Suchergebnisse

Objective: More than 450 million people are considered to be suffered from mental problem in the world nowadays. In Ethiopia, these problems constitute for 12.45% of the impact of diseases and around 12% of individuals are estimated to be develop any form of mental problems, of which 2% are severe cases. One of the most psychiatric problem that cause substantial functional impairment and suffering is anxiety disorders. To assess the prevalence of anxiety disorder and associated factors among voluntary counseling and HIV testing (VCT) clients of Addis Ababa governmental health centers, Ethiopia, 2017. Method : An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted at Addis Ababa governmental health centers from February 15 to March 10, 2017. A Cluster sampling technique was used and 770 study participants were interviewed. Data were entered into EPI INFO version 2002 and transferred to SPSS version 19.0 windows and was analyzed. The logistic regression of analyses was used. Results: The prevalence of anxiety disorder among VCT clients was 39.2%. Factors that statistically significant with an anxiety disorder: fear of stigma or social discrimination (AOR = 3.01, 95%CI: 1.67, 5.42), history of haven't been tested before for HIV (AOR = 3.97, 95%CI: 2.32, 6.81), and fear of having a positive result (AOR = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.55, 4.36); the burden of family size was marginally significant at 0.05 level of significance (P = 0.075). Conclusion: The prevalence of anxiety problems among voluntary counseling and HIV testing clients of Addis Ababa governmental health centers was high. Fear of stigma, fear of having a positive result, and no history of a test before were the most factors associated with anxiety disorders. I recommended that increasing awareness in reducing stigma/discrimination, appropriate psychiatry counseling for individuals and community at the health center, and Addis Ababa Health Bureau should be arranged.

In this text I intend to address the issue of memory as the central axis of this work of Rodrigues, articulating it with forgetfulness and negations of history. Such articulation leads to the notions of "memorylessness" and "discursive a‑memory" (Robin/Paveau, 2013). Bluntly, Fúria speaks of the memory of a country that poorly cultivates, documents and reflects on its history, based on a dramaturgical construction that shows the tensions that emerge from such absence. Violence, loneliness, fear, oppression, prejudice, racism, beauty, seduction, complicity and trust, emerge on the scene in a non‑linear historical path. Epic building and dismantling a parade, the work creates metaphorical images in a kind of hallucinating spiral. The show, entitled to its title, exposes the countless wounds of a society at risk. Here we can perceive all the characters in this story – past, present and potential future – so forgotten and neglected. Noble European settlers, slaves, mythological images, politicians, street dwellers, prostitutes, references to money, power and sex. Although Fúria makes a ruthless portrait of Brazil's current moment, it seems evident that it is not only talking about this South American society, but about a whole Western capitalist society in deep crisis and in urgent alertness. CONTEMPORARY DANCE / MEMORY / A-MEMORY / NON-MEMORY / DRAMATURGY ; Neste texto pretendo abordar a questão da memória como eixo central desta obra de Rodrigues, articulando-a com o esquecimento e as negações da história. Tal articulação leva às noções de "sem memória" e "memória discursiva" (Robin/Paveau, 2013). Fúria fala sem rodeios da memória de um país que cultiva mal, documenta e reflecte sobre a sua história, com base numa construção dramatúrgica que mostra as tensões que emergem de tal ausência. Violência, solidão, medo, opressão, preconceito, racismo, beleza, sedução, cumplicidade e confiança, emergem em cena num caminho histórico. Construção épica e desmontagem de um desfile, a obra cria imagens metafóricas numa espécie ...

OBJECTIVES: Due to their potentially deleterious effects, minimizing the use of opioids for musculoskeletal pain is a priority for healthcare systems. The objective of this study was to examine the risk of future opioid prescription use based on prior opioid use within a non-surgical cohort with musculoskeletal knee pain. We also examined the risk of pre-existing comorbidities on future opioid use, and the risk of prior opioid use on future comorbidities (sleep, mental health, cardiometabolic disorders). METHODS: Data came from the Military Health System Data Repository for 80 290 consecutive beneficiaries with an initial episode of care for patellofemoral pain from January 1, 2010 through December 31, 2011. Risk was calculated using 2 × 2 tables based on pre- and post-opioid utilization and comorbid diagnosis. Risk ratios, relative and absolute risk increases, and numbers needed to harm were calculated, all with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Prior opioid use resulted in a risk ratio of 18.0 (95 CI 17.1, 19.0) and an absolute risk increase of 61.6% for future opioid use (numbers needed to harm = 2). The presence of all comorbidities (except cardiometabolic syndrome) were associated with a significant relative risk for future opioid use (RR range 1.2-1.5), but the absolute risk increase was trivial (range 0.7%-2.2%). The relative risk for a chronic pain diagnosis, traumatic brain injury/concussion, insomnia, depression, and PTSD were all significantly higher in those with prior opioid use (1.3-1.6), but absolute risk increase was minimal (1.1%-6.5%). DISCUSSION: Prior opioid use was a strong risk factor for future opioid use in non-surgical patients with knee pain. These findings show that history of prior opioid use is important when assessing the risk of future opioid use, whereas prior comorbidities may not be as important. Opioid history assessment should be standard practice for all patients with patellofemoral pain in whom an opioid prescription is considered.

Decisions about dams, like other environmental conflicts, involve complex tradeoffs between different water uses with varying human and ecological impacts, have significant impacts on public resources and involve many stakeholders with diverse and often conflicting interests. Given the many upcoming dam decisions in New England and across the United States of America, an improved understanding of public preferences about dam decisions is needed to steward resources in the public interest. This research asks (1) What does the public want to see happen with dams?, and (2) Do demographic factors influence public preferences for dam decisions? This paper analyzes data from three statewide public opinion polls conducted in New Hampshire over 2018 using univariate, bivariate and multivariate statistical analysis of public preferences for dam removal or maintaining dams for specific benefits, including property values, hydropower generation, industrial history and recreation, and evaluates the effect of age, level of formal education, gender and political party. Our findings indicate that a majority of New Hampshire residents prefer to keep dams when they are used to generate hydropower, whereas majorities prefer instead to remove dams rather than to keep them for industrial history, recreation, or property values. Respondent demographic characteristics and political outlooks influence these preferences, in patterns broadly resembling those for many other environment-related issues. Political party, gender, and age are the strongest predictors: liberal leaning, younger, and female respondents are more likely to support dam removal. Level of formal education has no significant effect on preferences for keeping or removing dams. The results provide the first insights into statewide public preferences about dam removal in New England, support the use of public opinion polling to complement input from public meetings and guide decisions, and contribute to existing scholarship about public environmental preferences and the influence of demographic factors.

Genomic research depends upon access to DNA or tissue collected and preserved according to high-quality standards. At present, the collections in most natural history museums do not sufficiently address these standards. In response to these challenges, natural history museums, culture collections, herbaria, botanical gardens and others have started to build high-quality biodiversity biobanks. Unfortunately, information about these collections remains fragmented, scattered and largely inaccessible. Without a central registry of relevant institutions, it is difficult and time-consuming to locate the needed samples. The Global Genome Biodiversity Network (GGBN) was created to fill this gap by establishing a central access point for locating samples meeting quality standards for genome-scale applications, while complying with national and international legislations and conventions (e.g. the Nagoya Protocol). The GGBN is rapidly growing and currently has 70 members and works closely together with GBIF, SPNHC, CETAF, INSDC, BOLD, ESBB, ISBER, GSC and others to reach its goals. Knowledge of biodiversity biobank content is urgently needed to enable concerted efforts and strategies in collecting and sampling new material and making ABS a reality. GGBN provides an infrastructure for making genomic samples discoverable and accessible. While respecting national law, GGBN requires that its members comply with the provisions of the Nagoya-protocol. Thus researchers, collection-holding institutions, and networks should adopt a common Best Practice approach to manage ABS, as has been developed by GGBN. A Code of Conduct; recommendations for implementing the Code of Conduct (the Best Practices), and implementation tools, such as standard Material Transfer Agreements (MTA) and mandatory and recommended data fields in collection databases, are tools which will aid compliance. This talk provides an overview of GGBN and comprises updates on GGBN's best practices on ABS and the Nagoya Protocol, with examples of their use and ...

[EN] We trace here the layout of Cassirer's intellectual itinerary, highlightning the growing political commitment in his thought as he faces the national socialist ideology from the vantage point of history of ideas and his philosophy of the symbolic forms, invoking in this sense the spirit of Enlightenment in general and Kant in a very particular way as well. Cassirer's ideological rebuttal of Nazism begins in 1928 with his hommage to the Weimar Republic and reaches up to 1945 with The Myth of State. Here however it is presented an interpretation of the dangerously moral meaning that Judaism had for the totalitarian ideology of National Socialism. ; [ES] Se traza aquí una panorámica del itinerario intelectual de Cassirer, enfatizando el creciente compromiso político de su pensamiento, al querer combatir la ideología nacionalsocialista desde la historia de las ideas y su filosofía de la cultura simbólica, invocando para ello al espíritu de la Ilustración en general y a Kant muy en particular. Su refutación ideológica del nazismo comienza en 1928 con su homenaje a la República de Weimar y llega hasta 1945 con El mito del Estado, pero aquí se presenta su interpretación del significado peligrosamente moral que tuvo el judaísmo para la ideología totalitaria del nacionalsocialismo. ; Este trabajo se adscribe a los Proyectos de Investigación Philosophy of History and Globalisation of Knowledge. Cultural Bridges Between Europe and Latin America: WORLDBRIDGES (F7-PEOPLE-2013-IRSES: PIRSES-GA-2013-612644), PRISMAS filosófico-morales de las crisis: Hacia una nueva pedagogía sociopolítica (FFI2013-42395-P), New Trust-com (S2015-HUM-1466), Cultura de la Legalidad y lucha contra la corrupción (DER2015-71755-REDT) y PAIDESOC. El desván de la razón: Cultivo de las pasiones, identidades éticas y sociedades digitales (FFI2017-88272-P). ; Peer Reviewed

"One Table Two Elephants" is a cinematic ethnography about race, nature and ways of knowing the postcolonial city. SYNOPSIS – This is a film about bushmen bboys, a flower kingdom and the ghost of a princess. Entering the city through its plants and wetlands, the many-layered, painful and liberating history of the city emerges as we see how biologists, hip hoppers, and wetland activists each searches for ways to craft symbols of unity and cohesion. But this is a fraught and difficult task. Perhaps not even desirable. Plants, aliens, memories and ghosts keep troubling efforts of weaving stories about this place called Cape Town. THE PROCESS – Situated and grounded in lived experiences across a range of groups, this film follows different ways of knowing and tries to be a vehicle toward difficult yet urgently needed conversations about how race, nature and the city are intertwined in our postcolonial world where history is ever present in subtle and direct ways. This cinematic ethnography brings texture to understand a city like Cape Town, while providing possibilities to translate what is happening "there" to conversations about any city and its surroundings. CONTEXT – One Table Two Elephants is created in a context of long-term urban research in Cape Town with an environmental and social science orientation. It is part of the projects Ways of Knowing Urban Ecologies and Towards a Visual Environmental Humanities at the KTH Environmental Humanities Lab that produce explorative and artistic forms academic knowledge production beyond writing and text. CREATED BY – Jacob von Heland and Henrik Ernstson. Cinematography: Johan von Reybekiel. Sound: Jonathan Chiles. Editing: Jacob von Heland. Assistant Editing: Henrik Ernstson. Sound Design and Mix: Jakob Oldenburg. Production Coordination: Jessica Rattle and Nceba Mangesi. Color grade: Johan von Reybekiel. Original Music: Louise Becker. Graphic Design: Erik Hartin. PRODUCED BY – Telltales Film, in collaboration with The Situated Ecologies Platform, African Centre for ...

As few studies have examined the relationship between the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene and clinical outcomes after military-related traumatic brain injury (TBI), we aimed to determine whether the ε4 allele of the APOE gene influences neuropsychiatric symptoms in veterans with a history of mild-to-moderate TBI. Participants included 133 veterans (TBI = 79; military controls [MC] = 54) who underwent APOE genotyping and were divided into ε4(+) (TBI = 18; MC = 15) and ε4(–) (TBI = 61; MC = 39) groups. All participants underwent evaluation of psychological distress using the Beck Depression Inventory-II, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and PTSD Checklist-Military Version. Two-way analyses of variance were conducted to examine the effect of group (TBI vs. MC) and APOE-ε4 status (ε4(+) vs. ε4(–)) across symptom measures. There was a significant main effect of group across all symptom measures (TBI > MC; all p values <0.001), no main effect of ε4 genotype (p = 0.152–0.222), and a significant interaction of group by ε4 genotype across all measures (p = 0.027–0.047). Specifically, for TBI participants, ε4(+) veterans demonstrated significantly higher symptom scores across all measures when compared to ε4(–) veterans (p = 0.007–0.015). For MC participants, ε4 status had no effect on the severity of psychiatric symptom scores (p = 0.585–0.708). Our results demonstrate that, in our well-characterized sample of veterans with history of neurotrauma, possession of the ε4 allele conveys risk for increased symptomatology (i.e., depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder), even well outside of the acute phase of injury. Findings suggest a meaningful relationship between APOE genotype and psychiatric distress post-TBI, and they suggest that there is a brain basis for the complex neuropsychiatric presentation often observed in this vulnerable population. Future longitudinal studies are needed in order to further our understanding of how genetic factors influence response to TBI.

Genomic research depends upon access to DNA or tissue collected and preserved according to high-quality standards. At present, the collections in most natural history museums do not sufficiently address these standards. In response to these challenges, natural history museums, culture collections, herbaria, botanical gardens and others have started to build high-quality biodiversity biobanks. Unfortunately, information about these collections remains fragmented, scattered and largely inaccessible. Without a central registry of relevant institutions, it is difficult and time-consuming to locate the needed samples. The Global Genome Biodiversity Network (GGBN) was created to fill this gap by establishing a central access point for locating samples meeting quality standards for genome-scale applications, while complying with national and international legislations and conventions (e.g. the Nagoya Protocol). The GGBN is rapidly growing and currently has 70 members and works closely together with GBIF, SPNHC, CETAF, INSDC, BOLD, ESBB, ISBER, GSC and others to reach its goals. Knowledge of biodiversity biobank content is urgently needed to enable concerted efforts and strategies in collecting and sampling new material and making ABS a reality. GGBN provides an infrastructure for making genomic samples discoverable and accessible. While respecting national law, GGBN requires that its members comply with the provisions of the Nagoya-protocol. Thus researchers, collection-holding institutions, and networks should adopt a common Best Practice approach to manage ABS, as has been developed by GGBN. A Code of Conduct; recommendations for implementing the Code of Conduct (the Best Practices), and implementation tools, such as standard Material Transfer Agreements (MTA) and mandatory and recommended data fields in collection databases, are tools which will aid compliance. This talk provides an overview of GGBN and comprises updates on GGBN's best practices on ABS and the Nagoya Protocol, with examples of their use and applicability.

In Colombia, geographic education, in the framework of an educational policy, has experienced significant changes, with little curricular and formative support. It has undergone a transition from an autonomous to an integrated area—along with history, democracy and the political Constitution—under the name of social sciences, starting in 1994 with Law 115 of Education, and recently, with Law 1874 of 2017—which assigns History a different status to the other school social sciences—. Such changes show a diminished and increasingly blurred school geography. The Inter-Institutional Research Group Geopaideia, seeking to answer the why and what in school geographical education, has systematized some experiences aimed at defining curricular topics for the teaching of geography. This article is the product of these reflections and the practice of the three authors in educational policies, curriculum, teacher training, and school education. ; En Colombia la educación geográfica, enmarcada en la política educativa, ha tenido cambios significativos. Se ha dado la transición de área autónoma a un área integrada con la historia, la democracia y la Constitución política, bajo la denominación de Ciencias Sociales, a partir de 1994 con la Ley 115 de Educación y, recientemente, con la expedición de la Ley 1874 del 2017, que le dio a la historia un estatus diferente al de las demás ciencias sociales escolares. Estos cambios evidencian una geografía escolar disminuida y cada vez más difuminada. Desde el Grupo Interinstitucional de Investigación Geopaideia, buscando responder al porqué y al para qué de la educación geográfica escolar, se han sistematizado algunas experiencias cuyo propósito ha sido definir unas temáticas curriculares para la enseñanza de la geografía. El presente artículo es producto de estas reflexiones y de la práctica de los tres autores en políticas educativas, currículo, formación docente y enseñanza escolar. ; Na Colômbia, a educação geográfica, enquadrada na política educacional, sofreu mudanças ...

In this article we will look at a small but cohesive sample of plays by female dramatists of democratic Spain from the 1980's to the present, in which the dramatic retelling of history and myth has evolved in time as it accompanied the emergence of stronger female narratives. We will focus on plays that feature female protagonists whom we think we already know from history or mythology and who confront culturally predominant male narratives. In each case, the playwright offers her characters a unique opportunity to deconstruct and re-write these stories, or even to demythify and re-inscribe myth. These writers emphasize the credibility of their female characters as they urge their spectators to question the legitimacy of traditional patriarchal roles for women and to look beyond a purely masculine point of view to a more pertinent and comprehensive view of the problems that exist in the world outside the theater. ; En este artículo veremos una muestra pequeña pero coherente de obras de dramaturgas de la España democrática, desde los años 80 hasta la actualidad, en las que se ve una relectura de la historia y del mito. Nos centraremos en las obras protagonizadas por mujeres que ya reconocemos de la historia o de la mitología y veremos cómo estas figuras se enfrentan a las narrativas masculinas predominantes. En cada caso, la dramaturga ofrece a sus personajes una oportunidad única para deconstruir y re-escribir estas historias, o incluso para desmitificar y luego re-escribir unos mitos. Estas escritoras enfatizan la credibilidad de sus personajes femeninos mientras piden a su público que cuestione la legitimidad de viejos papeles patriarcales para mujeres, que mire más allá de un punto de vista puramente masculino y que proponga una visión más pertinente y completa de los problemas que existen en el mundo fuera del teatro.

In this article we will look at a small but cohesive sample of plays by female dramatists of democratic Spain from the 1980's to the present, in which the dramatic retelling of history and myth has evolved in time as it accompanied the emergence of stronger female narratives. We will focus on plays that feature female protagonists whom we think we already know from history or mythology and who confront culturally predominant male narratives. In each case, the playwright offers her characters a unique opportunity to deconstruct and re-write these stories, or even to demythify and re-inscribe myth. These writers emphasize the credibility of their female characters as they urge their spectators to question the legitimacy of traditional patriarchal roles for women and to look beyond a purely masculine point of view to a more pertinent and comprehensive view of the problems that exist in the world outside the theater. ; En este artículo veremos una muestra pequeña pero coherente de obras de dramaturgas de la España democrática, desde los años 80 hasta la actualidad, en las que se ve una relectura de la historia y del mito. Nos centraremos en las obras protagonizadas por mujeres que ya reconocemos de la historia o de la mitología y veremos cómo estas figuras se enfrentan a las narrativas masculinas predominantes. En cada caso, la dramaturga ofrece a sus personajes una oportunidad única para deconstruir y re-escribir estas historias, o incluso para desmitificar y luego re-escribir unos mitos. Estas escritoras enfatizan la credibilidad de sus personajes femeninos mientras piden a su público que cuestione la legitimidad de viejos papeles patriarcales para mujeres, que mire más allá de un punto de vista puramente masculino y que proponga una visión más pertinente y completa de los problemas que existen en el mundo fuera del teatro.

On 27 July, 2013, there was a mishap of more than 50 tons of crude oil spill near Prao Bay, Samet Island, Rayong Province, in the Gulf of Thailand. More than 2,000 people participated in oil spill cleanup. The objective of this study was to evaluate health effects in these people, and to initiate the surveillance process. We obtained their information via self-response questionnaires. This included personal data, work and oil spill exposure, personal protection to reduce exposure, medical history, and symptoms during cleanup. We also collected their after-work urines to test for trans, trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA), one of the benzene metabolites.The majority of 2,118 cleanup workers and volunteers consented to participate were male (90.2 %), and military (45.7 %), whereas 36.9 % of them were company employees and 17.4 % were volunteer citizens (civil defense volunteers, students, etc.). Their age ranged from 16 to 71 years. Their tasks included digging and collecting contaminated soil/sand (57.7%), collecting spilled oil (23.5%), and others (18.8%). Most of them (88.6%) wore personal protective equipment (PPE): gloves (58.6%), boots (44.9%), protective suit (42.3%), and mask (37.3%). Two-third of them wore the PPE all the time, whereas the others wore only some of the time. Medical history revealed that 5.5% of them had allergy and 3.9% had hypertension. Regarding symptoms during cleanup, we observed dizziness (11.5%), irritated/ dry throat (9.9%) and irritated eyes (9.1%). However, the most frequent symptoms were pulmonary. Regarding the examination of t,t-MA, 57.3% were not detected, 42.6% were lower than 500 µg/gCr, and only 1 subject (0.05%) had t,t-MA higher than 500 µg/gCr. We followed this individual and found that his urine t,t-MA returned to normal. Their cleanup practice, symptoms, and t,t-MA indicated that some of them had substantial exposure to crude oil and its constituents, and hence should be put under further surveillance.

Alexander von Humboldt ganó celebridad gracias a su viaje por América (entre 1799 y 1804). Una amplísima divulgación alcanzó su obra Kosmos, una descripción en cinco volúmenes (1845-1862) acerca del estado de conocimientos sobre el mundo. En un capítulo clave (1847), Humboldt expone la historia del saber como una historia de la violencia. Desde la Antigüedad clásica, el autor reconoce la existencia de una dialéctica entre la exploración científica del mundo y su explotación imperialista. Concebido después de las revoluciones independentistas latinoamericanas, Kosmos es la primera contribución de la literatura alemana a la teoría postcolonial. Desde esa perspectiva política puede entenderse también la híbrida forma de la obra. A partir del capítulo sobre la historia del conocimiento, el Kosmos desarrolla una confusa proliferación de distintos formatos y sub-formatos que parece imitar la exuberancia de la vegetación tropical. La disolución de una forma sistemática, "imperial", es el efecto de esa mirada crítica al carácter colonial de las ciencias. ; Alexander von Humboldt became world-famous during his American voyage (1799-1804). His last and most popular book, Kosmos, represents the entire world in five volumes (1845-1862). In a key chapter (1847) Humboldt narrates the history of knowledge as a history of violence. He diagnoses a dialectics of exploration and appropriation since Greek and Roman Antiquity. Conceived after the Latin American Revolution of Independence, Kosmos is the first contribution of German literature to post-colonial theory. From this political perspective, we can even understand the hybrid poetics of Humboldt's work. In Kosmos, a large number of formats and sub-formats confusingly proliferate, apparently imitating tropical vegetation. This dissolution of a systematic, centered form, following the recognition of research as a colonial activity, however, is rather the effect of Humboldt's self-critical insight into the connection between Science and Empire. He gave up the project of authorially representating the world, and instead artistically demonstrated its failure.

This abbreviated version provided by author request. ; The article of record as published may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30304-2 ; Background U.S. military suicides have increased significantly over the past decade and currently account for almost 20% of all military deaths. We investigated the associations of a comprehensive set of time-varying risk factors with suicides among current and former service members. Methods Retrospective multivariate analysis of all U.S. military personnel between 2001-2011 (N=110,035,573 person-quarters, representing 3,795,823 service members). Outcome was death by suicide, either during service or post-separation. Cox proportional hazard models at the person-quarter level were used to examine associations of deployment, mental disorders, history of unlawful activity, stressful life events, and other demographic and service factors with suicide death. Findings The strongest predictors of suicide were current and past diagnoses of self-inflicted injuries, major depression, bipolar disorder, substance use disorder, and other mental health conditions (comparing to those with no history of diagnoses, hazard ratio, HR, ranged from 1.4 [CI, 1.14- 1.72] to 8.34 [CI, 6.71-10.37]). Compared to those never deployed, hazards were lower among the currently-deployed (HR=0.50; CI,0.40-0.61) but significantly higher in the quarters following first deployment (HR=1.51; CI, 1.17-1.96). Hazard of suicide was elevated within the first year of separation from the military (HR=2.49; CI,2.12-2.91), and remained high for those who separated 6 or more years ago (HR=1.63; CI,1.45-1.82). Interpretation Elevated hazard of suicide death varies by time-since-exposure to deployment, mental health diagnoses, and other stressful life events. Continued monitoring is particularly needed for these high-risk individuals. Additional information should be gathered to address the persistent elevated risks of suicides among service members after separation.