Die Arbeit nimmt die in jüngster Zeit vor allem in den USA er- hobenen Forderungen nach einer verfassungsmässigen Begrenzung der Staatstätigkeit zum Ausgangspunkt für eine systematische Analyse der Vor- und Nachteile einer institutionellen Fixierung der Staats- quote. Grundlagen sind dabei zum einen eine Theorie des Staats- versagens, zum anderen ein politisches Modell, in dem das Angebot an öffentlichen Gütern aus der Beziehung zwischen Politikern und Bürokratien und die Nachfrage aus der Beziehung zwischen Bürgern und Politikern erklärt wird. Im Ergebnis erscheint eine Begrenzungs- regel günstig für die Qualität des Angebots aber unsicher in Bezug auf die Qualität der Nachfrage nach öffentlichen Gütern.
In der Auseinandersetzung um die Lösung stabilitätspolitischer Probleme wird seit den 70er Jahren in den Vereinigten Staaten der Vorschlag diskutiert, die Globalsteuerung durch den Einsatz der Steuerpolitik mikroökonomisch zu ergänzen. Allen Vorschlägen einer «tax-based incomes policy» ist der Zweck gemeinsam, dafür zu sorgen, dass die Kosten stabilitätswidrigen Verhaltens bei mikroökonomischen Lohn- und Preisentscheidungen einbezogen werden sollen. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung werden die Voraussetzungen dieser Ansätze herausgearbeitet und die Wirkungen auf Allokation, Distribution und Stabilität untersucht.
Antizyklische Regelmechanismen für den Staatssektor («formula flexibility») werden mit diskretionärer staatlicher Konjunkturpolitik verglichen. Damit wird der häufig anzutreffende Vergleich vermieden, bei dem die kontroversen Strategien sich ausserdem durch die Zielsetzung unterscheiden oder mit unterschiedlichen Annahmen über die Funktionsmechanismen der Wirtschaft konfrontiert werden. Sowohl theoretische Überlegungen als auch anhand empirischer Beispiele belegte Ergebnisse (Indikatorvorschläge aus den USA, Gesamtindikator des Sachverständigenrats und Bestersscher Indikatorvorschlag aus der BRD) lassen «formula flexibility» als völlig ungeeignet zur Lösung konjunkturpolitischer Probleme erscheinen.
Studies of Latin American political science are centered on analyses of national cases and are based on intellectual narratives about the institutional development and teaching of the discipline. In this article we take a different, more comprehensive and comparative approach. We distinguish and contrast two Latin American political sciences: one native to Latin America and published in journals from five countries in the region, and one foreign and published in journals from five countries outside the region. We use three types of bibliometric measures: 01. reciprocal citations in 23 academic journals indexed in the Scopus database; 02. co-occurrence of terms in titles and abstracts of 5,880 research articles published between 2006 and 2018; and 03. co-citations of authors in the bibliographies of said articles. The network of journals forms a well-defined archipelago with three clusters separated by language (English, Spanish and Portuguese). The community is divided along two main axes: political approaches versus sociological approaches. The study also points out that themes, authors, and methodologies are not significantly different between these two political sciences.
ABSTRACTWhy do students enroll in political science courses? I conducted an experiment designed to test the appeal of three possible motivations: students might hope to develop valuable skills, look for a better grasp of current events, or expect a deeper understanding of how the world works and their place within it. The experiment involved visiting several sections of Introduction to American Government courses. In each section, I advertised a political science course offered in the following semester. However, I varied the way in which the course was described and subsequently tracked whether students enrolled in it. I find that highlighting opportunities to develop skills does not have a significant effect on enrollment. In contrast, emphasizing "how the world works" is most effective at increasing enrollment. Qualitative evidence suggests that students are attracted to this type of course because it offers the opportunity for personal development and growth.
Frontmatter -- CONTENTS -- INTRODUCTION -- Smiley's People / Shugarman, David P. / Whitaker, Reg -- HISTORY AND ITS CONSEQUENCES -- The Origins of Co-operative Federalism / Stevenson, Garth -- The Concept of the Region in Canadian Politics / Brodie, Janine -- Vive le Quebec Libre! or Putting the Leader Back In / Clarkson, Stephen -- THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN CANADIAN LIFE -- Health Insurance: the Roller-Coaster in Federal-Provincial Relations / Taylor, Malcolm -- The Political Culture of Problem-Solving and Public Policy / Bell, David -- POLITICAL COMMUNITY AND POLITICAL TRADITIONS -- Political Science, Ethnicity, and the Canadian Constitution / Cairns, Alan -- Making Canada Bilingual: Illusions and Delusions of Federal Language Policy / McRoberts, Kenneth -- Federalism, Pluralism, and the Canadian Community / Thorburn, Hugh -- Incorporating Canada's Other Political Tradition / Verney, Douglas -- The Meech Lake Accord / Boase, Joan -- THE CONSTITUTION AND THE CHARTER OF RIGHTS -- The Supreme Court and the Charter: A Question of Legitimacy / Russell, Peter -- Canadian Constitutionalism and the Sequel to the Meech Lake/Langevin Accord / Dupre, J. Stefan -- Federalism Fights the Charter of Rights / Hogg, Peter -- The Myths of Legislative and Constitutional Supremacy / Greene, Jan -- The Courts as Arbiters of Social Values / Mallory, James -- Ideology and the Charter / Shugarman, David P. -- Rights in a 'Free and Democratic Society': Abortion / Whitaker, Reg -- MASS COMMUNICATION AND POLITICS -- 'Going Public': Mass Communications and Executive Federalism / Black, Edwin R. -- Broadcasting in the Federation: National Power, Divided Purpose / Smith, David -- Federalism and Communications Policy: Communications and Confederation Revisited / Fletcher, Martha / Fletcher, Fred -- DONALD SMILEY AND THE STUDY OF FEDERALISM -- We Are All Smiley's People / Simeon, Richard -- The Interplay of Political Institutions and Political Communities / Gibbins, Roger -- Executive Federalism: The Comparative Perspective / Watts, Ronald -- POSTFACE -- On Political Science and Political Power / Smiley, Donald -- APPENDIX -- Bihliography of the Works of Donald Smiley
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In: PS: political science & politics, Band 45, Heft 2, S. 330-331
In 2011, PS: Political Science and Politics published articles covering a vast range of topics. The journal's commitment to publishing articles on pedagogy and the profession, as well as exemplary topical scholarship on a spectrum of issues, call for an equally broad stable of reviewers. PS cannot publish such diverse work without the outstanding work (and openmindedness) of our peer reviewers. The peer-review process relies on the professionalism and generosity of those who contribute their time and knowledge to read and evaluate the work of others. In 2011, 451 reviewers were asked to review, 132 agreed and completed their review. The editor and staff of PS thank the following scholars who served as manuscript reviewers between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2011.
Freedom of speech is a fundamental human right and a core value in liberal democracies. It is also, however, one of our time's most contested issues, constantly claimed to be either too wide-ranging, at the peril of vulnerable minority groups, or too limited, restricting dissent and democratic deliberation. Employing a sociological lens on the dynamics of the public sphere, this book investigates how the boundaries of free speech are contested and negotiated through social processes which silence certain groups and opinions while amplifying others. The book focuses on key topics in current free speech debates – immigration, religion and culture. Drawing on population-representative survey data, media analysis and in-depth interviews, the authors paint a broad picture of how boundaries of free speech are defined and maintained, experienced and challenged, in the rapidly changing Norwegian public sphere.
