Suchergebnisse

Una serie de indicadores demuestran una diferencia fundamental en la imagen internacional que presentan America Latina y el Sudeste Asiatico. Primeramente, la estabilidad politica de algunos paises latinoamericanos parece insegura, a pesar del proceso de redemocratizacion en curso. En segundo lugar, mientras el crecimiento de America Latina en los anos 80 ha sido negativo, el Sudeste Asiatico logro grandes progresos economicos. En base a estas afirmaciones, el autor plantea tres puntos relevantes para la discusion sobre el futuro de ambas regiones

Hanois Streben nach Äquidistanz zu Moskau und Peking, Vietnams Abhängigkeit von sowjetischer Hilfe: eine Quelle von Spannungen. Hanois Bemühen um eine Eingrenzung des sowjetischen Einflusses in den indonesischen Staaten. Vietnamesisches Mißtrauen gegenüber dem sino-sowjetischen Annäherungsprozeß. Einstellung der ASEAN-Staaten der UdSSR gegenüber vor und nach 1978. Birmas Beziehungen zur Sowjetunion seit 1948. (DÜI-Sen)

Abstract - The genus Bursaphelenchus comprises almost 100 species mainly from the northern hemisphere, with conifers as the most important hosts. Among the various nematode species, the pine wood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is the casual agent of pine wilt disease (PWD), and the most important forest pest for pines worldwide, classified as an A1 quarantine organism within the European Union. In 1999 this nematode was detected for the first time in Portugal and Europa associated with maritime pine, Pinus pinaster. Following detection, a national program denominated "Programa Nacional de Luta contra o Nemátodo da Madeira do Pinheiro" (PROLUNP) was created to, among other objectives, determine the distribution of the PWN and its associated vector(s) and host(s), and therefore intensive surveys covering the entire country were conducted with thousands of wood samples and suspected insects being analyzed. This thesis presents the listing, distribution, frequency and the insects associated with Bursaphelenchus species found associated with maritime pine in Portugal, identifying and characterizing the various species by morphological, biometrical and molecular biology (ITS-RFLP and rDNA sequencing analysis) techniques. To achieve the objectives, a total of 4813 maritime pine wood samples and 3294 insects from 22 species and six families were individually analyzed. A total of nine Bursaphelenchus species were found, namely: B. antoniae, B. hellenicus, B. leoni, B. mucronatus, B. pinasteri, B. sexdentati, B. teratospicularis, B. tusciae and B. xylophilus, all of them (with the exception of B. xylophilus) being new records for Portugal. Some of the species appear to have a widespread distribution, such as B. leoni, B. teratospicularis and B. tusciae while others were very rarely found and apparently have a localized distribution range within the country, namely B. antoniae and B. mucronatus. The majority of the species is characteristic of the Mediterranean region and can also be found in countries such as Spain, Italy and Greece, reflecting the affinity of our fauna with those locations. The association of B. hellenicus and B. tusciae with maritime pine is here reported for the first time. Six of the Bursaphelenchus species were also found associated with insects, mainly from the family Scolytidae (Coleoptera). Some of these interactions were described for the first time, namely: B. hellenicus with both Ips sexdentatus and Hylurgus ligniperda, B. sexdentati with both H. ligniperda and Orthotomicus erosus and B. tusciae with H. ligniperda. The exclusive association of B. xylophilus with the cerambycid Monochamus galloprovincialis was also confirmed. The nematode's dauer juveniles were usually found in low numbers in the insect vectors (ca 10-100 per insect), although for B. xylophilus a few thousand specimens per insect were sometimes found. The location of the dauer juveniles differed according to the species, although they were more common under the elytra and wings of the adult insects. A species new to science was detected and formally described as B. antoniae, associated with Hylobius sp. (Coleoptera; Curculionidae) beetles. Morphologically, this new species is very similar to B. hylobianum, although it's distinct ITS-RFLP molecular pattern (with only the enzyme Haelll producing comparable restriction bands) and the failure of hybridization supported the two species as distinct entities. Additional phylogenetic analysis of the 18S rDNA sequence further supported the taxonomical proximity of B. antoniae with B. hylobianum. Concerning the PWN, detailed studies on the development and morphology of B. xylophilus were conducted, and comparative measurements of field-collected and laboratory-maintained populations demonstrated that nematodes from the second group displayed larger size in all morphometric parameters, which could derive from more adequate conditions of nourishment and/or temperature. Taxonomical studies on the development stages of B. xylophilus confirmed the existence of four propagative juvenile stages (J1,J2,J3 and J4), an adult stage with both sexes and two dispersal stages (jIII e jIV), with the measurements of the gonad length allowing the separation of the propagative stages. It is hoped that the acquired knowledge will be useful on future surveys of nematodes of the Bursaphelenchus genus collected from either wood material or insect vectors, and facilitate the correct distinction and identification of the various species which are now known to occur. ### Resumo - 0 género Bursaphelenchus compreende quase 100 espécies, distribuídas sobretudo nos países do hemisfério norte do globo terrestre. Embora algumas espécies já tenham sido detectadas em plantas herbáceas, os hospedeiros vegetais mais comuns deste género são as coníferas, particularmente pinheiros. 0 nemátode da madeira do pinheiro (NMP), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, é considerado a espécie mais importante deste género uma vez que é o agente causal da doença da murchidão dos pinheiros ("pine wilt disease"). Originário dos Estados Unidos, onde não causa grande impacte, o NMP foi introduzido em alguns países da Ásia (China, Japão, Coreia e Taiwan) e mais recentemente na Europa (Portugal). Nestas regiões é responsável pela destruição de milhares de hectares de coníferas, assumindo uma elevada importância económica. Em Portugal, depois da sua detecção em 1999, associado a Pinus pinaster, foi implementado um programa nacional "Programa Nacional de Luta contra o Nemátodo da Madeira do Pinheiro" (PROLUNP) que permitiu determinar a área afectada pela praga (a sul do rio Tejo, península de Setúbal) bem como definir e implementar estratégias de controlo e prevenção da disseminação do NMP a outras zonas de Portugal. Recentemente, em Junho de 2008, foi confirmada a presença de B. xylophilus em outras regiões de Portugal levando as autoridades oficiais a definir todo o território continental como zona afectada e de restrição. As prospecções intensivas realizadas nos últimos anos incluíram a recolha e análise de milhares de amostras de madeira de pinheiro bem como de insectos associados ao pinheiro bravo conduzindo à identificação de várias espécies de Bursaphelenchus. Assim, os estudos conduzidos neste trabalho tiveram como objectivos efectuar uma caracterização morfológica, biométrica e molecular das espécies associadas a P. pinaster em Portugal bem como a sua distribuição geográfica e abundância. Os estudos biométricos foram realizados com populações extraídas directamente do meio natural. Foi ainda realizada uma pesquisa que permitiu identificar os insectos a que estão associadas essas espécies, os seus possíveis vectores. Foram analisadas no total 4813 amostras de P. pinaster e 3294 insectos (22 espécies pertencentes a seis famílias diferentes). Foram identificadas um total de nove espécies: B. antoniae n. sp., B. hellenicus, B. leoni, B. mucronatus, B. pinasteri, B. sexdentati, B. teratospicularis, B. tusciae e B. xylophilus. Foram realizados estudos morfológicos e biométricos de todas as espécies com excepção de B. mucronatus; o reduzido número de exemplares encontrados em apenas uma amostra foram utilizados para efectuar o diagnóstico molecular desta espécie (ITS-RFLP). Apesar de ter havido, sempre que possível, a confirmação molecular, na maioria dos casos a caracterização morfológica e biométrica permitiu a correcta identificação das espécies. Contudo, foi imprescindível a análise molecular em algumas amostras, nomeadamente para a identificação de B. xylophilus e B. sexdentati; dada a grande semelhança entre B. xylophilus e B. mucronatus e tendo sido encontradas algumas populações de B. xylophilus que possuíam fêmeas com cauda mucronada, foi necessária a realização da confirmação molecular. Com excepção de B. xylophilus, todas as outras espécies foram reportadas pela primeira vez em Portugal. Juntamente com B. xylophilus, B. pinasteri foi a espécie encontrada nas amostras de madeira de pinheiro com maior frequência. Algumas destas espécies como B. leoni, B. teratospicularis e B. tusciae foram reportadas em diferentes localidades do norte, centro e sul de Portugal, apresentando uma vasta distribuição geográfica; este resultado está em consonância com a forte associação destas espécies a climas mediterrânicos tal como acontece em Espanha, França, Itália e Grécia. Em oposição, espécies como B. antoniae e B. mucronatus foram encontradas apenas numa ocasião na região centro (Leiria) e norte (Figueira da Foz) do país, respectivamente. Bursaphelenchus mucronatus é igualmente pouco frequente em Espanha onde ocorre sobretudo na região norte, na Galiza. Esta espécie preferirá climas mais frios, ocorrendo com uma maior frequência nas regiões de latitude norte; esta análise é corroborada pela presença constante em países como Alemanha, Finlândia, França, Noruega, Rússia e Suécia. A nível mundial são descritas neste trabalho pela primeira vez as associações das espécies B. hellenicus e B. tusciae ao hospedeiro vegetal P. pinaster.

Introduction: In the juncture of media convergence and tourism : towards a research agenda / Maria Månsson, Cecilia Cassinger, Lena Eskilsson & Annæ Buchmann -- Invited contribution : the Janus face of transmedia tourism : towards a logistical turn in media and tourism studies / André Jansson -- Invited contribution : mind the gap : interdisciplinary approaches to media and tourism / Anne Marit Waade -- Theme parks : where media and tourism converge / Sabrina Mittermeier -- Cinematic tourism in a time of media convergence : a spatial framework / Giulia Lavarone -- What do Melania Trump tourism and Dracula tourism have in common? 'Othering' in the Western media discourse / Maja Turnšek, Andreja Trdina & Barbara Pavlakovič -- Confronting the gaze, gripping the virtual : a cultural materialist perspective on cinema-tourism studies / Sofia Sampaio -- Promoting cultural heritage in a post-digital context : a speculative future for the online archive / Adriaan Odendaal & Karla Zavala -- Physical digital labour and the commoditisation of cultural sites : mediatising tourism through social mapping / Kathleen Kuehn & Michael Daubs -- Football tourism and the sounds of televised matches / Nicolai J. Graakjær & Rasmus Grøn -- Pop idols, mediatized places and identity-oriented performances of fans as domestic tourists in Japan / Yunuen Ysela Mandujano-Salazar -- Do you feel the warmth? The online destination image of Southeast Asia / Maria Criselda G. Badilla -- Tourism and popcorns : the role of feature films in branding and marketing destination New Zealand / Natàlia Ferrer-Roca -- Official destination websites : a place's showcase to the world / José Fernández-Cavia -- Doing as directed : analysing representations of travel in contemporary Bollywood cinema / Apoorva Nanjangud -- Representation of food and tourism in legacy media : rediscovering the roots / Francesc Fusté-Forné & Pere Masip -- Liminality and the stranger : understanding tourists and their landscapes through True Detective / Hazel Andrews & Les Roberts -- Co-creation constrained : exploring gazes of the destination on Instagram / Cecilia Cassinger & Åsa Thelander -- Representations of a green Ireland : a case study of global franchises Star Wars and Game of Thrones / Pat Brereton -- Representation of the UAE as a touristic destination in Nat Geo Abu Dhabi : an analytical study / Alyaa Anter -- Rewriting history, revitalizing heritage : heritage-based contents tourism in the Asia-Pacific region / Philip Seaton & Sue Beeton -- Challenges of film-induced tourism in Croatia : from Winnetou to Game of Thrones / Božo Skoko & Katarina Miličević -- Beaten tracks : belatedness and anti-tourism in guidebooks / Tim Hannigan -- Film tourism and a changing cultural landscape for New Zealand : the influence of Pavlova westerns / Warwick Frost & Jennifer Laing -- Tourists' place-making performances through music / Jörgen Eksell & Maria Månsson -- Tourists' filmic representations on YouTube : a case study analysis of two mediatised visits to the Mursi in Ethiopia / Tom Sintobin & Anke Tonnaer -- Star gazing : The nexus and disparity between the media, tourism and cultural heritage in Ireland / Áine Mc Adam -- Commemorating popular media heritage : from shrines of fandom to sites of memory / Christian Hviid Mortensen -- Media tourism, culinary cultures, and embodied fan experience : visiting Hannibal's Florence / Rebecca Williams -- Scene hunting for anime locations : Otaku tourism in the cool Japan / Antonio Loriguillo-López -- Behind-the-(museum)scenes : fan-curated exhibitions as tourist attractions / Philipp Dominik Keidl -- Creating sacred sites of pop culture in the Internet age : creative fandoms and the mediatization of sites / Kyungjae Jang & Takayoshi Yamamura -- I came, I saw, I selfied : travelling in the age of Instagram / Ana Oliveira Garner -- The mediatisation of Sherlock Holmes : autoethnographic observations on literary and film tourism / Annæ Buchmann -- Cultural intimacy of fans/travellers : popular culture and the politics of classification / Andreja Trdina, Barbara Pavlakovič & Maja Turnšek -- The role of stories in travel posts to social media / John Pearce & Gianna Moscardo -- Evaluating multiple portrayals of destination image : assessing, categorising and authenticating visuals on Facebook posted by national tourism organisations / Nicholas Wise -- The digital tourist bureau : challenges and opportunities when transferring to a digital value creation / Sara Leckner & Carl Magnus Olsson -- Tourist information search in the age of mediatization / Lena Eskilsson, Maria Månsson, Jan Henrik Nilsson & Malin Zillinger -- Towards sustainable nautical tourism -- exploring transmedia storytelling / Fani Galatsopoulou & Clio Kenterelidou -- The nexus between tourism heritage attraction, media, and fashion / Kim Williams -- Online and on tour : the smartphone effect in transmedia contexts / Susan Carson & Mark Pennings -- Smartphone as the invisible backpack : the impact of smartphone on Chinese backpackers' mobility pattern / Jia Xie -- Afterword: Participatory placemakers : socio-spatial orderings along the nexus of tourism and media / Szilvia Gyimóthy.

Introduction : the worlds of environmental justice / Ryan Holifield, Jayajit Chakraborty, and Gordon Walker -- Historicizing the personal and the political : evolving racial formations and the environmental justice movement / Laura Pulido -- 3social movements for environmental justice through the lens of social movement theory / Diane M. Sicotte and Robert J. Brulle -- Environmental justice movements and political opportunity structures / David N. Pellow -- Environmental justice and rational choice theory / William M. Bowen -- The political economy of environmental justice / Daniel Faber -- Feminism and environmental justice / Greta Gaard -- Opening black boxes : environmental justice and injustice through the lens of science and technology studies / Gwen Ottinger -- Procedural environmental justice / Derek Bell and Jayne Carrick -- The recognition paradigm of environmental injustice / Kyle Whyte -- A capabilities approach to environmental injustice / Rosie Day -- Vulnerability, equality, and environmental justice : the potential and limits of law / Sheila Foster -- Environmental human rights / Kerri Woods -- Sustainability discourses and justice : towards social-ecological justice / Ulrika Gunnarsson-Östling and Åsa Svenfelt -- Spatial representation and estimation of environmental risk : a review of analytic approaches / Jayajit Chakraborty -- Assessing population at risk : areal interpolation and dasymetric mapping / Juliana Maantay and Andrew Maroko -- Application of spatial statistical techniques / Jeremy Mennis and Megan Heckert -- Historical approaches to environmental justice / Christopher G. Boone and Geoffrey L. Buckley -- The ethics of embodied engagement : ethnographies of environmental justice / Kathleen M. de Onís and Phaedra C. Pezzullo -- Storytelling environmental justice : cultural studies approaches / Donna Houston and Pavithra Vasudevan -- Facilitating transdisciplinary conversations in environmental justice studies / Jonathan K. London, Julie Sze, and Mary L. Cadenasso -- Cumulative risk assessment : an analytic tool to inform policy choices about environmental justice / Ken Sexton and Stephen H. Linder -- A review of community-engaged research approaches used to achieve environmental justice and eliminate disparities / Jacoby Wilson, Aaron Aber, Lindsey Wright, and Vivek Ravichandran -- Participatory GIS and community-based citizen science for environmental justice action / Muki Haklay and Louise Francis -- Streams of toxic and hazardous waste disparities, politics, and policy / Troy D. Abel and Mark Stephan -- Air pollution and respiratory health : does better evidence lead to policy paralysis? / Michael Buzzelli -- Water justice : key concepts, debates and research agendas / Leila M. Harris, Scott McKenzie, Lucy Rodina, Sameer H. Shah, Nicole J. Wilson -- Environmental justice and flood hazards : a conceptual framework applied to emerging findings and future research needs / Timothy W. Collins and Sara E. Grineski -- Climate change and environmental justice / Philip Coventry and Chukwumerije Okereke -- Environmental justice and large-scale mining / Leire Urkidi and Mariana Walter -- Justice in energy system transitions : a synthesis and agenda / Karen Bickerstaff -- Transportation and environmental justice : history and emerging practice / Alex Karner, Aaron Golub, Karel Martens, Glenn Robinson -- Food justice : an environmental justice approach to food and agriculture / Alison Hope Alkon -- Environmental crime and justice : a green criminological examination / Michael J. Lynch and Kimberly L. Barrett -- Urban parks, gardens and greenspace / Jason Byrne -- Urban planning, community (re)development, and environmental gentrification : emerging challenges for green and equitable neighbourhoods / Isabelle Anguelovski, Anna Livia Brand, Eric Chu, and Kian Goh -- Just conservation : the evolving relationship between society and protected areas / Maureen G. Reed and Colleen George -- Free-market economics, multinational corporations and environmental justice in a globalized world / Ruchi Anand -- Global environmental justice / Leah Temper -- Environmental justice for a changing arctic and its original peoples / Alana Shaw -- Environmental injustice in resource-rich Aboriginal Australia / Donna Green, Marianne Sullivan and Karrina Nolan -- Environmental justice across borders : lessons from the US-Mexico borderlands / Sara E. Grineski and Timothy W. Collins -- The dawn of environmental justice? : the record of left and socialist governance in Central and South America / Karen Bell -- Urban environmental (in)justice in Latin America : the case of Chile / Alexis Vásquez, Michael Lukas, Marcela Salgado and José Mayorga -- Environmental justice in Nigeria : divergent tales, paradoxes and future prospects / Rhuks T. Ako and Damilola S. Olawuyi -- Sub-imperial ecosystem management in Africa : continental implications of South African environmental injustices / Patrick Bond -- Environmental justice and attachment to place : Australian cases / David Schlosberg, Lauren Rickards, and Jason Byrne -- Environmental justice in South and Southeast Asia : inequalities and struggles in rural and urban contexts / Pratyusha Basu -- Environmental justice in a transitional and transboundary context in East Asia / Mei-Fang Fan and Kuei-Tien Chou -- Environmental justice in Western Europe / Heike Köckler, Séverine Deguen, Andrea Ranzi, Anders Melin, and Gordon Walker -- Environmental justice in Central and Eastern Europe : mobilization, stagnation, and detraction / Tamara Steger, Richard Filcak, and Krista Harper

This September 18 marks the 23rd anniversary of the law that launched the so-called "War on Terror": the 2001 Authorization for Use of Military Force, also known as the 2001 AUMF.Passed by Congress a mere three days after the attacks of September 11, the 2001 AUMF still serves as the primary legal basis for a host of military operations around the globe. From air strikes against al-Shabaab in Somalia, hostilities against Iran-backed militias in Iraq and Syria, and detention operations at Guantanamo Bay, the 2001 AUMF has been the legal backbone for a series of wars that have continued for more than two decades — twice as long as the world wars combined.The forever wars we find ourselves in were far from the intention of the Congress that passed the 2001 AUMF, which only permits the use of force against the "nations, organizations, or persons [the president determined] planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11, 2001, or harbored such organizations or persons." While not explicitly named in the AUMF, these were well understood to be al-Qaida — who carried out the 9/11 attacks — and the Taliban, who harbored them in Afghanistan.So, how did we get here? How, with the war in Afghanistan having ended three years ago, is the executive branch still relying on a decades-old war authorization for operations against groups that didn't even exist when it was passed?While the 2001 AUMF was intended to apply to just al-Qaida and the Taliban, the absence of clear limiting language and some impressive legal gymnastics have seen successive presidential administrations expand it to cover numerous organizations across almost two dozen countries. The wars conducted under the 2001 AUMF have resulted in the loss of at least 432,000 civilian lives and expanded use of military force from South Asia to Africa and Southeast Asia, all without explicit congressional approval.A significant driver of the overbreadth of the 2001 AUMF is the executive branch's claim that it authorizes the use of force against "associated forces." This concept — which is nowhere to be found in the text of the law — posits that the authorization can be applied to armed groups that are "co-belligerents" of al-Qaida or the Taliban. While the concept of co-belligerency exists in international law, it lacks a formal definition. Furthermore, the way the executive branch has applied co-belligerency in the War on Terror has been criticized as "fluid, evolving, [and] internally contested." The inherently flexible nature of the associated forces notion has led consecutive administrations to apply the 2001 AUMF to groups unconnected to the 9/11 attacks, some of whom — like ISIS — did not even exist in 2001. It is what has allowed the 2001 AUMF to become what many call a "blank check for war."A new report from the Friends Committee on National Legislation (FCNL) assessing all 30 AUMFs passed by Congress going back to 1789, finds the 2001 AUMF the only one in history without any clear and specific limits regarding who it will be used against, where it will be used, what actions can be carried out, or how long the authorization will remain active.This finding highlights just how unprecedented the 2001 AUMF's lack of limits is. Any replacement for the 2001 AUMF and all future authorizations must adhere to our long history of necessary restrictions by including limits as to time, geography, and enemy, and explicitly exclude the possibility of an unchecked president adding additional "associated forces" to the authorization.Various attempts have been made to sunset or revise the 2001 AUMF, the most recent being a 2023 House effort, which culminated in a hearing last September before grinding to a halt. Despite the challenges, members of Congress who take on this task should be applauded for their efforts.The need to revisit the 2001 AUMF is clear. FCNL's new report should inform members of Congress as they consider the necessary limits on any replacement and how to craft any future AUMFs. Deciding if, when, and where the U.S. engages in military action is the responsibility of Congress, which has a long history of including necessary limits in AUMFs.Congress must ensure it never again passes a war authorization that cedes its war authority to the executive branch by failing to appropriately limit force. Failing to do so will only lead to a world of continued endless wars and devastation. We have enough of that already.

Book reviewed in this article:CITIZEN TO SOLDIER: Australia before the Great War: Recollections of Members of the First A.I.F. Edited by J.N.I. Dawes and L.L. RobsonTHE FEMINISTS: Women's Emancipation Movements in Europe, America and Australasia, 1840–1920. By Richard J. EvansA GROUP CALLED WOMEN: Sisterhood and Symbolism in the Feminist Movement. By Joan CassellA PORTRAIT OF MARGINALITY: The Political Behavior of the American Woman. Edited by Marianne Githens and Jewel I. RestageRACE RELATIONS AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND: A Comparative Survey 1770s‐1970s. By K.R. HoweT.J. RYAN: A Political Biography. By D.J. MurphyPOINTS AND POLITICS: A History of the Electrical Trades Union of Queensland. By Archie DawsonMUNGO'S CANBERRA. By Mungo MacCallumNEW FEDERALISM IN AUSTRALIA: Rhetoric or Reality? By A. Peachment and G.S. ReidTOWARDS A NATIONALLY INTEGRATED HEALTH‐WELFARE SYSTEM FOR AUSTRALIA. By Michael CourtMELBOURNE STUDIES IN EDUCATION 1977. Edited by Stephen Murray‐SmithA PLACE OF DIGNITY: Report of a Survey of Homeless People and Homeless Persons Assistance Centres. Published by Department of Social SecurityGOVERNMENT REGULATION AND THE PRINTED MEDIA INDUSTRY. By Kenneth W. Wiltshire and Charles H. StokesTHE CONTROL OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN A FEDERATION: Canadian and Australian Experience. By Garth StevensonAUSTRALIAN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN INDONESIA: A Case Study. By Kate ShortADELAIDE AT THE CENSUS 1971: A Social Atlas. By Blair Badcock, Dean Jaensch and Michael WilliamsA NATION FOR A CONTINENT: The History of Australia 1901–1975. By Russel WardBRITISH PATERNALISM AND AFRICA 1920–1940. By Penelope HetheringtonISLANDS AND EMPIRES: Western Impact on the Pacific and East Asia. By Ernest S. DodgeCOMMUNIST PARTY POWER IN KAMPUCHEA (CAMBODIA): Documents and Discussion. Edited by Timothy Michael CarneyCHANGING IDENTITIES IN MODERN SOUTHEAST ASIA. Edited by David J. BanksPOLITICAL CHANGE IN JAPAN. By Taketsugu TsurutaniJAPAN, CHINA AND THE MODERN WORLD ECONOMY: Toward a Re‐interpretation of East Asian Development ca 1600 to ca 1918. By Frances V. MoulderAGRARIAN STRUCTURES AND AGRARIAN REFORM: Exercises in Development Theory and Policy. By S.1. CohenMALAYS AND MODERNIZATION: A Sociological Interpretation. By Tharn Seong CheeTHE CONGRESS IN TAMILNAD: Nationalist Politics in South India, 1919–1937. By David ArnoldTHE NEW INTERNATIONAL MONETARY SYSTEM. Edited by Robert A. Mundell and Jacques J. PolakINTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: A Policymaker Focus. By Robert L. WendzelTHE WORST DISASTER: The Fall of Singapore. By Raymond Callahan.THE SOUTHERN OCEANS AND THE SECURITY OF THE FREE WORLD: New Studies in Global Strategy. Edited by Patrick WallTHE FRENCH POLITY. By William SafranNAPOLEON AND THE RESTORATION OF THE BOURBONS: The completed portion of Macaulay's projected History of France, from the Restoration of the Bourbons to the Accession of Louis Philippe. By Thomas Babington MacaulayPOLAND IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY. By M.K. DziewanowskiPOLITICAL CULTURE AND POLITICAL CHANGE IN COMMUNIST STATES. Edited by Archie Brown and Jack GrayWINTER INTO SPRING: The Czechoslovak Press and the Reform Movement, 1963–1968. By Frank L. KaplanTHE HUNGARIAN LABOR SERVICE SYSTEM 1939–1945. By Randolph L. BrahamTRADITION VERSUS REVOLUTION: Russia and the Balkans in 1917. By Robert H. JohnstonC.P. TREVELYAN 1870–1958: Portrait of a Radical. By A.J.A. MorrisSOCIAL CONTROL IN NINETEENTH CENTURY BRITAIN. Edited by A.P. DonajgrodzkiCOLLECTIVE BARGAINING: What You Always Wanted to Know about Trade Unions and Never Dared to Ask. By Clive Jenkins and Barrie ShermanBY COLOUR OF LAW: Legal Culture and Constitutional Politics in England, 1660–1689. By Howard NennerREFORM AND REFORMATION: England 1509–1558. By G.R. EltonTHE POLITICAL WORKS OF JAMES HARRINGTON. Edited by J.G.A. PocockTHE LOCKE READER: Selections from the Works of John Locke with a general introduction and commentary. By John W. YoltonMARX AND EDUCATION IN RUSSIA AND CHINA. By Ronald F. PriceAN INFANTILE DISORDER? The Crisis and Decline of the New Left. By Nigel YoungPOLITICAL PARADOXES AND PUZZLES. By Arun BosePOLITICAL SOCIOLOGY. A Macrosociology of Politics. By Edward W. LehmannFEUERBACH. By Marx W. WartofskyMARX'S 'CAPITAL' AND CAPITALISM TODAY. Volume One. By Antony Cutler, Barry Hindess, Paul Hirst and Athar HussainDER 'FABIER' EDUARD BERNSTEIN: Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des evolutiončren Sozialismus. By Helmut HirschBERNSTEINS KONSTRUKTIVER SOZIALISMUS: Eduard Bernsteins Beitrag zur Theorie des Sozialismus. Thomas MeyerSCANDAL SENSATION AND SOCIAL DEMOCRACY: The SPD Press and Wilhelmine Germany 1890–1914. By Alex HallIM SCHATTEN DER ARBEITERBEWEGUNG: Zur Geschichte des Anarchismus in Osterreich und DeutschlandTHE IMPACT OF HITLER: British Polltics and British Policy 1933–1940. By Maurice CowlingGERMANY IN THE PACIFIC AND THE FAR EAST. 1870–1914. Edited by John A. Moses and Paul M. Kennedy

Most recent works about the efforts of local communities caught up in a civil war have focused on their efforts to maintain security and safety from the violence that surrounds them. This book, in contrast, focuses on how local peacebuilding actors face new challenges and opportunities once a peace agreement has been signed at the national level. How local communities have coped with the demands of "peace" is the theme that runs through each chapter, written by authors with direct experience of grassroots communities struggling with such "problems of peace." Susan H. Allen is Associate Professor and Director of the Center for Peacemaking Practice at the Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter School for Peace and Conflict Resolution at George Mason University, USA. Landon Hancock is Professor at Kent State University's School of Peace and Conflict Studies, USA. Christopher Mitchell is Emeritus Professor of Conflict Research at George Mason University's Carter School, USA. Cécile Mouly is Research Professor and Coordinator of the research group in Peace and Conflict at FLACSO Ecuador.

Why is India unable to maintain regional leadership in a nuclearized South Asia? In this paper, we explore the impediments to India's regional leadership by examining Delhi's foreign policy behavior within the nuclearized rivalry with Pakistan since 1998. Based on a comparison of Indian foreign policy elites' responses to a set of dyadic crises since overt nuclearisation in 1998, we argue that structural parameters of South Asia's current security environment undermine the prospects of coercing or influencing the behavior of India's most potent contender. More specifically, we argue that Delhi's failure to develop an effective strategy to deter armed resistance is largely due to the combined presence of militant groups and inadequate deterrence strategies. Recurrent, undeterred militant attacks have thus become a symbol of resistance against India's predominance in the region.