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The management of urban forests is a key element of resilience planning in cities across the globe. Urban forests provide ecosystem services as well as other nature-based solutions to 4.2 billion people living in cities. However, to continue to do so effectively, urban forests need to be able to thrive in an increasingly changing climate. Trees in cities are vulnerable to extreme heat and drought events, which are predicted to increase in frequency and severity under climate change. Knowledge of species' vulnerability to climate change, therefore, is crucial to ensure provision of desired ecosystem benefits, improve species selection, maintain tree growth and reduce tree mortality, dieback and stress in urban forests. Yet, systematic assessments of causes of tree dieback and mortality in urban environments are rare. We reviewed the state of knowledge of tree mortality in urban forests globally, finding very few frameworks that enable detection of climate change impacts on urban forests and no long-term studies assessing climate change as a direct driver of urban tree dieback and mortality. The effects of climate change on urban forests remain poorly understood and quantified, constraining the ability of governments to incorporate climate change resilience into urban forestry planning.

International audience ; Spain faces a quick development of a very extensive high-speed rail network since 1992. It now reaches more than 2.500 km. This network was set together with numerous projects of new stations both in big and intermediate cities throughout the whole country. As it was decided to create a brandnew network according to the European norms and gauge, the enlargement and adaptation of stations was made necessary. High-speed was conceived as a symbol of modernity and as a way to improve the rank of the served cities both in Spain and Europe.The Mediterranean Corridor has a particular status in this network. It is a long term project that includes freight and passenger European gauge high-quality of service lines along the Mediterranean. One of the sections of this project is the implementation of a coastal high-speed line, which would be the very first great axis that would not go through Madrid. It would connect Barcelona and Valencia together, as well as a number of intermediate cities such as Alicante, Tarragona and Castellón. It would also make possible a direct connection of these cities to the rest of Europe. In this context, the end of line situation of the littoral cities would be transformed into a nodal situation interconnecting the radial main network to a powerful peripheral axis.The main cities (Barcelona and Valencia) take advantage of this status modification in order to promote particularly ambitious underground station projects which are associated to important urban renewal operations (urban green lines, housing, business districts…). They therefore try to improvetheir image and metropolitan status. The intermediate cities try to reach a place in the high-speed network by getting a new high-speed station, no matter if the line is radial or axial. Nevertheless, they take the Mediterranean Corridor project as an argument. Opposite, in the negotiation process between the cities and the government to define the stops on the high-speed lines, the stations may be used as a way of settling the cities in the radial-shape network and of delaying the achievement of the Mediterranean axis. The station projects show at the same time the cities' metropolitan aim, the strong competition between the great littoral cities themselves, and also the sharp political tension between the Mediterranean regions and Madrid as the national capital. Thus, the debate on the high-speed stations is one of the topics crystallising a geopolitical question. Consequently, the metropolitan aims associated to the new high-speed stations receive an additional dimension: the stations become political objects and they therefore exceed their function of communication exchangers. The case study of the Mediterranean corridor high-speed stations is particularly interesting because it mixes urban planning stakes to local politics and to national geopolitics. ; Le développement rapide d'un réseau à grande vitesse très étendu en Espagne s'est accompagné de nombreux projets de gares nouvelles dans les villes grandes ou moyennes de tout le pays. Le corridor méditerranéen a un statut particulier dans le réseau. L'un des volets du projet est la mise en place d'une ligne à grande vitesse littorale qui serait le premier grand axe ne passant pas par Madrid. De ce fait, les villes littorales verraient leur statut de terminus ferroviaire se transformer en situation nodale d'interconnexion. Elles prennent appui sur ce changement de statut pour promouvoir des projets de gares particulièrement ambitieux, associés à d'importantes opérations de rénovation urbaine, dans une logique d'amélioration de leur image et de métropolisation. Ces projets traduisent à la fois une ambition métropolitaine, une rivalité entre les grandes villes littorales elles-mêmes, ainsi qu'une tension d'ordre politique entre le littoral méditerranéen et Madrid comme capitale nationale. Dès lors, les ambitions métropolitaines associées aux gares à grande vitesse prennent une dimension supplémentaire en faisant de ces gares des objets politiques dont la fonction dépasse largement celle d'échangeurs de communication.

International audience ; Spain faces a quick development of a very extensive high-speed rail network since 1992. It now reaches more than 2.500 km. This network was set together with numerous projects of new stations both in big and intermediate cities throughout the whole country. As it was decided to create a brandnew network according to the European norms and gauge, the enlargement and adaptation of stations was made necessary. High-speed was conceived as a symbol of modernity and as a way to improve the rank of the served cities both in Spain and Europe.The Mediterranean Corridor has a particular status in this network. It is a long term project that includes freight and passenger European gauge high-quality of service lines along the Mediterranean. One of the sections of this project is the implementation of a coastal high-speed line, which would be the very first great axis that would not go through Madrid. It would connect Barcelona and Valencia together, as well as a number of intermediate cities such as Alicante, Tarragona and Castellón. It would also make possible a direct connection of these cities to the rest of Europe. In this context, the end of line situation of the littoral cities would be transformed into a nodal situation interconnecting the radial main network to a powerful peripheral axis.The main cities (Barcelona and Valencia) take advantage of this status modification in order to promote particularly ambitious underground station projects which are associated to important urban renewal operations (urban green lines, housing, business districts…). They therefore try to improvetheir image and metropolitan status. The intermediate cities try to reach a place in the high-speed network by getting a new high-speed station, no matter if the line is radial or axial. Nevertheless, they take the Mediterranean Corridor project as an argument. Opposite, in the negotiation process between the cities and the government to define the stops on the high-speed lines, the stations may be used as a way of settling the cities in the radial-shape network and of delaying the achievement of the Mediterranean axis. The station projects show at the same time the cities' metropolitan aim, the strong competition between the great littoral cities themselves, and also the sharp political tension between the Mediterranean regions and Madrid as the national capital. Thus, the debate on the high-speed stations is one of the topics crystallising a geopolitical question. Consequently, the metropolitan aims associated to the new high-speed stations receive an additional dimension: the stations become political objects and they therefore exceed their function of communication exchangers. The case study of the Mediterranean corridor high-speed stations is particularly interesting because it mixes urban planning stakes to local politics and to national geopolitics. ; Le développement rapide d'un réseau à grande vitesse très étendu en Espagne s'est accompagné de nombreux projets de gares nouvelles dans les villes grandes ou moyennes de tout le pays. Le corridor méditerranéen a un statut particulier dans le réseau. L'un des volets du projet est la mise en place d'une ligne à grande vitesse littorale qui serait le premier grand axe ne passant pas par Madrid. De ce fait, les villes littorales verraient leur statut de terminus ferroviaire se transformer en situation nodale d'interconnexion. Elles prennent appui sur ce changement de statut pour promouvoir des projets de gares particulièrement ambitieux, associés à d'importantes opérations de rénovation urbaine, dans une logique d'amélioration de leur image et de métropolisation. Ces projets traduisent à la fois une ambition métropolitaine, une rivalité entre les grandes villes littorales elles-mêmes, ainsi qu'une tension d'ordre politique entre le littoral méditerranéen et Madrid comme capitale nationale. Dès lors, les ambitions métropolitaines associées aux gares à grande vitesse prennent une dimension supplémentaire en faisant de ces gares des objets politiques dont la fonction dépasse largement celle d'échangeurs de communication.

El proceso de datificación del mundo que acompaña el imparable despliegue de lo digital - internet de las cosas, redes sociales, smartphones, wearables, etc - permite mediante las soluciones tecnológicas big data una capacidad analítica que está generando cambios en numerosas esferas sociales como son las empresas, los gobiernos y la academia. En el turismo, por el uso intensivo de información, este nuevo contexto ofrece oportunidades y retos para los destinos turísticos. Históricamente, a escala local, los gestores de destinos turísticos urbanos han carecido de información de la actividad para una mejor toma de decisiones. Además, cuanto más reducido es la escala del destino más reducida es la información disponible, condicionamiento de la mayoría de las ciudades históricas. La extensión a estos destinos del paradigma smart: smart city, destinos turísticos inteligentes, smart tourism aporta nuevas fuentes de datos que es necesario identificar. El artículo aborda la presentación de un conjunto de nuevas fuentes de datos que se vislumbran con posibilidad de enriquecer la base de información sobre la que descansa el análisis de la realidad turística de las Ciudades Patrimonio de la Humanidad en España ; The process of datification of the world which accompanies the unstoppable deployment of the digital evolution - internet, social networks, smartphones, wearables, etc. - allows, by technologic big data solutions, an analytical capacity that is generating changes in many social spheres such as companies, governments and the academia. In tourism, due to the intensive use of information, this new context offers opportunities and challenges for tourist destinations. Historically, managers of urban tourist destinations lacked information to take better decisions. In addition to this, the smaller scale of the destination, the lower available information, conditioning most of the historical cities. The extension of these destinations in the smart paradigm: smart cities, smart tourist destinations, smart tourism, provides new sources of information that needs to be identified. The article addresses the presentation of a set of new sources of information that can be envisaged with the possibility of enriching the informational base in which the analysis of the touristic reality of the Spanish World Heritage Cities rests

Reviews the literature on how disorderly behavior arouses feelings of insecurity in the public and tends to lead to increased instances of theft and acts of aggression against persons, before presenting data from surveys conducted in the French cities of Grenoble (1990), Saint-Etienne (1995), and Romans and Paris (1998). Title refers to the book "Fixing broken windows: restoring order and reducing crime in our communities", New York, Simon and Schuster, Inc., 1996, indexed in PAIS International, 1996.

Kristin Stapleton analyzes how concepts and practices associated with the 'modern city' were received, transformed, and contested in Asia over the past 150 years. In the early twentieth century, activists took advantage of the new significance of the city to pursue a wide variety of goals. Thus, the concept of the modern city played an important role in Asia, despite much critical commentary on the ideals associated with it. By the 1940s, the city yielded its political centrality to the nation. Still, modern cities remained an important marker of national achievement during the Cold War. In recent decades, cities have continued to play a central role in economic and cultural affairs in Asia, but the concept of the modern city has evolved. Asian ideas about urban governance and visions of future cities are significantly shaping that evolution.

The movements of our individual and collective bodies through cities and space have long, complex histories. Despite associations with the everyday, the seemingly obvious or even the mundane; when considered at length, our bodily movements, and our ability (or inability) to move through space and place transforms us from mere bystanders into activators and witnesses of our cities.00Against our current backdrop of shifting city borders, mass surveillance, tightening immigration controls, technological advancements, precarious citizenship rights, widespread gentrification, divisive body politics and limited access to public space, Rights of Way weaves together testimony, academic research, essay, fiction, analysis and interview to question who has the rights of way to gather the past, the present and the future of public space and to envision new forms of witnessing for the cities in which we reside.00

List of contributors; INTRODUCTION: challenges and aspirations of urban design (Tridib Banerjee and Anastasia Loukaitou-Sideris); PART I: COMPARATIVE URBANISM; Part I.I Arguments and observations; 1: Comparative urbanism: design in translation (Fran Tonkiss); 2: Fishbowl city: postcolonial Los Angeles and the philosophy of the urban (Ananya Roy); Part I.II Regional experiences; 3: Globalization, resiliency, and change: Latin American urban design in the 21st century (Lawrence Herzog); 4: Spatial justice and urban design: the case of Southern African settlements (David Dewar); 5: The fading pulse of place: Eastern Mediterranean cities in the neoliberal era (Ramzi Farhat); 6: Un-cities: the urbanism of rapidly growing cities in the Gulf region (Surajit Chakravarty); PART II: CHALLENGES; Part II.I Claims and conflicts; 7: Immigrants, mosques, and religious pluralism: challenges for urban design and planning (Stefano Moroni,

American cities continue to experience profound fiscal crises. Falling revenues cannot keep pace with the increased costs of vital public services, infrastructure development and improvement, and adequately funded pensions. Chicago presents an especially vivid example of these issues, as the state of Illinois's rocky fiscal condition compounds the city's daunting budget challenges. In The People's Money, Michael A. Pagano curates a group of essays that emerged from discussions at the 2018 UIC Urban Forum. The contributors explore fundamental questions related to measuring the fiscal health of cities, including how cities can raise revenue, the accountability of today's officials for the future financial position of a city, the legal and practical obstacles to pension reform and a balanced budget, and whether political collaboration offers an alternative to the competition that often undermines regional governance.

"Building on his popular blog of the same name, Copenhagenize offers vivid project descriptions, engaging stories, and best practices, alongside beautiful and informative visuals to show how to make the bicycle an easy, preferred part of everyday urban life. Copenhagenize will serve as inspiration for everyone working to get the bicycle back into our cities. It will give planners and designers the ammunition to push back against the Automobile Age and convince the skeptics of the value of the life-sized city. This is not a guide on how to become Copenhagen, but how to learn from the successes and failures (yes, failures) of Copenhagen and other cities around the world that are striving to become more livable. We need to act in order to save our cities—and us—from ourselves. Copenhagenize shows the path forward." [Verlagshomepage]

"The Divided City contributes to the growing body of scholarly work on cities of the global South. Cities in developing countries, particularly emerging economies, are undergoing rapid urbanization and social transition. Empirically grounded to the contemporary urban situation in India, The Divided City is set in an opportune moment to assess how cities fare up to the challenge of inclusive urbanization. It highlights how the urban pathway of contemporary India departs from the goal of inclusion in multiple ways — access to energy, public services, architecture, land, infrastructure, commons, and cultural and civic spaces. It simultaneously interrogates both policy and theory with intermingling issues like informality, privatization, political economy and gender divide in the contemporary Indian city. The book argues for greater urban inclusion (social, economic and environmental) acknowledged in principle, in national and international urban policy frameworks."--Publisher's website

'Sonic empowerment' is a cultural tendency in which sound plays an ever increasing role. Anyone is automatically involved and therefore holds an acoustic competence. Thus, this book focuses not only on the sounds that we hear, but also encourages the perception of sounds in cities as correlations rather than mere audible phenomena. By examining noise legislation, urban planning, sound design, media use, and cultural tendencies, Felix Urban proves the existence of an intertwined audible sphere in urban agglomerations. With Acoustic Competence, he addresses the scientific reader as well as any person interested in the audible sphere of our cities. On the basis of an interdisciplinary perspective, he summarises useful aspects of urban sound and cultural theory, which he then applies in two case studies: A deep dive into the diverse sound cultures of two vibrant and distinct cities-Johannesburg and Berlin.

"The migration of professionals is widely seen as a paradigmatic representation and a driver of globalization. The global elite of highly qualified migrants--managers and scientists, for example--are partly defined by their lives' mobility. But their everyday lives are based and take place in specific cities. The contributors of this book analyze the relevance of locality for a mobile group and provide a new perspective on migrant professionals by considering the relevance of social identities for local encounters in socially unequal cities. Contributors explore shifting identities, senses of belonging, and spatial and social inequalities and encounters between migrant professionals and 'Others' within the cities. These qualitative studies widen the understanding of the importance of local aspects for the social identities of those who are in many aspects more privileged than others"--

"With a foreword from Paul King, Chief Executive, UK Green Building Council and Chairman, Zero Carbon HubAs concerns over climate change and resource constraints grow, many cities across the world are trying to achieve a low carbon transition. Although new zero carbon buildings are an important part of the story, in existing cities the transformation of the current building stock and urban infrastructure must inevitably form the main focus for transitioning to a low carbon and sustainable future by 2050. Urban Retrofitting for Sustainability brings together interdisciplinary research contributions from leading international experts to focus on key issues such as systems innovation, financing tools, governance, energy, and water management. The chapters consider not only the knowledge and technical tools available, but looks forward to how they can be implemented in real cities by 2050. "--

A pioneering urban economist presents a myth-shattering look at the majesty and greatness of citiesAmerica is an urban nation, yet cities get a bad rap: they're dirty, poor, unhealthy, environmentally unfriendly . . . or are they? In this revelatory book, Edward Glaeser, a leading urban economist, declares that cities are actually the healthiest, greenest, and richest (in both cultural and economic terms) places to live. He travels through history and around the globe to reveal the hidden workings of cities and how they bring out the best in humankind. Using intrepid reportage, keen analysis, and cogent argument, Glaeser makes an urgent, eloquent case for the city's importance and splendor, offering inspiring proof that the city is humanity's greatest creation and our best hope for the future.A masterpiece. -Steven D. Levitt, coauthor of FreakonomicsBursting with insights. -The New York Times Book Review.