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Despite all the talk about African renaissance, much of the continent is plagued by poverty and instability. To break out of that cycle, the guardians of African heritage (the old independence freedom fighters turned political leaders and their successors) and much of Afrocentric literature rightly promote African ideas and solutions for African problems. While the idea in itself is noble, the danger is for Africa to close itself off and ignore "outside" technical and intellectual innovations that it desperately needs to advance further. Africa through Structuration Theory - ntu joins the discourse by attempting to restore intellectual freedom and convincingly defends structuration theory not only as the way forward for Africa but also as a legitimate African concept. It is innovative, refreshing and deserves to be heard across the world and appreciated especially by African graduates, current and future leaders of various African institutions or businesses, non-Africans who might hesitate to refer to such a theory when trying to understand and deal with African problems and the wider public who constitute the audience for this book.

The UK Independence Party (Ukip) is the most significant new force in British politics for a generation. Under the leadership of Nigel Farage, the party has enjoyed a remarkable rise, winning the 2014 European Parliament elections as well as two parliamentary by-elections, and attracting mainstream defectors to achieve major party status. By the time of the 2015 general election, Farage and Ukip stood on the threshold of becoming a major force at Westminster. This account is a must-read for anyone interested in the inside story of Ukip's quest to change British politics during one of the most unpredictable and dramatic elections in recent history. Based on unprecedented access to the party and its key players, the book pulls back the curtain on one of the most intriguing campaigns in living memory. It includes behind the scenes observations from the campaign trail and more than one hundred interviews - with leading Ukip insiders such as Nigel Farage, Douglas Carswell, and Mark Reckless, as well as major donors, strategists, and figures from across the political landscape as they grappled with Ukip's rise.

This book analyzes extensive data on the world's rapidly changing and growing access to, use and geographies of information and communications technologies. It studies not only the spatial differences in technology usage worldwide, but also examines digital differences in the major world nations of China, India, the United States and Japan at the state and provincial levels. At the global level, factors such as education, innovation, judicial independence, and investment are important to explaining differences in the adoption and use of technology. The country studies corroborate consistent determinants for technology usage for education, urban location, economic prosperity, and infrastructure, but also reveal unique determinants, such as social capital in the United States and India, exports in China, and working age population and patents in Japan. Spatial patterns are revealed that indicate clusters of high and low technology use for various nations around the world, the countries of Africa, and for individual states/provinces within nations. Based on theory, novel findings, and phenomena that have remained largely unreported, the book considers the future of the worldwide digital divides, the policy role of governments, and the challenges of leadership.

This edited volume to addresses the dynamics of the legal system of Myanmar/Burma in the context of the dramatic but incomplete transition to democracy that formally began in 2011. It includes contributions from leading scholars in the field on a range of key legal issues now facing Myanmar, such as judicial independence, constitutional law, human rights and institutional reform. It features chapters on the legal history of Myanmar; electoral reform; the role of the judiciary; economic reforms; and the state of company law. It also includes chapters that draw on the experiences of other countries to contextualise Myanmar's transition to democracy in a comparative setting, including Myanmar's participation in regional bodies such as ASEAN. This topical book comes at a critical juncture in Myanmar's legal development and will be an invaluable resource for students and teachers seeking greater understanding of the legal system of Myanmar. It will also be vital reading for a wide range of government, business and civil society organisations seeking to re-engage with Myanmar, as it navigates a difficult transition toward democracy and the rule of law

"Since 2009, the UK Independence Party (UKIP) has become the most successful challenger to the main parties in postwar English politics. Yet with the radical right on the rise, important questions remain unanswered. What trends in modern Britain have made the rise of UKIP possible? How has the party modified its organization, strategy and ideology in the quest to forge ties with voters? Who is voting for the populist radical right in Britain, and why? To what extent, if at all, are UKIP supporters the mirror image of radical right voters in Europe, and where might the party go next? Based on an unprecedented amount of data, from surveys of UKIP voters to extensive interviews with UKIP insiders, Robert Ford and Matthew Goodwin explore the wider trends that gave birth to UKIP, how the party has evolved, and who is shifting behind UKIP at elections. The book provides unprecedented insight into public support for the radical right in Britain, and contains important insights for those who are tasked with responding to the radical right challenge"--

This essential volume brings together more than forty of the most important historical writings on feminism, covering 150 years of the struggle for women's freedom. Spanning the American Revolution to the first decades of the twentieth century, these works-many long out of print or forgotten-are finally brought out of obscurity and into the light of contemporary analysis and criticism. This richly diverse collection contains excerpts from books, essays, speeches, documents, and letters, as well as poetry, drama, and fiction by major feminist writers, including: Elizabeth Cady Stanton, George Sand, Mary Wollstonecraft, Abigail Adams, Emma Goldman, Friedrich Engels, Sojourner Truth, Susan B. Anthony, John Stuart Mill, Margaret Sanger, Virginia Woolf, and many others. The pieces in Feminism: The Essential Historical Writings cover the crucial challenges faced by women, including marriage as an instrument of oppression; a woman's desire to control her own body; the economic independence of women; and the search for selfhood, and extensive commentaries by the editor help the reader see the historical context of each selection.

Preliminary Material -- Introduction /Jeff Fynn-Paul , Marjolein 't Hart and Griet Vermeesch -- 1. Military Enterprise in Florence at the Time of the Black Death, 1349–1350 /William Caferro -- 2. Military Entrepreneurs in the Crown of Aragon during the Castilian–Aragonese War, 1356–1375 /Jeff Fynn-Paul -- 3. The Military Enterpriser in the Thirty Years' War /David Parrott -- 4. Public Service and Private Profit /Aaron Graham -- 5. Entrepreneurs and the Recruitment of the British Army in the War of American Independence, 1775–1783 /Stephen Conway -- 6. Suppliers to the Royal African Company and the Royal Navy in the Early Eighteenth Century /Helen Julia Paul -- 7. Accounting for Power /Pepijn Brandon -- 8. The Prince as Military Entrepreneur? /Andrea Thiele -- 9. The Grip of the State? /Thomas Goossens -- 10. Agency Government in Louis XIV's France /Guy Rowlands -- 11. Centralized Funding of the Army in Spain /Carlos Álvarez-Nogal -- 12. In the Shadow of Power /Rafael Torres Sánchez -- 13. Rewarding Success in Military Enterprise /Rhoads Murphey -- 14. The Evolution of Ottoman Military Logistical Systems in the Later Eighteenth Century /Kahraman Şakul -- Bibliography /Jeff Fynn-Paul -- Index /Jeff Fynn-Paul.

Revisiting Cuba's first republic / Steven Palmer, José Antonio Piqueras, and Amparo Sánchez -- A sunken ship, a bronze eagle, and the politics of memory: the "social life" of the USS Maine in Cuba (1898-1961) / Marial Iglesias Utset -- Shifting sands of Cuban science, 1875-1933 / Steven Palmer -- Race, labor, and citizenship in Cuba: a view from the sugar district of Cienfuegos, 1886-1909 / Rebecca J. Scott -- Slaughterhouses and milk consumption in the "sick republic": socio-environmental change and sanitary technology in Havana, 1890-1925 / Reinaldo Funes Monzote -- Attributes for the capital of an austere republic / José Antonio Piqueras Arenas -- Transcending borders: ¡tierra! and the expansion of anarchism in Cuba after independence / Amparo Sánchez -- Steeds, cocks, and guayaberas: the social impact of agrarian reorganization in the republic / Imilcy Balboa Navarro -- District 25: rotary clubs and regional civic power in Cuba, 1916-1940 / Maikel Fariñas Borrego -- El naciente público oyente: towards a genealogy of the audience in early republican Cuba / Alejandra Bronfman -- New knowledge for new times: the sociedad del folklore Cubano during the "critical decade" (1923-1930) / Ricardo Quiza Moreno -- Nation, state, and the making of the Cuban working class, 1920-1940 / Robert Whitney.

"Focusing on rural development and environmental conservation, this book brings together the detailed history of development in East Timor under two colonial regimes and under the contemporary conditions of national independence. It focuses on two comparative areas of development and conservation: the politics of development across the three political regimes, and development in independent East Timor across four case studies of interventions delivered by various national or international development agencies. Employing a unique classificatory framework for kinds of approaches to development--coercive orders, mandated orders, negotiated orders--the book looks at the plantation-centred development of Portuguese Timor as a European colony and the integration-oriented development of 'Timor Timur' as Indonesia's 27th province. It examines the neoliberal 'democratic' development of East Timor (or Timor-Leste) in the current context of state and nation-building, before drawing on case studies to examine how development proceeds as a negotiation between the authoritative yearnings of state, non-state and international development actors and the needs of local people to adapt intervention to suit their lived realities"--

The United States needs airpower, but does it need an air force? In Grounded, Robert M. Farley persuasively argues that America should end the independence of the United States Air Force (USAF) and divide its assets and missions between the United States Army and the United States Navy. In the wake of World War I, advocates of the Air Force argued that an organizationally independent air force would render other military branches obsolete. These boosters promised clean, easy wars: airpower would destroy cities beyond the reach of the armies and would sink navies before they could reach the coast. However, as Farley demonstrates, independent air forces failed to deliver on these promises in World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the first Gulf War, the Kosovo conflict, and the War on Terror. They have also had perverse effects on foreign and security policy, as politicians have been tempted by the vision of devastating airpower to initiate otherwise ill-considered conflicts. The existence of the USAF also produces turf wars with the Navy and the Army, leading to redundant expenditures, nonsensical restrictions on equipment use, and bad tactical decisions

"Over the last two decades, Singapore has undergone a substantial degree of 'Asianization'. Apart from participating in the Asian values debate of the 1990s, re-visioning itself as 'New Asia' and a global-Asian hub, and establishing Asian identities for the commodities it consumes and produces, Singapore has also repurposed its modernity, cultures, and ethos along similar regionalist precepts. However, even in recent times, Singapore continues to vacillate ambivalently between identifying with and differentiating itself from Asia. Responding to the challenges Singapore faces in coming to terms with its Asian identity, this book examines the complex cultural, social, and political underpinnings that have shaped Singapore's mainstream discourse in Asia. Indeed, it argues that its legacy as a colonial port city, the exigencies of managing the post-independence nation state, and the larger forces of imperialism and capitalism all contribute to its politics of Asianism. Taking a thoroughly interdisciplinary approach, that spans history, cultural studies, postcolonialism, and cultural geography, Leong Yew reveals how Asia has been used to narrate Singapore's beginnings, revalidate Singaporean ethnic culture and to consolidate its practices of consumption and commodification"--

Intro -- Introduction -- Part I - Managers: Beyond Regulation -- Chapter 1 - The Inevitable Instability of American Corporate Governance -- Chapter 2 - Values and Corporate Responsibility: A Personal Perspective -- Chapter 3 - Management as a Profession -- Part II - Reimagining Gatekeeper Identities -- Chapter 4 - The Regulators and the Financial Scandals -- Chapter 5 - The Professionalization of Corporate Directors -- Comment - Should Directors Be Professionals? -- Comment - Professionalization Does Not Mean Power or Accountability -- Comment - The Limits of Corporate Law in Promoting Good Corporate Governance -- Chapter 6 - The Auditor as Gatekeeper: A Perilous Expectations Gap -- Comment - The Audit and the Auditor's Central Role -- Chapter 7 - Professional Independence and the Corporate Lawyer -- Comment - The Dubious History and Psychology of Clubs as Self-Regulatory Organizations -- Chapter 8 - The Financial Scandals and the Demise of the Traditional Investment Banker -- Comment - Toward A Higher Standard of Conduct in Investment Banking -- Chapter 9 - Journalists and the Corporate Scandals: What Happened to the Watchdog? -- Part III - Report of the American Academy's Corporate Responsibility Steering Committee -- Corporate Responsibility Steering Committee -- Report of the American Academy's Corporate Responsibility Steering Committee -- About the Co-Chairs -- About the Authors.

"Focusing on rural development and environmental conservation, this book brings together the detailed history of development in East Timor under two colonial regimes and under the contemporary conditions of national independence. It focuses on two comparative areas of development and conservation: the politics of development across the three political regimes, and development in independent East Timor across four case studies of interventions delivered by various national or international development agencies. Employing a unique classificatory framework for kinds of approaches to development--coercive orders, mandated orders, negotiated orders--the book looks at the plantation-centred development of Portuguese Timor as a European colony and the integration-oriented development of 'Timor Timur' as Indonesia's 27th province. It examines the neoliberal 'democratic' development of East Timor (or Timor-Leste) in the current context of state and nation-building, before drawing on case studies to examine how development proceeds as a negotiation between the authoritative yearnings of state, non-state and international development actors and the needs of local people to adapt intervention to suit their lived realities"--

"Xinjiang, China's far northwestern province where the majority of the population are Muslim Uyghurs, was for most of its history contested territory. On the Silk Road, a region of overlapping cultures, the province was virtually independent until the late nineteenth century, nominally part of the Qing Empire, with considerable interest taken in it by the British and the Russians as part of their Great Game rivalry in Asia. Ruled by warlords in the early twentieth century, it was occupied in 1949-50 by the People's Liberation Army, since when attempts have been made to integrate the province more fully into China. This book outlines the history of Xinjiang. It focuses on the key city of Kashgar, the symbolic heart of Uighur society, drawing on a large body of records in which ordinary people provided information on the period around the communist takeover. These records provide an exceptionally rich source, showing how ordinary Uyghurs lived their everyday lives before the communist takeover, and how their lives were profoundly affected by the communist takeover. Subjects covered by the book include Eastern Turkestan independence, regional politics, local government, the military, taxation, education and the press"--

America's Great Recession has provoked a twenty-first century awareness of her costly social welfare commitments, failure to protect Americans in times of broad-based economic disaster, and longstanding inability to reduce poverty. Arguing that historic social rehabilitation efforts to confront longstanding American poverty have failed, and by concentrating on the cash support obligations America has undertaken, this book refocuses the poverty debate on an overburdened social welfare system deprived of a sufficient political and economic foundation to support its commitments. American capitalism has refashioned itself to meet today's global economic challenges, often at the expense of economically disadvantaged citizens, while the social welfare system remains chained to principles that fail to narrate American poverty. Economic need is no longer a story of personal failure; poverty has become a macroeconomic construct, and work no longer provides the poor with the path to economic independence. Only by refashioning America's social insurances, her commitments to welfare assistance, and her inadequate efforts to support low wage employment will America join the ranks of companion advanced nations in bringing poverty under control.