Suchergebnisse

Everywhere the issue has been examined, people make discriminations about others' physical attractiveness. Can human standards of physical attractiveness be understood through the lens of evolutionary biology? In the past decade, this question has guided much theoretical and empirical work. In this paper, we (a) outline the basic adaptationist approach that has guided the bulk of this work, (b) describe evolutionary models of signaling that have been applied to understand human physical attractiveness, and (c) discuss and evaluate specific lines of empirical research attempting to address the selective history of human standards of physical attractiveness. We also discuss ways evolutionary scientists have attempted to understand variability in standards of attractiveness across cultures as well as the ways current literature speaks to body modification in modern Western cultures. Though much work has been done, many fundamental questions remain unanswered.

Competency-based pay has become the focus of much heated debate today. While its advocates assert it achieves precisely measurable benefits, its opponents argue that it tends to lead to unfair, invalid, and discriminatory outcomes. Among companies that have implemented competency-based pay, there is evidence that the failure rate is relatively high. Over the next few years however, with the growing need to emphasize employee development, the authors expect to see a major movement toward formal competency-based pay systems and, along with an increase in experience and learnings, a greater rate of success. "It makes sense to put money behind those things the company values-skills, competencies, behavioral change. And, based on our observations to date, it can be a highly effective way to motivate employees and create change," the authors argue.

Closed-circuit television (CCTV) systems are the product of a long line of technological advances in several fields, including optics, electrical signal processing, and video display technology. Many different models are now on the market, and more advanced ones are frequently introduced. This article traces the development of early CCTV systems, examines CCTVs that are on the market today, and speculates on video magnification technology of the future, which will make extensive use of computer-related technology.