relationships with established records from the East Asian Monsoon System. On the basis of Fe/sum and Fe/Si records, it can be demonstrated that the Asia continental aridity tracks sea-level changes, while the intensity of winter monsoon winds responds to changes in Northern Hemisphere summer insolation. Furthermore, the anomalies of continental aridity and intensity of winter monsoon winds at millennial-scale events exhibit power in the precession band, nearly in antiphase with Northern Hemisphere summer insolation. These observations indicate that the insolation drove the anomalies in the Indian Summer Monsoon. The good correspondence between our record and the East Asian monsoon anomaly records suggests the occurrence of anomalous widespread arid events in Asia.

Abstract
On the twenty-fifth anniversary of the release of Pokémon Red and Pokémon Green in 2021, Pokémon Legends: Arceus was announced. A new take on the highly successful franchise, Arceus sees the player transported to a mysterious past set in the frontiers of the Hisui region. As in other games, players have Poké Ball to capture wild Pokémon, but in this game the creatures can inflict damage if they become frightened or aggressive. The technology and costuming are vaguely steam powered, hinting at a Victorian or Meiji (1868–1912) time period. Indeed, it is revealed that the setting for the game is Hokkaido around 1869, during the colonization of the northern island. In early 2022, Twitter was abuzz with news that the series would be headlined by Ainu characters. This article takes a practical look at the design of the costumes, reading them as historically plausible versions of the more standard 1990s/2000s Pokémon hero. It will offer a case study that looks at one of the many possible approaches to designing and creating a cosplay costume. It will also take into consideration other Pokémon trainer costumes, such as those featured in Pokémon GO (2016), and tie-in commercial patterns.