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Cyberspace is essential for socializing, learning, shopping, and just about everything in modern life. Yet, there is also a dark side to cyberspace: sub-national, transnational, and international actors are challenging the ability of sovereign governments to provide a secure environment for their citizens. Criminal groups hold businesses and local governments hostage through ransomware, foreign intelligence services steal intellectual property and conduct influence operations, governments attempt to rewrite Internet protocols to facilitate censorship, and militaries prepare to use cyberspace operations in wars. Security in the Cyber Age breaks-down how cyberspace works, analyzes how state and non-state actors exploit vulnerabilities in cyberspace, and provides ways to improve cybersecurity. Written by a computer scientist and national security scholar-practitioner, the book offers technological, policy, and ethical ways to protect cyberspace. Its interdisciplinary approach and engaging style make the book accessible to the lay audience as well as computer science and political science students

"This book examines differentiated integration in Europe, providing incisive analyses of domestic politics determinants - political conflict, party responses, citizens' preferences and other supply and demand side elements. The four countries compared - Germany, Poland, Switzerland and the United Kingdom - afford rich diversity offering broad empirical material available for cross-country analyses. Featuring interdisciplinary research, the book draws together recent developments in the evolution of European integration differentiation - its dynamics and determinants. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of European integration, comparative politics, political psychology, international relations, and more broadly to European (area) studies"--

"The European Union in a Global Context explores the interplay between the state and state sovereignty, nationalism, European integration and globalisation. It provides essential foundations in these areas, while using stimulating arguments to prompt discussion and provoke interest in the relationships between these processes. It critically analyses the challenges faced by the EU from the contemporary political and economic dynamics of globalisation (IPE), including trading relationships set through the WTO and bilateral relations with emerging markets, especially the BRIC economies. Likewise, pressures from within, such as a resurgence of nationalism, localisation, anti-austerity politics, and Euroscepticism are examined. While the Union is fundamentally challenged by pressures from above and below, and by its own internal dysfunction, it remains central to the effective management of the international political economy. The European Union in a Global Context is a lively, focussed and engaging text, incorporating anecdotes and contemporary arguments, and presenting different perspectives on European integration and globalisation. It will be of key interest to European Politics, European Studies, European Union Studies and more broadly to global political economy, foreign and security policy and international relations"--

"Urban Planning During Socialism examines the transformations of cities during the period of state socialism of the 20th century, summarizing the urban and architectural studies that trace their transformations. The book focuses primarily on the periphery of the socialist world, both spatially and in terms of scholarly thinking. It does so through a case study of Budapest's post-war urbanisation and Valga, Estonia drawing on cultural and material studies to demonstrate diverse and novel concepts of 'periphery' through transformations of socialist cityscapes rather than homogenous views on cities during the period of state socialism of the 20th century. In doing so the book explores the transversalities of political, economic, and social phenomena; the places for everyday life in socialist cities; the role of professional communities on production and reproduction of space and ecological thinking. This book is aimed at scholarly readership, in particular scholars in architecture, urban planning, and geography, as well as undergraduate, graduate, and post-graduate students in these disciplines studying the urban transformation of cities after World War II in socialist countries. It will also be of interest for planning officials, architects, policymakers and activists in former socialist countries"--

"In the wake of controversial disclosures of classified government information by WikiLeaks and Edward Snowden, questions about secrecy and the legitimacy of political institutions is rarely far from the headlines. Furthermore, state secrecy persists both in the foreign and domestic policy of democratic states, in the form of classified intelligence programs, espionage, secret military operations, diplomatic discretion, closed-door political bargaining, and bureaucratic opacity. This book explores important philosophical questions and issues surrounding democratic secrecy, above all whether the state's claim to restrict access to information can be justified. Dorota Mokrosinka examines the democratic status of secret uses of political power, arguing that secrecy is in fact a fundamental form of democratic governance, rather than an exception, and that secrecy protects the integrity of the democratic decision-making process. Examples such as the Manhattan Project, the Iraq war, collaboration between international secret services, secret voting and the Wiki-Leaks and Snowden disclosures are used throughout the book. State Secrecy and Democracy: A Philosophical Inquiry is essential reading for those in political philosophy, ethics, politics, international relations and security studies and law"--

Cover -- Half Title -- Series -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Introduction: gripping with the myth of neutrality -- Part 1 Defining expertise -- 1 Trustworthy experts and untrustworthy experts: insights from the cognitive psychology of expertise -- 2 Covid-19 and denialism: a primer on cognitive psychology for science communicators and policymakers -- 3 Do we still need experts? -- 4 Hypocritical experts -- 5 The epistemic authority of practice -- Part 2 Expertise in action -- 6 Reimagining expertise and neutrality towards epistemic justice in research, clinical translation, and policy: a perspective from neuroethics -- 7 Expertise in action: insights from naturalistic decision making (NDM) -- 8 What the pandemic showed us about reason and values -- 9 The priests of the biomedical religion: against a flawed understanding of experts -- 10 Scarce resource allocation during infectious disease outbreaks: a communitarian perspective -- Part 3 Expertise and its values in the New World -- 11 Legal expertise and its subject matter within common law adjudication -- 12 The revolution of (neuroscience) experts in the courtroom? -- 13 When the politics of contextuality (can) subvert science: a case study of Australian women's perceptions of alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk -- 14 The post-truth challenge to expertise -- 15 Expertise for a New World: is bioarchaeology fit for purpose? -- List of Contributors -- Index.

Susi offers a novel non-coherence theory of digital human rights to explain the change in meaning and scope of human rights rules, principles, ideas and concepts, and the interrelationships and related actors, when moving from the physical domain into the online domain. The transposition into the digital reality can alter the meaning of well-established offline human rights to a wider or narrower extent, impacting core concepts such as transparency, legal certainty and foreseeability. Susi analyses the 'loss in transposition' of some core features of the rights to privacy and freedom of expression. The non-coherence theory is used to explore key human rights theoretical concepts, such as the network society approach, the capabilities approach, transversality, and self-normativity, and it is also applied to e-state and artificial intelligence, challenging the idea of the sameness of rights. This title is part of the Flip it Open programme and may also be available Open Access. Check our website Cambridge Core for details

Prohibited 'use of force' under article 2(4) of the UN Charter and customary international law has until now not been clearly defined, despite its central importance in the international legal order and for international peace and security. This book accordingly offers an original framework to identify prohibited uses of force, including those that use emerging technology or take place in newer military domains such as outer space. In doing so, Erin Pobjie explains the emergence of the customary prohibition of the use of force and its relationship with article 2(4) and identifies the elements of a prohibited 'use of force'. In a major contribution to the scholarship, the book proposes a framework that defines a 'use of force' in international law and applies this framework to illustrative case studies to demonstrate its usefulness as a tool for legal scholars, practitioners and students. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core

Leadership from Bad to Worse is about how leadership that is bad, invariably, inexorably, gets worse-unless it is somehow, by someone or something, stopped or slowed. This work draws on four cases of bad leadership-two in political leadership, two in business leadership-to show how it goes from bad to worse. Kellerman finds that bad leadership and bad followership go through four phases of development: 1) Onward and Upward; 2) Followers Join In; 3) Leaders Start In; and 4) Bad to Worse. These findings correctly suggest that the book, in addition to being of theoretical interest, is of practical import. It is intended, deliberately, to serve as an early warning system. By breaking bad leadership and followership into phases-each more ominous and ultimately dangerous than the one preceding-their progression will be easier to predict and detect. And easier, therefore, to slow or, preferably, to stop before they turn toxic. Bad leadership is a social disease. But unlike diseases that are physical or psychological, it remains at the margins of our collective concerns. Leadership from Bad to Worse is, then, a corrective. Knowing that bad leadership can be checked before it corrupts is knowing that bad and then worse can be, if not completely precluded, then sometimes short-circuited.

"China's Greater Bay Area (GBA) - previously referred to as the Pearl River Delta - is one of the world's largest megacity regions, and China's foremost technological, economic, social and cultural node. Patchell integrates agglomeration concepts with the GBA's conditions to explain the region's rise, innovativeness, and resilience. He reveals how the GBA works as differentiated and semi-interdependent systems, providing a window into the GBA and China, while also providing the basis for a comparative approach to megacities and mega regions. Key topics discussed in the book include: - the early development of the GBA, its mix of indigenous and exogenous investments and expertise, and the forces that compelled its upgrading from process manufacturing - the regional strengths in clusters, transportation networks, and the regional innovation system - the role of multi-level governance in balancing national directives, municipal autonomy and regional complementarities - consequences of the GBA's agglomeration for social structure and mobility, communities, sustainable development and resilience for the future. Written in an accessible and rigorous manner, this textbook is ideal for a course on this important region, for comparative courses on agglomeration and largescale urban development, and for people wanting greater understanding of urban processes and China"--

Part I -- early human societies -- Punishment in hunting and gathering societies -- Early civilizations and a transformation of punishment -- Part II -- the classical and postclassical periods -- The classical societies -- The postclassical period and the role of religion -- Part III -- the early modern period, 1450-1800 -- The empires of Asia and Eastern Europe -- New prisons and new ideas in Western Europe -- Punishment in the new European colonies -- Part IV -- the nineteenth century -- An age of reform and its limitations: Western Europe and beyond -- Reform efforts in Asia, Russia, and Latin America -- Punishment in the new empires: from the 19th century to the mid-1950s -- Part V -- the contemporary period -- Major changes -- Regional patterns in the contemporary period.