Suchergebnisse

AbstractDue to the increasing scarcity of resources and the exponential production of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE), the transition from a linear economy (LE) to a circular economy (CE) has become crucial. This study aims to analyze the practices adopted by EEE companies in Brazil based on the ReSOLVE framework, from the perspective of transitioning to a CE. The study uses a qualitative approach, applying Integrative Literature Review (ILR) and document analysis techniques. The main findings reveal 14 practices related to CE from ILR and 11 from document analysis, suggesting that a transition from LE to CE in the EEE production chain is possible. The ReSOLVE framework can provide EEE manufacturers with opportunities to create and deliver value by improving reduction, reuse, repair, refurbishment, and recycling activities. Additionally, it can help extend their circular offerings through product‐service‐systems, optimizing value capture from a one‐time sale of EEE products to regular revenue streams, while reducing costs associated with raw materials, energy inputs, and waste management. Overall, this study contributes to advancing CE actions within the EEE sector and highlights their potential for transferability to other economic sectors.

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the approaches adopted by the parents and typically developing siblings as to the prospective care and support for a family member with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD).BackgroundWith an ever‐extending life span of persons with PIMD, it has become necessary for their parents to make arrangements for prospective care in which siblings may play an important role.MethodThe study was carried out by means of semistructured interviews held with parents and siblings of individuals with PIMD. The method used for analysis consisted in open and axial coding. Grounded theory methodology procedures served as the theoretical framework.ResultsParents commonly thought a future caregiving role would be an unfair burden to the typically developing siblings, who, in contrast, welcomed such a commitment.ConclusionsParents should not worry about the prospective care for their offspring with a disability given by their typically developing siblings. However, they should attend to the quality of communication, resolving discrepancies in the family members' perspectives on caregiving in the future.ImplicationsThese findings might offer insight for the parents and siblings of persons with PIMD as well as for social welfare institutions, social workers, and other professionals who work with children and their parents.

Migration and regional inequality are two interrelated concepts. Inequality between regions can lead to migration. High-skilled migration, or migration of high-quality human resources, has great potential to reduce interregional disparities by helping development in the destination area. However, in reality, the flow of high-skilled migration tends to lead to more advanced provinces, especially the capital and its surroundings. This condition causes disparities between regions to increase. This study analyzes the phenomenon of internal high-skilled migration between provinces in Indonesia at a macro level using a modified gravity model approach and is estimated using the zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) model. The results of this study show that the number of high-skilled populations in the provinces of origin and destination, geographical distance, average wages for workers, and the percentage of agricultural workers in the destination province, as well as the stock of migrants, influence the flow of high skilled migration between provinces in Indonesia. Increasing workers' wages, access to transportation and information/social networks, as well as industrialization outside Java, need to be carried out to attract high-skilled migrants or keep high-skilled workers to remain in their provinces to realize equity between regions.

AbstractThe therapeutic alliance is among the factors associated with positive results in therapy and has been extensively studied in psychotherapy. However, it has received less attention in social work and family intervention. Considering that such intervention occurs mainly within the framework of institutions and public policies, this article aims to identify the contextual factors that facilitate or hinder the therapeutic alliance between family members and social workers within the child protection system, taking the Chilean protection system as a case study. This longitudinal study followed six professional–caregiver dyads for 11 months using various qualitative techniques. The facilitating factors included the strengths approach of the child protection agency, family participation, a friendly work environment, and external supervision from a senior social worker. Among the obstacles were the high numbers of cases per professional, the undervaluing of their work, excessive workloads, stigma towards the system, and the mandatory nature of services. Facilitating factors were linked to the initiatives of the protection agency, while limitations were related to the type of welfare system. Similar obstacles and facilitators were found at the international level regardless of the kind of child protection system. The study concludes with recommendations for decision‐makers and social worker educators.

AbstractBuilding upon previous studies that divide the governance of digital platforms into three eras (Flew, 2021; Bowers & Zittrain, 2020), this study investigates how one of the most influential digital platforms, Google, has handled removal requests from governments. By sketching the regulatory terrain of Google, the current study seeks a more balanced understanding of content moderation. This study selected an exploratory case study approach using Google's Transparency reports and accompanying public data sets relating to governments' content removal requests filed for all Google products from 2009 to 2021. The findings reveal a growing influence of nation states on moderating online content, delineating the surging point as occurring in 2016. In addition to the sheer increase of take‐down requests raised in various areas, since 2016 the trend of government interventions has outpaced those of courts; during the same period, Google, which had been more compliant with court decisions than with governmental entities' requests, showed similar compliance with government requests. The results also demonstrate how the practices of requesting content removal differed by political system while singling out Russia's distinctive characteristics. This study sheds light on our understanding of the role of nation states in shaping online environments in the era of platformization.

Digital competence plays an important role in higher education. The literature highlights the adoption and use of digital competence for the development of educational services in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), but it is still necessary to understand its influence on the innovative behavior of the public official. This study aims to investigate the influence of digital competence, based on the predictors' infrastructure, integration, and digital management, on innovative work behaviors. The research was applied to 540 public employees of a Federal Institution of Higher Education (IFES) in northern Brazil. The response rate for this study was 33.5%. The Structural Equation Modeling approach by Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) was used. Empirical findings confirm that public employees with a high level of perception of digital competence more often develop challenging work to generate new innovative behaviors at work. This research was limited to investigating the influence of digital competence on innovative work behaviors of public employees of a Brazilian IFES. Future studies may address other contextual factors in this relationship. One of the practical implications is the need for managers in the education sector to support the construction of guidelines for educational and technological innovation to expand innovative behavior at work.

Abstract
We consider the substitution of living classical texts with their simulacra, kitschy interpretations, to be one of the most important issues in literary education in schools. Traditional teaching methods and textbooks reproduce a set of pedagogical clichés. This leads to a loss of the skill of reading. As a result, the student gains a set of simple narratives about canonical texts, not the knowledge of them. The goal of our study is to give impetus to developing the classics. We think that this development is possible if teachers work with the text, starting with deconstruction of the narrative and clichés surrounding it, applying methods of analysis that are typical for the humanities, in particular semiotic analysis, formal analysis, and narrative analysis. Dominants and metaphors may become a starting point for transmedia extensions, which is extremely important for students' subsequent independent creative work. We propose an approach to working with literary texts in a manner which stimulates the reader's personal creativity in the process of becoming acquainted with classics. We have used the example of famous film adaptations and theatrical stagings of the novel War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy, as well as multimedia projects by trainees from grades 7–11.

AbstractThis study focuses on the British English version of Hergé'sThe Adventures of Tintin, a series of adventure comics created from 1929 to 1976. The series became increasingly popular throughout the mid-twentieth century and remains so even to the present day. However, it is still a subject of intrigue and controversy for many scholars due to the alleged racist/ethnic stereotypes in this series in terms of the visual representations and narratives. This paper explores the construction of the most frequently occurring non-European ethnic groups in the Tintin series, the East Asians, focusing on selected character roles regarding their functions, ethnicity, and dispersion throughout different narrative plots in three volumes where they were depicted. To that end, this research integrates Vladimir Propp's narrative analysis and Martin Reisigl and Ruth Wodak's discourse historical approach to critical discourse studies, while drawing on parts of Theo van Leeuwen's social semiotic model in the analysis of images as well as Teun A. van Dijk's strategies of positive-Self and negative Others presentation. The findings show some idiosyncrasies in terms of East Asians' distinctive national identities and the dynamicity between the macro-strategies of positive Self versus negative Other representations in the series while touching on the concept of "internal Others."

AbstractOrganic compounds contained in urine, such as urea and creatinine, can compete with pharmaceuticals for the electro‐generated oxidants during electrochemical treatment. In addition, urine has a large amount of chloride ions, creating opportunities to produce chlorine and aqueous‐free chlorine species via electrolysis. The aim of the present study is to analyze artificial urine as a supporting electrolyte, while studying the removal of the organic components present (urea and creatinine) by employing an experimental design approach. A 2³ factorial design was employed to evaluate the efficiency of the photo‐assisted sonoelectrochemical (EC/UV/US) process. Operating conditions were optimized using response surface methodology (MRS), namely: 11.44 mL min−1 flow, 1.940 A at 160 min. The pH was analyzed and a predominance of HOCl (pH < 7.0) can be observed. Response surface methodology was used to investigate the effects and interactions of flow rate, time, and current to track the removal efficiency of organic compounds contained in artificial urine (TOC, creatinine, and urea). Over prolonged electrolysis, the EC/US/UV process achieved removal of TOC (25.7%), creatinine (68.2%), and urea (33.3%), due to the large contribution of highly reactive radical species (•OH, •Cl, ClO−).

AbstractThe importance of measuring trust in health systems has been accentuated due to its correlation with important health outcomes aimed at reducing COVID‐19 transmission. A systematic review published almost a decade ago identified gaps in measures including the lack of focus on trust in systems, inconsistency regarding the dimensionality of trust and need for research to strengthen the validity of measures. Given developments in our understandings of trust since its publication, we sought to identify new scales developed, existing ones adapted in response to identified gaps, and agendas for future research. Using the PRISMA approach for systematic reviews, we conducted a search in four databases. A total of 26 articles were assessed. Twelve new scales were identified, while 14 were adapted for different settings and populations. Literature continues to focus on measuring trust in health professionals rather than systems. Various shortcomings were identified, including some articles not mentioning the dimensions included in the scale and suboptimal use of validity and reliability testing and/or reporting. Moreover, a variety of terms were used for dimensions. Future research is needed to address these gaps and consequently, to understand their correlation with health behaviors and outcomes more accurately.

AbstractThere is growing scholarly interest in analyzing changes in policies, laws, and regulations. Some concepts depart from the goal of identifying changes in policy substance. Other contributions have concentrated on the structural characteristics of laws and regulations containing these substantive changes. Extracting measures of policy substance from legislative texts is a challenging and time‐consuming endeavor as it requires the manual assessment and coding of legal acts. The assessment of the structural characteristics of laws and regulations, by contrast, can be done applying automated natural language processing. An important critical question is, thus, whether we can combine these approaches and simplify the information extraction by inferring changes in the policy substance from the legislative context in which these changes are embedded. Examining more than 100 legal acts in the area of EU environmental and climate policy, we find that the measures capturing policy substance and the structural characteristics of legal acts context are not systematically linked. In other words: changes in the structural features of legal acts cannot be used as an approximation for changes in policy substance. We conclude by sketching out a research agenda when (and when not) to use the different concepts and related measurements.

The COVID-19 pandemic has fundamentally changed the business environment in many sectors. This study analyzes how the pandemic and the resulting global economic crisis have influenced changes in management. The aim was to explore changes in the dominance of management functions through the lens of economic managers in various companies. A case study approach was adopted to achieve the research objective. The sample file consisted of 238 managers from various operational fields in the Slovak Republic. A new methodology was created to measure the overall changes. An indicator of the rate of change in the dominance of the management functions was calculated. The index consists of two factors: changes in the time devoted to each management function during the pandemic, and changes in the importance of basic activities performed within the individual management function. This study provides an overview of all industries and describes the changes in the context of a company's revenue development during the pandemic. It was discovered that the centralization of strategic decision making was significantly underestimated. Up to 78.69% of managers working in companies whose revenues decreased during the pandemic increased the time devoted to planning, and 90.98% of them decreased the time devoted to leading people.

Abstract
Recently, the causal associations between traffic emissions and health effects were strengthened by the systematic reviews by the Health Effects Institute (HEI#23, 2022). According to EuroStat data Europeans spend 87-97% of their time indoors in homes, workplaces, schools and nurseries. Breathing volumes are dominated by the time spent indoors (16 m³ indoors and 1.4 m³ outdoors), even though breathing rates in outdoor environments are higher. This demonstrates the importance of taking into account time activity as well as infiltration to indoor spaces when estimating intake of particles.
The ULTRHAS project aims to link in vitro toxicological evidence for particulate matter to health impact assessments to look specifically into this. An integrated exposure pathway model will consider for different microenvironments, and physical activity patterns to quantify the particle intake in selected gender and age groups. Relative to the commonly applied approach using residential address and corresponding outdoor pollution levels we specifically add handling of (i) infiltration into indoor spaces and (ii) variability in breathing volumes based on physical activities. The model will provide inhalation volumes for selected target populations, to be applied in the intake-DALY estimation of burden of disease parameters in the following phases of the project.

With the advent of digital technologies (i.e., social media), tourism has evolved its marketing strategies. Even though published literature discusses the importance of tourism content on social media from various consumer perspectives, much more work must be done to examine how consumers make travel decisions based on tourism content. This study proposes a model for analyzing travel intent based on consumer motivations (e.g., novelty, entertainment, and relaxation) to watch social media travel videos. Consumers' travel intentions are influenced by trust and parasocial relationships. Through an online survey, 215 responses were collected and analyzed using a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach using Smart-PLS 3.0 and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). In the study, relaxation ranked most highly among the three motivations for viewers to watch travel videos on YouTube for building parasocial relationships. In contrast, consumers seeking entertainment are more likely to form trust, which will result in consumers' intentions to travel. Based on intermediate solutions generated by the fsQCA, two causal configurations can be used to explain consumer travel decisions influenced by social media tourism content. The study also discusses theoretical and practical guidelines in depth. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-03-015 Full Text: PDF

In this study, it is aimed to examine the visionary leadership approach in education management. In recent years, educational studies, the scope and content of educational institutions are changing rapidly and becoming more and more complex. Therefore, visionary leaders who prepare educational institutions for the future and make accurate predictions are needed. Visionary leaders develop their goals by defining a vision for themselves and their organizations, by communicating their views correctly and by ensuring that the employees of the organization adopt it. The relationship between educational management and visionary leadership is an important factor in the success of educational institutions. Visionary leaders increase the scope of education by achieving strategic goals in the education process, developing strategies suitable for the use of educational organizations, maintaining motivation and developing a culture of cooperation. They also increase the motivation of other goals by achieving more than they can achieve after that point. This research examined the effect of visionary thinking on educational administration. In this research, where the place and importance of visionary leadership in education and training management is emphasized; The relationship between educational management and visionary leadership, the role and effectiveness of visionary leaders on educational institutions will be emphasized. Keywords: Educational administration, visionary leadership, vision