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In this essay, I show that academically and politicly, it is vital that we discuss as philosophers in relationto the pandemic, particularly in epistemology and ethics. For many, philosophy seems to be a futileintellectual activity, important and exciting just for professionals, but of no use to all the rest of us.Nothing could be further from reality. On the contrary, I demonstrate that philosophy lies well and healthy inthe core of scientific method and justification, from Hume onwards. We have a long-standing tradition ofquestioning the basis of knowledge and if it is at all possible. From Hume's skeptical answer to induction,we have to add the contemporary theory of the black swan effect. I explore the moral consequences ofpolitical decisions, concluding that in this pandemic, such as in similar future situations, we would be betteroff thinking like philosophers and not like traditional politicians. ; En este artículo demuestro la importancia de la discusión tanto académica como política de la filosofía en relación con la pandemia, con énfasis en los problemas epistemológicos y éticos. En un sentido popular, la filosofía produce la impresión de ser una tarea seguramente importante e interesante para sus practicantes, pero inútil para la mayoría de las personas. Nada más lejos de la realidad. Por el contrario, como lo demuestro, nuestra concepción de la actividad científica, del manejo de los datos y resultados de la investigación sobre la pandemia es el resultado de una larga tradición filosófica preocupada por la interrogante acerca de la obtención del conocimiento, si este fuera posible. En línea con las conclusiones que David Hume ofreció hace más de doscientos años, seguimos confiando discretamente en nuestras inducciones con un nivel de probabilidad, pero nunca de certeza. A eso tenemos que añadir las conclusiones que recientemente incorporan teorías como la del "efecto cisne negro". Se exploran, además, las consecuencias éticas que suponen las decisiones políticas, y se concluye que, en este y otros casos en el futuro, mejor será pensar como filósofos, no como políticos tradicionales.

Introduction: The fulfillment of the rights of child pornography victims is contained in the Child Criminal Justice System Act and Based on the context of Law No. 35 of 2014 on Amendments to Law No. 23 of 2002 on Child Protection and Government Regulation (PP) Number. 40 Year 2011 On The Development, Mentoring and Recovery of Children Victims and Perpetrators Ponography. Legal protection of children and their rights as victims and perpetrators of pornography do not seem to have received serious attention even though it actually depends on how a country finds a leader who cares about children.Purposes of the Research: This paper aims to analyze and discuss the fulfillment of the rights of child pornography victims in the Child Criminal Justice System.Methods of the Research: Research methods are used with normative juridical research types. The problem approach used is the legal approach, concept analysis approach, case approach, Source of legal materials used primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. Collection techniques through literature studies and then analyzed through the way of description using qualitative methods.Results of the Research: The results showed that the fulfillment of the rights of child pornography victims has not been fulfilled properly in accordance with Law No. 11 of 2012 on the Criminal Justice System of Children. This means that the Child Protection Act has not been balanced with the implementation of child protection. This is because there are still obstacles faced in the fulfillment of the rights of children victims porngrafi. The fulfillment of the rights of children victims of pornography in the legislation include: the right of mentoring, the right of health services, the right of guidance, the right of protection and in Government Regulation No. 40 of 2011 on the guidance, mentoring, and recovery of children who are victims and perpetrators of pornography according to Article 20 is done by means of mentoring: counseling, psychological therapy, social advocacy, improving ability and willingness, providing access to health services and / or legal assistance.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on domestic investment (DI) in Indonesia. The data analysis method in this research was carried out using vector error correction model. Meanwhile, it used secondary data obtained from Statistics Indonesia (BPS) and Ministry of Investment (BKPM). This research period was carried out from 2010-2018. The results of this study indicated that in the long run there was a cointegration relationship between variables, FDI had a significant positive effect on DI in the long and short-term, GDP had a significant negative effect on DI in the long-term. In short-term, it had a negative effect and no significant contribution, structural break down had a positive effect and was not significant in the short-term. The conclusion of this study is that there is a crowding-in relationship between FDI and DI. It is suggested are there should be support from government policies in efforts to improve a more secure investment climate, provide incentives for investors and enforce a clear legal umbrella for investors. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh penanaman modal asing langsung (FDI) terhadap penanaman modal dalam negeri (DI) di Indonesia. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan model koreksi kesalahan vektor. Sedangkan menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) dan Kementerian Penanaman Modal (BKPM). Periode penelitian ini dilakukan dari tahun 2010-2018. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam jangka panjang terdapat hubungan kointegrasi antar variabel, FDI berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap DI dalam jangka panjang dan pendek, PDB berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap DI dalam jangka panjang. Dalam jangka pendek berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan, keruntuhan struktural berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan dalam jangka pendek. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat crowding-in relationship antara FDI dan DI. Disarankan perlu adanya dukungan dari kebijakan pemerintah dalam upaya meningkatkan iklim investasi yang lebih aman, memberikan insentif bagi investor dan menegakkan payung hukum yang jelas bagi investor.

Smart city is a city area that has integrated information and communication technology in daily governance, with the aim of increasing efficiency, improving public services, and increasing the welfare of citizens.The purpose of this research is to determine the current Smart City policy formulation in South Tangerang. and To analyze and find the ideal Smart City policy formulation in South Tangerang in the future. The method used in this research is a normative legal approach (normative law research) using a normative case study in the form of a legal behavior product, namely reviewing the law. The main point of the study is the law conceptualized as norms or rules that apply in society and become a reference for everyone's behavior. So that normative legal research focuses on the inventory of positive law, legal principles and doctrines, legal findings in concrete cases, legal systematic, level of synchronization, comparative law and legal history. The result of the research is that the ideal Smart City policy formulation in South Tangerang in the future must apply the values of the Pancasila philosophy. The first value is theoretical value. This value involves logical and rational considerations in thinking about and proving the truth of something. The second value is the economic value that is related to the consideration of the value in terms of profit and loss. The third value is the aesthetic value that places the highest value on form and harmony. The fourth value is social value. The highest value of this value is compassion between humans. Therefore, this value level moves in the individualistic to the altruistic life span. The fifth value is a political value. The highest value in this value is power. Therefore, the level of value will move from low intensity to high influence (authoritarian). The sixth value is a religious value. In essence, this value is a value that has the strongest truth base compared to previous values. This value comes from the highest truth that comes from God.Keywords: Smart city, policy formulation, Pancasila philosophy

ABSTRAK Dalam rangka memanfaatkan kekayaan sumber daya alam tentunya diperlukan modal sebagai modal khususnya dari perbankan melalui asset financing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis. analisis disharmonisasi antara asset financing, kebijakan pengelolaan industri pertambangan terhadap PDRB di Lampung. Pembiayaan modal kerja dan pembiayaan investasi digunakan sebagai variabel independen. Sedangkan, dampak kebijakan kebijakan pengelolaan industri pertambangan menggunakan variabel dummy. Variabel independen dan variabel dummy tersebut dihubungkan dengan variabel dependen yaitu PDRB menggunakan metode regresi data panel dengan model Random Effect(REM) di Lampung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asset financing berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Lampung, namun hanya pembiayaan modal kerja yang berpengaruh signifikan. Sementara itu, kebijakan kebijakan pengelolaan industri pertambangan terbukti memberikan pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Lampung. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi industri, pemerintah maupun regulator sebagai bahan evaluasi mengenai pengaruh asset financing dan kebijakan pengelolaan industri pertambangan terhadap PDRB provinsi Lampung. Kata kunci: Asset Financing, Kebijakan Pengelolaan Industri, PDRB, Lampung ABSTRACT In order to utilize the wealth of natural resources, of course, capital is needed as capital, especially from banks through asset financing. This study aims to determine and analyze. analysis of disharmony between asset financing, mining industry management policies against GDP in Lampung. Working capital financing and investment financing are used as independent variables. Meanwhile, the impact of the mining industry management policy uses a dummy variable. The independent variables and dummy variables are associated with the dependent variable, namely GRDP using the panel data regression method with the Random Effect (REM) model in Lampung. The results showed that asset financing had a positive effect on economic growth in Lampung, but only working capital financing had a significant effect. Meanwhile, the mining industry management policy has proven to have a positive and significant impact on Lampung's economic growth. The results of this study are expected to be useful for industry, government and regulators as an evaluation of the effect of asset financing and mining industry management policies on PDRB in Lampung province. Keywords: Asset Financing, Industrial Management Policy, GRDP, Lampung

Introduction. The article discusses the poetic innovations, formal and stylistic peculiarities in the work of the talented poet Usmon Kuchkor. The poet's "muqarnas" are analyzed. The second half of the twentieth century and the period of independence have a special significance with Uzbek poetry, its charm, new tones and visual features. Methodological and formal research, the renewal of artistic thinking, the human heart and spiritual experiences, the vivid depiction of emotions form the basis of this poetry. In this, the importance of artistic thinking in particular is immeasurable. As the literary critic N. Rakhmonov noted: "The multifaceted and multilayered phenomenon - the concept of artistic thinking is a specific product of philosophical, ethical and political views, manifested in the way of thinking of the artist" [7,4]. Methods. If we follow the process of renewal of the form in the history of Uzbek poetry, it becomes clear that during the twentieth century there have been dramatic changes. In particular, "the main factor that creates the formal diversity in the various samples of prose and poetry that reflect the poetic thinking of the 80s is the change in content. Results. Because by this time, literature has become significantly closer to the human heart and life. Its scope has expanded" [4,132]. When thinking about the poetry of this period in general, we learn the specific aspects of the formal and semantic relations that emerged in the work of Usman Kuchkar, one of the leading representatives of the literature, poetry, literary process of the period. Discussion. The poet's work is imbued with philosophical depth, unique metaphors and wisdom, especially the feeling of love, which is an invaluable treasure of the human soul. Conclusion. In Uzbek literature, the relationship of form and content of poetry is studied in a theoretical direction. We will not dwell on this aspect of the issue. From the point of view of our own research object, we pay special attention to the study of formal researches in the works of the poet Usmon Kuchkor and their content-related aspects in the context of the poetry of the 80s.

ABSTRACT Weak economic conditions during the Covid-19 pandemic resulted in a decline in tax revenue in Indonesia. The government seeks to increase economic activity by providing tax incentive programs to taxpayers affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the company considers the program as one of the loopholes to practice tax avoidance. This study aims to look at the differences in tax avoidance practices before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The type of data used is quantitative data derived from the annual financial statements. The population in this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019-2020 period. The sample of this research was taken based on purposive sampling using certain criteria so as to get 78 samples from 39 manufacturing companies. The method used in this study is paired samples t-test analysis using the IBM SPSS Statistics 24 tool. Based on the results of this study, it shows that there is an increase in tax avoidance practices during the Covid-19 pandemi. This resulted in a decrease in state tax revenues during 2020. ABSTRAK Lemahnya kondisi ekonomi dimasa pandemi Covid-19 mengakibatkan turunnya penerimaan pajak di Indonesia. Pemerintah berupaya untuk meningkatkan kegiatan ekonomi dengan cara memberikan program insentif perpajakan kepada wajib pajak yang terkena dampak pandemi Covid-19. Namun perusahaan menganggap program tersebut sebagai salah satu celah untuk melakukan praktik penghindaran pajak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan praktik penghindaran pajak sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid-19. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data kuantitatif yang berasal dari laporan keuangan tahunan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2019-2020. Sampel penelitian ini diambil berdasarkan purposive sampling dengan menggunakan beberapa kriteria tertentu sehingga mendapatkan 78 sampel dari 39 perusahaan manufaktur. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis paired samples t-test dengan menggunakan alat bantu IBM SPSS Statistics 24. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan praktik penghindaran pajak pada saat pandemi Covid-19. Sehingga mengakibatkan penerimaan pajak Negara selama tahun 2020 mengalami penurunan.

This research aims to formulate a conceptual model of farmers' social movement based on previous studies, which failed to explain this concept. The Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with a mixture of qualitative and quantitative approaches was used to conduct this research. Data were obtained from 289 articles sourced from the Scopus Database, with the VOSVIEWER and NVIVO 12 software used to determine the conceptual model. The analysis results showed that this study is associated with farmers' issues, agricultural governance, agricultural systems, and the collaboration of stakeholders in managing agricultural production. These perspectives are used to explain the concepts, topics, and issues of the farmer's social movement, including the role of actors, dynamics of conflict, challenges, and struggles of the movement, processes, conservation, sustainable environment, cooperation, the collaboration of stakeholders, as well as production and marketing of agricultural products. This conceptual model contributes to the development of farmers' social movement studies oriented towards concept development and disclosing issues in the field. Paper ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan konseptual model studi gerakan sosial petani berdasarkan pada penelitian terdahulu. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pendekatan campuran kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Pendekatan SLR digunakan untuk mereview 289 artikel yang bersumber dari Scopus Database.Review paper menggunakan software VOSVIEWER dan NVIVO 12 yang menghasilkan data untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian, yaitu bagaimana model konseptual studi gerakan sosial petani.Hasil analisis dengan SLR mengungkapkan bahwa studi gerakan sosial petani berkaitan dengan isu-isu gerakan petani, tata kelola pertanian, sistem pertanian, dan kolaborasi stakeholders dalam mengelola produksi pertanian, yang dijelaskan melalui perspektif sosiologi, ilmu lingkungan, dan manajemen pertanian. Perspektif tersebut digunakan untuk menjelaskan konsep, topik, dan isu-isu gerakan sosial petani, meliputi peran aktor, dinamika konflik, tantangan dan perjuangan gerakan, proses gerakan, konservasi, lingkungan berkelanjutan, kerjasama, kolaborasi stakeholders, dan produksi serta pemasaran hasil pertanian. Model konseptual tersebut berkontribusi terhadap pengembangan studi gerakan sosial petani, baik berorientasi pada pengembangan konsep maupun pengungkapan isu-isu gerakan sosial petani yang berlangsung di lapangan.

© 2021 The Authors. Published by SAGE. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher's website: https://doi.org/10.1177/21501327211047782 ; Objectives: The United Kingdom and a number of European Union countries are offering and distributing rapid antigen detection tests (RADTs) for self-test use to detect SARS-CoV-2. For instance, Greece, in the midst of its third wave of COVID-19, announced the provision of RADTs for self-testing through retail pharmacies. With the aim to determine the acceptability and feasibility of COVID-19 self-testing, we ran a cross-sectional survey on residents of Greece and Cyprus, aged over 18 years. Methods: An online survey using the JISC platform was distributed to 1000 individuals who completed the survey anonymously. Data was collated and analyzed for complete responses by chi-squared and logistic regression analyses. Results: A total of 248 complete responses were obtained, with balanced gender distribution and particular demographics representative of the 2 countries. The majority of participants (79%; n = 196) reported willingness to self-test and the remaining individuals reported no (10.5%; n = 26) or don't know (10.5%; n = 26). Being a university graduate significantly predicted the likelihood of being willing to self-test (odds ratio [OR] = 3.455, P <.001). Pearson Chi-square test found significant differences between university graduates versus non-graduates on the type of COVID-19 test preferred (χ2 = 8.95, df = 3, P <.03); graduates were more likely to prefer saliva testing and less likely to prefer the finger prick test than non-graduates. Conclusions: Our survey data evidences the acceptability of home-based self-testing, with a preference for saliva as choice of biological material for sampling. A number of factors, such as accessible reporting, contact tracing infrastructures, central registration, and validation for the implementation of different RADTs need to be taken collectively into consideration before self-testing can be universally and reliably scaled up. ; Published version

For more than a decade, the government has been actively modernizing the tax administration system to encourage the level of taxpayer compliance. This tax administration system focuses on fulfilling the obligation of payment and reporting by taxpayers who were previously submitted manually, switched to online through the official website of the Directorate General of Taxation. The easier process of payment and tax reporting is expected to help smooth the fulfillment of obligations accompanied by the greater the chance of achieving the target of receiving the State Budget. Therefore, this study aims to examine whether the modernization of tax administration, especially in terms of reporting Individual Notification Letter (SPT) through e-filing is able to improve taxpayer compliance or not. This is a quantitative research using survey as the method. Data collection was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 80 respondents who are registered taxpayers at Majalaya Small Tax Office. The results showed that the implementation of e-filing have a positive effect on taxpayer compliance. From the results of data processing also found the need for socialitation and assistance for taxpayers to master the use of e-filing. ; Lebih dari 1 dekade, pemerintah gencar melakukan modernisasi sistem administrasi perpajakan untuk mendorong tingkat kepatuhan wajib pajak. Sistem administrasi pajak ini berfokus pada pemenuhan kewajiban pembayaran dan pelaporan pajak oleh Wajib Pajak yang sebelumnya disampaikan secara manual, beralih menjadi online melalui laman resmi Direktorat Jenderal Pajak. Proses pembayaran dan pelaporan pajak yang semakin mudah diharapkan dapat membantu kelancaran pemenuhan kewajiban yang diiringi dengan semakin besar peluang tercapainya target penerimaan APBN. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini hendak menguji apakah modernisasi administrasi perpajakan khususnya dalam hal pelaporan Surat Pemberitahuan secara online (e-filing) mampu meningkatkan kepatuhan wajib pajak atau tidak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan survey sebagai metodenya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada 80 responden yang merupakan Wajib Pajak terdaftar di KPP Pratama Majalaya. Hasil menunjukan bahwa implementasi e-filing terbukti berpengaruh positif terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak. Dari hasil pengolahan data juga ditemukan perlunya sosialisasi dan pendampingan bagi Wajib Pajak untuk menguasai penggunaan e-filing.

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide among women, with the number of new cases increasing from 493 243 in 2002 to 527 000 in 2012. These numbers are likely to be underestimated because given the lack of registration resources, cervical cancer deaths are usually under-reported in low-income countries. Aim: To describe the distribution of and trends in visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) to detected cervical abnormalities in Swaziland by reviewing records of VIA examinations performed at two main hospitals in Swaziland between 2011 and 2014. Setting: Mbabane Government Hospital and Realign Fitkin Memorial (RFM). Methods: Records of cervical screening using VIA at the Mbabane government hospital and RFM hospital between 2011 and 2014 were retrieved. Positivity rates (PRs) of VIA with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated and used as proxies of cervical abnormalities. Odds ratios of the association between VIA-detected cervical abnormalities and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status were estimated using logistic regressions. Results: VIA was positive in 1828 of 12 151 VIA records used for analysis (15%, 95% CI: 14.4–15.7). VIA was positive in 9% (36 of 403) women under the age of 20, in 15.5% (1714 of 11 046) of women aged 20–49 years and in 11.1% (78 of 624) of women aged 50–64 years. A decreasing trend of VIA positivity was observed over time at both screening centres (p for trend < 0.001). Of 2697 records with Papanicolaou results, 20% (67 of 331) VIA-positives and only 5% (114 of 2366) VIA negatives had high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. Among 4578 women with reported HIV status, 1702 were HIV-positive (37.2%, 95% CI: 35.8–38.6). The prevalence of HIV in VIA-positive women was 62.5% (95% CI: 58.7–66.2), almost double that among VIA-negative women (33.0%, 95% CI: 31.6–34.5) and that among all women screened (p < 0.001). HIV-positive women were 3.4 times more likely to have cervical abnormalities on VIA than HIV-negative women (OR: 3.4, 95% CI: ...

Background: In 2010, Sweden opened up for establishment of privately owned primary health care providers, as part of a national Free Choice in Primary Health Care reform. The reform has been highly debated, and evidence on its effects is scarce. The present study therefore sought to evaluate whether the reform have impacted on primary health care service performance. Methods: This ecological register-based study used a natural experimental approach through an interrupted time series design. Data comprised the total adult population of the 21 counties of Sweden 2001–2009 (pre-intervention period) and 2010–2016 (post-intervention period). Hospitalizations and emergency department visits for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) were used as indicators of primary health care performance. Segmented regression analysis was used to assess the effects of the reform, in Sweden as a whole, as well as compared between counties grouped by (i) change in private provision pre- to post reform; (ii) the timing of the implementation; and (iii) sustained presence of private providers both pre- and post-reform. Results: The results suggest that, following the introduction of the reform in Sweden as a whole, the trends in total hospitalizations rates were slowed down by 1.0% albeit acute emergency visits increased 1.1% more rapidly after the introduction of the reform. However, we found no evidence of more beneficial effects in counties where the reform had been implemented more ambitiously, specifically those with a larger increase in private primary care providers, or where the reform was introduced early and thus had longer time effects to emerge. Lastly, counties with a sustained high presence of private primary care providers displayed the least favorable development when it comes to ACSC. Conclusion: Taken together, the present study does not support that the Swedish Free Choice reform has improved performance of the primary care delivery system in Sweden, and suggests that high degree of private provision may involve worse performance and higher care burden for specialized health care. Further evaluations of the consequences of the reform are dire needed to provide a comprehensive picture of its intended and unintended impact on health care provision, delivery and results.

Questions determine our fate as individuals and societies. Asking the right questions at the right time and in the right amount makes our choices and decisions meaningful. As human beings we all experience this from an early age. In education, in order to evaluate, learn and inform the growth of students, the professional development of teachers and the overall efficiency of the system, questions become an integral element of the complex, non-linear and social system at different levels. The purpose of this article is to investigate how performance assessment strategies play a role in the education system, and to understand how progressive performance assessments can be set up with sustainable thinking and designed in alignment with the United Nation's (UN) Development Goals (SGDs) for a given context. To aid Qatar's pursuit in transitioning from a resource-based economy to a knowledge-based one, this study aims to design and develop a proper performance assessment (PA) framework that is aligned with the SDGs and education goals (EGs) to help achieve social and human development as envisioned in Qatar's national vision. This article: (i) presents a theoretical and qualitative analysis of PA practices in the Qatar Education System (QES); (ii) provides a comparative analysis among the best PA practices at the global level; and (iii) examines the methodology, conditions, and findings based on learning from: (a) the successful experiences of other countries, (b) documented analyses of local past experiences, (c) local stakeholders (through a qualitative investigation) in order to understand the needs, develop recommendations and design a tailored PA strategy. The results indicate that there are misalignments between the core educational components such as EGs and the assessment methods used to evaluate them. The analysis and findings reveal that the QES urgently needs to develop a PA strategy that is appropriate for its stakeholders to meet the EGs and enhance their sustainability competencies. Finally, this study proposes a PA framework for the QES to align its core elements with SDGs and EGs.

PURPOSE: Frontal lobe resection (FLR) is the second most common epilepsy surgery procedure in adults. Few studies address neuropsychological consequences after FLR. The aim of this study was to explore patients' and relatives' experiences of cognitive, emotional and social cognitive functioning after frontal lobe epilepsy surgery. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were held with 14 patients having gone through FLR as adults during the years 2000-2016 and 12 of their relatives. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analyzed with inductive qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Positive as well as negative consequences were described both by patients and relatives. Feelings of relief and an increased capacity to experience emotions of well-being were mainly experienced as related to seizure freedom. A newfound autonomy and a more grown-up identity as opposed to a self-image based on epilepsy was also highlighted. However, results also showed that even for seizure free patients, FLR could give rise to negative experiences, the most prominent of which were mental fatigue, lowered mood and social withdrawal. Coping strategies included planning ahead to avoid mental exhaustion. Over all, respondents considered that the epilepsy surgery had been a risk well worth taking and that positive consequences outweighed the negative ones. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows a range of positive as well as negative outcomes after FLR for epilepsy. The findings indicate that lowered mood and mental fatigue could affect the life situation in a negative way, regardless of seizure outcome. This is important to consider in the preoperative counselling of patients and their families, as well as in the postsurgical follow-up. It is also crucial that the epilepsy surgery team has the possibility to offer rehabilitation and support to families regarding these aspects after surgery. ; This work was supported by grants from the Swedish State under the agreement between the Swedish Government and the County Councils, the ALF-agreement (grant ALFGBG-723151) and from the Gothenburg Foundation for Neurological Research and the Margarethahemmet Foundation.

This article shows the main findings obtained from the experience of observing an unprecedented process in the Costa Rican electoral political history, through which the citizens of Río Cuarto had the possibility of choosing the political and administrative center of their canton. The team of Centro Agenda Joven (UNED) participated as an exceptional witness. Using a mixed methods approach, it was possible to determine that the majority of young voters perceive politics with commitment, enthusiasm and even passion, relegating indifference and disgust towards electoral activities. This population sector uses its political rights, both in logistical aspects, as well as in coordination and supervision. Likewise, the investigation registered various manifestations about the responsibility that young people should assume in a historical moment like this, in which they began the path towards the construction of a cantonal identity, which they found in the electronic media and social networks, tools of great value to assume responsibility and leadership in the process. ; Este artículo presenta los principales hallazgos de la experiencia de observación de un proceso sin precedentes en la historia político-electoral costarricense, por medio del cual la ciudadanía de Río Cuarto contó con la posibilidad de escoger el centro político y administrativo de su cantón y en el que el equipo del Centro Agenda Joven de la UNED participó como testigo de excepción. Mediante un enfoque de complementariedad metodológica, se determinó que la mayoría de las personas jóvenes electoras perciben la política con compromiso, entusiasmo e incluso pasión al relegar la indiferencia y el disgusto hacia actividades electorales. Este sector poblacional utiliza sus derechos políticos, tanto en aspectos logísticos, como de coordinación y fiscalización. Asimismo, la investigación registró diversas manifestaciones acerca de la responsabilidad que debían asumir las personas jóvenes en un momento histórico como este, en el que iniciaban el camino hacia la construcción de una identidad cantonal, quienes encontraron en los medios electrónicos y las redes sociales, herramientas de gran valía para asumir cuotas de responsabilidad y liderazgo en diversas actividades del proceso.