Suchergebnisse

In diesem Artikel stelle ich Repertoirekarten als einen qualitativen Ansatz zur Untersuchung der nachrichtenbezogenen Mediennutzung vor. Zur Visualisierung von Mediennutzungsmustern und -logiken werden egozentrischen Netzwerkkarten adaptiert und mit Leitfadeninterviews und Beobachtungsdaten kontextualisiert. Das integrative Vorgehen wird am Beispiel einer Untersuchung zu Routinen und Praktiken des Nachrichtenkonsums in und um Social-Media-Plattformen und andere Informationsintermediären veranschaulicht. Ich zeige auf, wie diese Visualisierungsaufgabe im Interview andere qualitative Methoden ergänzen kann, um die Struktur, Bedeutung und Prozesse der medienübergreifenden Nutzungspraktiken zu erforschen, und diskutiere die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Visualisierung und Analyse von Wechselbeziehungen zwischen sozialen Medien und traditionellen Nachrichtenquellen.

The recent decades more than anything else have revealed the ambivalence not only of the articulated expectations about the digital public sphere but also of the "real" development itself. This thematic issue of Media and Communication highlights some of the criticalities and specificities of the evolution of the public sphere during this period where digital communication ecosystems are becoming increasingly central. The different articles offer a polyphonic perspective and thus contribute significantly to the debate on the transformations of the public sphere, which -in the time of the Covid-19 pandemic- dramatically affect the very essence of our democracy.

Using Giddens' (1984) structuration theory we examine how social structures in mobile communication technologies shape the everyday life of individuals, thereby re-shaping power dynamics that underlie the social organization of society. We argue that the anytime, anyplace connectivity afforded by mobile communication technologies structures society by imposing a network, social and personal logic. We discuss how each logic both reproduces and challenges traditional power structures, at the micro- as well as macro-level. At the micro-level, the network logic refers to mobile communication technologies' capacity to organize activities in a networked fashion, granting people greater autonomy from time and place. The social logic refers to mobile communication technologies' capacity for perpetual contact, fostering social connectedness with social relationships. The personal logic refers to mobile communication technologies' capacity to serve as extensions of the Self, with which people can personalize contents, services, place and time. The flipside of these logics is that, at the micro-level, the responsibility to operate autonomously, to maintain personal social networks, and to manage and act based on personal information shifts to the individual. We also notice shifts in power structures at the macro-level. For instance, to reap the benefits of mobile communication technology individuals engage in free "digital labor" and tolerate new forms of surveillance and control.

In diesem Beitrag beschäftigen wir uns mit den Charakteristika von Blogs als einer Spielart digitaler Narrative und mit der Frage, was wir aus ihnen über persönliche Erzählungen von Mutterschaft, Familie, Ernährung und die Verfügbarkeit von Ressourcen lernen können. Wir untersuchten hierzu die Posts in zwei Blogs über insgesamt sechs Monate, die von Müttern im Kontext beschränkter ökonomischer, sozio-emotionaler, zeitlicher und ökologischer Knappheit verfasst wurden, auf die Stützung oder Überschreitung normativer Narrative. In diesem Beitrag konzentrieren wir uns darauf, wie auf den "About Me"-Seiten dieser Blogs geschriebene und visuelle Narrative, semantische Vieldeutigkeit und Widersprüchlichkeit, Stile und Plattform überschreitende Genres sowohl normative als auch transgressive Erzählungen über Mutterschaft und Familie, die eigene Involviertheit der Bloggerinnen und die Verfügbarkeit von Ressourcen verdeutlicht werden. Abschließend diskutieren wir Grenzen unserer Studie bzw. wie und in welchem Ausmaß die Blogs, die wir betrachtet haben, Hinweise auf politische Positionierung und politisches Handeln geben.

Current political and religious tensions in France threaten national cohesion. The main point is the break of reciprocity link between citizens and public institutions they finance. The systemic analysis at the heart of this work reveals close relations that these institutions maintain among themselves through recent judicial affairs on religious signs in public places. These privileged links are reflected in a common discourse on secularism that substitutes public debate and ignores the institutional guarantees of peace.

This contribution proposes a methodological framework for empirical research into visual practices on social media. The framework identifies practices, pictures and platforms as relevant dimensions of analysis. It is mainly developed within, and is compatible with qualitative, interpretive approaches which focus on visual communication as part of everyday personal communicative practices. Two screenshots from Instagram and Facebook are introduced as empirical examples to investigate collaborative practices of meaning-making relating to pictures on social media. While social media seems to augment reflexive, processual practices of negotiating identities, visual media, in particular, amps up aesthetic, ambivalent and embodied dimensions within these practices.

Can a primitive society set a public agenda? Are there some advantages for a religious society in setting an agenda? From a critical study of the communicative perspective of the Bible and hermeneutic reading of its texts, it can be said that certain elements in primitive societies succeeded in influencing the political and social agendas. They did so by exploiting specific public assemblies or appearing in crowded places in attempts to impact local and national agendas. This notion is significant because it suggests that in countries that do not have developed communication infrastructures or established religious institutions (e.g., churches, mosques, and synagogues) that serve as public arenas, indeed even in seemingly closed religious communities, there may well be attempts to use venues other than mass media to influence the public agenda.

Mit dem Fokus auf Medienpraktiken bündelt dieses Heft aktuelle Positionen zur empirischen Erforschung von Medien. Die Beiträge gehen davon aus, dass Medien erst durch ihren Gebrauch zu Medien werden. Medienpraktiken zu erforschen, bedeutet jedoch nicht nur herauszufinden, was Menschen mit Medien tun, sondern auch was Medien mit Menschen machen. Diese für die Medienpraktikenforschung zentrale Einsicht lösen die interdisziplinären Beiträge des Bandes ein, indem sie aus den jeweiligen Positionen und Konstellationen verdeutlichen, wie Medien und Praktiken sich gegenseitig bedingen.

Medienpraktikenforschung erfordert erstens, medienpraktische Phänomene in einem hohen Detailgrad zu fassen, um die Relation der beteiligten menschlichen und medialen Akteure zueinander in situ und in actu nachzuvollziehen. Erst durch die analytische Durchdringung dieser situativen Vollzugsmomente lässt sich zweitens der Status von Medien klären: was durch Praktiken zu einem Medium wird und wie die Praktiken unter Berücksichtigung der an ihnen konstitutiv beteiligten Medien beschaffen sind. Dadurch lassen sich ebenso übersituative Bezüge zur Praxis herstellen, durch die die Praktiken zur situativen Entfaltung kommen. Drittens muss dabei berücksichtigt werden, inwiefern die eigenen Medienpraktiken der Erforschung in ihren jeweiligen situativen Stadien die (Analyse der) Medienpraktik zurichten.

Die Beiträge dieses Bandes lösen diese Forderungen in unterschiedlicher Gewichtung ein. Sie befassen sich aus medienethnologischer, kultursoziologischer, literaturwissenschaftlicher, historischer, soziologischer und medienwissenschaftlicher Perspektive damit, was jeweils als situierte Medienpraktik verstanden werden kann. Gemeinsam ist damit allen Beiträgen, dass sie erst aus ihren jeweiligen Untersuchungen und Perspektiven heraus bestimmen, was genau als Medienpraktik und Medien, die in ihnen zum Tragen kommen, gefasst werden kann.

This contribution discusses the pragmatic effects of different rhetoric strategies conveying evidence of past ingroup violence after a long lasting social denial (Cohen, 2001). In particular, a case study is presented on the making of a civic discourse on controversial historical past: war crimes committed by the Italian Army during the colonial invasion of Ethiopia (1935-36). Although very well proved (Del Boca, 2005), these facts were only recently inserted in Italian history textbooks (Leone & Mastrovito, 2010; Cajani, 2013). In this same period, evidence of these crimes was officially presented during discussions of the Italian Parliament. In spite of these recent acknowledgments of the Italian responsibilities for these crimes, a social myth is still widely shared by the public opinion, representing Italians as good fellows (Italiani, brava gente: cfr. Del Boca, 2005), unable to be cruel both in everyday life and in wartimes (Volpato et al., 2012). This specific situation, denying even the reality of facts happened, has been defined literal social denial, i.e. the deepest among the three possible states of denial (literal, interpretive, implicative: cfr. Cohen, 2001). The issue of literal social denial of past ingroup violence is at the intersection among theories on narratives on national past (László, 2003), social representations of history (Liu et al., 2014), conflict ethos (Bar-Tal et al., 2012; Kelman, 2008), group-based emotions (Allpress et al., 2010; Leone, 2000) and intergroup reconciliation processes (Nadler et al., 2008). Namely, understanding how a social denial could break down implies the theorization of human mind's reflexivity as grounded on historical awareness (Ortega y Gasset, 1930), and the notion of social change as primarily rooted in natality, i.e. the fact that each birth represents a new beginning (Arendt, 1958). Drawing on this theoretical background, we will present an ongoing research program (Leone, in press) on the literal social denial (Cohen, 2001) of war crimes committed by the Italian army during colonial period and on the pragmatic effects of different kinds of communication on this controversial past. In order to address this issue, we will particularly focus on the concept of parrhesia as defined by Foucault (1983): the communicative choice of «frankness instead of persuasion, truth instead of falsehood or silence, [...] the moral duty instead of self-interest and moral apathy » (Foucault, 2001, p.19). Studies we conducted in this line tested the change in beliefs and the emotional reactions of young citizens confronted with mild or parrhesiastic descriptions of socially denied war crimes (Leone & Sarrica, 2014, 2012). Empirical evidence will be discussed in order to reflect on our core idea: that a parrhesiastic communication is a risky tough necessary pragmatic move to break long lasting denial of ingroup wrongdoings, to trigger critical civic discourse in the place of social myths and to start reconciliation processes.

While the statistical results of the project about empty housing in Wallonia (Belgium) are mainly communicated from a scientific point of view, the media give their autonomy to these results, offering them to the civil society. It appears that this mediatized treatment of the statistical results occurred following parliamentary questions at the Walloon Parliament about the empty housing issue, notably in relation to a public policy waiting for its execution order. On the basis of an exhaustive corpus (from the media and the parliamentary questions), we analyse the influence of this autonomy on the extended Phase of the research, precisely financed in relation to the implementation of the above mentioned public policy.

The teaching of international journalism in China serves a. - dual purpose: to train professionals who can strengthen the country's. - international media and to guide domestic opinion on international. - issues. This article follows one class of students at Tsinghua University. - in Beijing and investigates how they are taught to gain foreign. - audiences, stay loyal to the party line, protect national interests at. - home and abroad, and be critical of foreign media reports. On this. - basis, the article discusses how the concept of professionalism, within. - the specific context of international journalism, is contested by competing. - views on what it means to be a responsible journalist. (GIGA/J Current Ch Affairs)

Das Ziel personalisierter Online-Angebote ist, Rezipienten bei der Informationssuche zu unterstützen. Dabei greifen sie zwangsläufig in deren Auswahlentscheidungen ein und müssen deshalb als eigenständiger Einflussfaktor empirisch erschlossen werden. Die dahinterstehenden Algorithmen kommerzieller Anbieter sind für die Forschung größtenteils eine intransparente "Black Box". Automatisierte Online-Experimente stellen eine selten eingesetzte Methode dar, die durch systematische Simulation von Nutzerverhalten die Funktionsweise von Personalisierungsalgorithmen ermitteln kann. Der Beitrag diskutiert zunächst Auswirkungen und Funktionsweise von Personalisierung und stellt daraufhin ein automatisiertes Online-Experiment am Beispiel der Google-Suche dar. Die vorgestellte Methode ermöglicht einen sozialwissenschaftlichen Zugriff auf die Funktionsweise und Inhalte von personalisierten Angeboten und fördert gleichzeitig Validität, Transparenz und Replizierbarkeit von Nutzungsstudien.

There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio,
than are dreamt of in your philosophy. Hamlet (Act 1, Scene 5). This popular quote from Hamlet might be recast for the field of communication as "There are more things in science than are dreamt of in our philosophies". This article will review several new and strange ideas from complexity science about how the natural world is organized and how we can go about researching it. These strange ideas, (e.g., deterministic, but unpredictable systems) resonate with many communication phenomena that our field has traditionally had difficulty studying. By reviewing these areas, we hope to add a new, compelling and useful way to think about science that goes beyond the current dominant philosophy of science employed in communication. Though the concepts reviewed here are difficult and often appear at odds with the dominant paradigm; they are not. Instead, this approach will facilitate research on problems of communication process and interaction that the dominant paradigm has struggled to study. Specifically, this article explores the question of process research in communication by reviewing three major paradigms of science and then delving more deeply into the most recent: complexity science. The article provides a broad overview of many of the major ideas in complexity science and how these ideas can be used to study many of the most difficult questions in communication science. It concludes with suggestions going forward for incorporating complexity science into communication.

In Sam Shepard's plays, America is full of traditional and mythical symbols. He uses these emblems in order to subvert their meanings and manifest the discrepancies between characters' living in the West and the realities they confront. In his play, A Lie of the Mind, Sam Shepard reflects on the traditional meanings of myth and the erasure of them in the postmodern societies. Furthermore, the postmodern universe in these three plays is bombarded with representation and distortions of reality, and hyperreality which make reality be masked and obscure. The characters enter in simulations of reality after accepting the fact that the true reality doesn't exist. As a matter of fact, myths are not real; they are simulations of the past myths. Media with its glamorous and captivating power is of the most influential mediums in constructing the hyper real.