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THE GROWTH OF POLITICAL SCIENCE HAS BEEN RAPID RECENTLY, BUT THE LINKS BETWEEN THE ACADEMIC STUDY OF POLITICS AND THE PUBLIC HAVE NOT MARKEDLY IMPROVED,BECAUSE,THEY OFTEN APPEAR ABSTRACT OR THEORETICAL AN IMPROVEMENT WILL ONLY OCCUR WHEN POLITICAL SCIENTISTS BECOME MORE CONCERNED WITH THE PROBLEMS WHICH POLITICIANS AND THE PUBLIC.THIS MEANS BEING PREPARED TO LINK VALUES TO PROPOSALS MORE FIRMLY.

It has been argued that social science disciplines influence their members policy research via theoretical focus, methods, norms, and system maintenance mechanisms and that these forces inhibit the usefulness of policy research for policy‐making. Political science is found to influence substantially its members policy research output and to decrease its policy usefulness, primarily by promoting explanations of policy, although the extent of influence and lack of usefulness are less than studies of other disciplines suggest. Whereas highly useful outcome analyses are produced less frequently than many advocates of policy research would hope, a sub‐stantial body of policy research undertakes objectives that when satisfied, particularly in the area of problem definition, provide moderately useful output to decision makers. In addition, policy research output is remarkably diverse substantively, but less so in terms of the purposes it serves.

In 2005, PS: Political Science and Politics
published myriad articles covering a vast range of topics. Symposia
alone published in 2005 focused on reviewing the 2004 presidential
election, the careers of political scientists who graduated during
"separate but equal," the politics of same-sex marriage,
strategizing for department chairs in an era of resource
constraints, the nature and political significance of preemption, a
guide to publishing your first book, and the changing citizenship
theory and practice. Upcoming symposia will focus on Middle East
research methods, the editorial cartoon in politics, and the
politics of water. And remember, these are only the symposia. The
journal's commitment to publishing articles on pedagogy and on the
profession, as well as exemplary topical scholarship on a wide array
of topics, calls for an equally broad stable of expert reviewers.
PS cannot publish such diverse work without the
outstanding work (and open-mindedness) of our peer reviewers. The
peer review process relies on the professionalism and generosity of
those who contribute their time to read and evaluate the work of
others. The editors of PS thank the following
scholars, who served as manuscript reviewers between January 1,
2005, and December 31, 2005.

Chapter 1. Introduction – Sociology as a Human Science: An Unfinished Revolution -- Chapter 2. Epistemology Contextualized: Social Scientific Knowledge in a Post-Positivist Era -- Chapter 3. Justifying Sociological Knowledge: From Realism to Interpretation -- Chapter 4. Formation Stories and Causality in Sociology (with Daniel Hirschman) -- Chapter 5. Ratio via machina: Three Standards of Mechanistic Explanation in Sociology (with Natalie B. Aviles) -- Chapter 6. Meaning and Modularity: The Multivalence of "Mechanism" in Sociological Explanation (with Carly R. Knight) -- Chapter 7. Theorizing and the Unsettlement of Communities of Inquiry in the Social Sciences (with Mayer Zald) -- Chapter 8. What is Interpretive Explanation in Sociohistorical Analysis?.

American political science has long aspired to emulate both the objective research methods of the natural sciences & their practical successes in controlling their objects of study. Regrettably, the putative tension between these two ambitions is rarely discussed. This essay seeks to touch off such a discussion by illuminating a significant problem that produces tension between objective knowledge accumulation & practical control of politics, but not of nature: self-disconfirming analysis. The problem is that in some situations, successful realization of the normative implications of political analysis may create new political patterns that are no longer consistent with the law-like regularities uncovered by that analysis. I demonstrate how this problem is manifest in the work of Robert Putnam, whose career exhibits a commitment to (naturalistic) scientific rigor as well as a passion for sociopolitical change. If the agenda implied by Putnam's scientific research were to be implemented, some of the causal claims established by that research would be removed from actual operation. I argue that the failure of political science to realize its naturalistic aspirations is at least partly attributable to this problem.

Programme doctoral en Sciences économiques ; In the first chapter (« Optimal Vote Buying » coauthored with Leon Musolff, Princeton University), we analyze a vote buying problem. We show that bribing a supermajority can be cheaper due to pivotal considerations. When a large number of committee members receive a bribe, they do not expect to be pivotal in the election. As a result, it is sufficient to offer them a small amount of money in exchange for their vote. Due to this mechanism, it turns out that the vote buyer generally prefers to bribe a supermajority.In the second chapter (« Voting and contributing when the group is watching » coauthored with Emeric Henry, Sciences Po) we study the interaction between the way members vote on rules and their subsequent behaviors. This analysis applies to groups who choose their own rules and who care about their image. We study how players' considerations depend on the visibility of the process. We show that multiple norms can emerge. We discuss the problem of a social planner and the implications for welfare.The last chapter (« Military service and political participation » coauthored with Etienne Fize) investigates the impact of the French military service on political behaviors. Exploiting the suspension of mandatory conscription for French men, we find a significant and positive impact of military service on turnout. This effect ranges from 3.6 percentage points for the first round of the presidential election of 2012 to 8.9 percentage points for the second round of the legislative elections. We also investigate the impact of conscription on political preferences and we find that former conscripts are significantly more nationalist and conservative. ; Le premier chapitre de cette thèse, intitulé « Optimal Vote Buying » (co-écrit avec Leon Musolff, Princeton University) s'intéresse à la corruption de comités. Il s'agit d'une contribution théorique dans laquelle nous montrons qu'il est généralement peu onéreux de corrompre une large majorité de membres du comité. En ...

Der Autor untersucht auf der Datenbasis 1974 die finanziellen Auswirkungen der im Jahr 1969 in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland durchgeführten Finanzreform. In der empirischen Untersuchung stehen 2 Fragen im Mittelpunkt: 1. In welche Richtung und in welchem Ausmass verändern die einzelnen Massnahmen der Finanzreform die Finanzkraftunterschiede auf Länder- und Gemeindeebene? 2. Entspricht die reformbedingte Veränderung des regionalen Finanzkraftgefälles den angestrebten Zielen und wie ist sie aus regionalpolitischer Sicht zu beurteilen?

In der Arbeit werden vier Optionen zur Schaffung eines europäischen Strommarktes entwickelt und bewertet, in deren Mittelpunkt der Stromtransportbereich steht. Es wird ein optimales Ordnungsmodell konzipiert und aufgezeigt, wie dieses eingeführt werden kann. Die Arbeit untersucht außerdem, auf welcher Grundlage Stromtransporte durch Versorgungsgebiete abgerechnet werden können.

Ausgehend von der zunehmenden quantitativen Bedeutung der Auslandsverschuldung des Staates untersucht der Verfasser zunächst, ob eine derartige Verschuldung in der Lage ist, den inländischen Kapitalmarkt zu entlasten und die Zinsbelastung des Staates zu senken. Anschliessend werden die Auswirkungen auf Volkseinkommen, Beschäftigung und Preisniveau im Inland analysiert. Darüber hinaus wird gefragt, inwieweit die Auslandsverschuldung des Staates in der gegenwärtigen bundesdeutschen Situation als zahlungsbilanzpolitisches Instrument eingesetzt werden kann.