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Fifty years of research on the effect of TV violence on children leads to the inescapable conclusion that viewing media violence is related to increases in aggressive attitudes, values, and behaviors. The changes in aggression are both short term and long term, and these changes may be mediated by neurological changes in the young viewer. The effects of media violence are both real and strong and are confirmed by the careful reviews of research evidence by various scientific and professional organizations that are concerned with children's mental health and development.

Introducing a largely neglected area of existing interactions between Greco-Roman antiquity and media theory, this book addresses the question of why interactions in this area matter, and how they might be developed further. The volume seeks to promote more media attentiveness among scholars of Greece and Rome. It also aims to create more awareness of the presence of the classics in media theory. It foregrounds the persistency of Greco-Roman paradigms across the different strands of media theory. And it calls for a closer consideration of the conceptual underpinnings of scholarly practices around the transformation of ancient Greece and Rome into 'classical' cultures.

The contributions of news media representations to the problem of "othering" Third World women (TWW) are examined within the framework of Chandra Mohanty's "Under Western Eyes" (1991). Three related media techniques contribute to this problem: (1) tendency to view TWW as a homogeneous category; (2) TWW's representation as passive victims of a patriarchal culture; & (3) the exoticization of TWW & their construction into icons that stand for whole cultures. Short-term solutions to this problem include production of more careful, historical, & local analyses; avoidance of binary oppositions with the West; & relinquishment of Western culture & way as the normative basis for human society. Long-term solutions include changing journalist training & facilitation of ongoing interaction between media professionals & the media scholars who critique them. D. Generoli

An introduction to a double issue on "The Shaping of Public Opinion" explores the powerful impact of the media on perceptions of political reality & the lack of attention public-opinion researchers have given to the media as the source of people's stereotypes about the political world. It is maintained that ideas about what best serves a person's economic, racial, or gender interests are generally acquired from the mass media. Consideration is given to the importance of studying the impact of corporate owners on media content & the possibility that the receipt of different cultural messages is responsible for people's differing opinions. The nature of political knowledge is discussed, along with the fallacy of political debate; problematic aspects of expert authorities; & the media's ability to disseminate political myths. It is concluded that bringing the media back into the study of public opinion will require replacing interests with stereotypes produced by the media & other cultural mediators, & acknowledging the pervasiveness of ignorance of the world. A synopsis of each chapter is included. 14 References. J. Lindroth

The news media are a vital part of the process by which individuals' private experiences with crime -- as victims or offenders -- are transformed into public issues. The social construction of crime problems may be understood as reflecting the types of relationships that link news agencies to their sources, & the organizational constraints that structure the news-gathering process. How the news media collect, sort, & contextualize crime reports help to shape public consciousness regarding crime. Regarding the question of whether media attention promotes fear of crime, it is likely that the most significant effects of media reporting are broadly ideological, rather than narrowly attitudinal. By restricting the terms of discussion, the news media facilitate the marginalization of competing views regarding crime & its solution. Adapted from the source document.

The information policy of the official Russian and pro-Russian online media regarding the so-called Ukrainian crisis contributes to the formation of the image of a new "ideological enemy" in public consciousness. With the help of traditional techniques of political propaganda, persistent clichés, and vivid visual images, modern Russian cartoonists influence the emotional perception of the situation by the public and perpetuate new myths about Ukraine. This article examines how the formation and dissemination of the image of the "enemy" occurs through its representation in the genre of modern political caricature. Caricatures reflecting the attitude of Russian artists to the political and economic situation in the neighboring country, to the bilateral conflict, as well as to attempts to resolve it by influential world political actors are analyzed using examples of specific authors and the plots of their caricatures. ; The information policy of the official Russian and pro-Russian online media regarding the so-called Ukrainian crisis contributes to the formation of the image of a new "ideological enemy" in public consciousness. With the help of traditional techniques of political propaganda, persistent clichés, and vivid visual images, modern Russian cartoonists influence the emotional perception of the situation by the public and perpetuate new myths about Ukraine. This article examines how the formation and dissemination of the image of the "enemy" occurs through its representation in the genre of modern political caricature. Caricatures reflecting the attitude of Russian artists to the political and economic situation in the neighboring country, to the bilateral conflict, as well as to attempts to resolve it by influential world political actors are analyzed using examples of specific authors and the plots of their caricatures. ; The information policy of the official Russian and pro-Russian online media regarding the so-called Ukrainian crisis contributes to the formation of the image of a new "ideological ...

This book develops a three-pronged measure of media reputation, the overall evaluation of media coverage of a corporation. This new measure can also be used to assess the media reputations of other entities such as countries, states, cities, and universities.

1. Introduction : change of climate / Elisabeth Eide and Kaarina Nikunen -- 2. In case of diversity : dilemmas of sharing good practices across borders in European broadcasting / Gunilla Hulten and Karina Horsti -- 3. 'Drumming, drumming, drumming' : diversity work in Swedish newsrooms / Leonor Camauer -- 4. Investigators or integrators? Broadcast journalists covering multicultural Norway / Gunn Bjørnsen -- 5. Being me, being us, being them : experienced media actors negotiating their minority backgrounds / Elisabeth Eide -- 6. 'Just like vacuum cleaning.' : reporting the Roma beggar tourists in Norway / Anne Hege Simonsen -- 7. Borders of the Finnish nation : media politics and rape by 'foreign' perpetrators / Suvi Keskinen -- 8. 'Japanese, Japanese, Japanese.' : representations of East Asians and contemporary Swedish visual culture / Tobias Hubinette and Carina Tigervall -- 9. From lonely guest workers to conflict-ridden diasporas : a historical survey of Norwegian migrant cinema / Eva Bakøy -- 10. Sing a song, but stay out of politics : two cases of representations of racial/ethnic minorities in the Danish media / Rikke Andreassen -- 11. Commercial television, multicultural drama and migrant audiences in Finland / Mari Maasilta -- 12. Transcending the national imagery : digital online media and the transnational networks of ethnic minority youth in Norway / Henry Mainsah -- 13. Satellite living : transnational television and migrant youth in Finland / Kaarina Nikunen -- 14. Everyday mediated practices of citizenship : struggling with a new language and culture through media / Ulrika Sjoberg and Ingegerd Rydin -- 15. Understanding the audience in a multicultural society / Sharam Alghasi.

Circuits of Visibility explores transnational media environments as pathways to understand the gendered constructions and contradictions that underwrite globalization. Tracking the ways in which gendered subjects are produced and defined in transnationally networked, media saturated environments, Circuits of Visibility presents sixteen essays that collectively advance a discussion about sexual politics, media, technology, and globalization. Covering the internet, television, books, telecommunications, newspapers, and activist media work, the volume directs focused attention to the ways in whic

What are `alternative media'? Are they the same as underground, radical or oppositional media? In this book, Chris Atton offers a fresh introduction to alternative media: one which is not limited to `radical' media, but can also account for newer cultural forms such as zines, fanzines, and personal websites. Alternative Media : Examines how and why people produce and use alternative media - to make meaning, to interpret, and to change the world in which they live. Encompasses a wide range of alternative media and draws on examples from both the United States and United Kingdom. Locates contemp

A comprehensive introduction for students of media studies. It contains the chapters that include: approaching media texts; narrative; genres and other classifications; representations; globalisation; ideologies and discourses; the business of media; new media in a new world; the future of television; and, research - skills and methods