Suchergebnisse

Tras una introducción basada en la necesidad de aunar la ciencia biomédica y la regulación jurídica de la misma, se analizan los antecedentes de las normas vigentes españolas respecto a donación y trasplante de órganos, realizando un paralelismo en Derecho comparado entre las regulaciones latinoamericanas y las europeas. Se analiza al final el reciente caso normativo de Gales -Reino Unido ; After an introduction based on the need to join biomedical science and the legal regulation of the same, the history of the Spanish current regulations regarding organ donation and transplantation are analyzed, making a parallelism in comparative law between Latin American and European regulations. The recent law that has been created in Wales is analyzed

Legal history can help to date shifts in social attitudes, because it shows how, when, and often also why norms changed. We demonstrate this by examining when consumer credit became widely accepted in the Netherlands and Belgium, because general access to credit may serve as a good indicator of the advent of a consumer society. That shift in attitudes happened in both countries during the 1960s, when legislators came to accept that credit is part and parcel of modern life for everybody. The consequent equality of consumers before the law then became more and more fragmented in European regulation, sacrificed to its leading principle, the idea that well-informed consumers choose rationally and are therefore responsibly for their choices.

Both inside and outside of China, there have been heated debates about Confucian democracy, Confucian values and ethics, and Confucian alternatives to Western models of modernization. In many respects, however, the discussions have reached an impasse: Whereas some observers tend to depict Confucianism as a panacea for all kinds of political and social ills in East Asian and Western societies, others consider it to be a mere vestige of the Chinese tradition which lacks any relevance for contemporary discourse. The present study proposes a way through this impasse based on a critical examination of the modern Confucian project developed by the exiled philosopher Tang Junyi (1909-1978). Tang's comprehensive reinterpretation of Confucianism ranks among the most ambitious philosophical projects in modern Chinese history.

In diesem Beitrag wird das Konzept des Lernbereiches Globales Lernen vorgestellt, der seit dem Sommersemester 2014 an der Europa-Universität Flensburg im Masterstudiengang Lehramt an Grundschulen institutionalisiert ist. Dabei wird verdeutlicht, wie der Lernbereich entstanden ist und wie er in die Gesamtstruktur des Masterstudiengangs eingebunden ist. Zudem wird das inhaltliche Konzept vorgestellt und die organisatorischen und inhaltlichen Erfahrungen werden kritisch reflektiert. (DIPF/Orig.) ; This article provides an introduction to the concept, history, organisational background, content, and structure of the study specialization Globales Lernen (Global Learning), which was introduced at Europa-Universität Flensburg in 2014 and has since been offered every summer term in the Master of Education for future Elementary School Teachers. The article looks at the institutional and conceptual challenges that this study specialization has to contend with and offers both an assessment of the programme as it is, as well as perspectives for future development and optimisation. (DIPF/Orig.)

This study draws on design-based research on an ARIS–based mobile augmented reality game for teaching early 20th century history. New design principles derived from the study include the use of supra-reveals, and bias mirroring. Supra-reveals are a kind of foreshadowing event in order to ground historical happenings in the wider enduring historical understanding. Bias mirroring refers to a nonplayer character echoing back a player's biased behavior, in order to open the player to listening to alternative perspectives. Supra-reveals engendered discussion of historical themes early in the game experience. The results showed that use of a cluster of NPC bias mirroring techniques enhanced student ability to articulate points of view previously unavailable to them.

This report argues that Myanmar's new Parliament falls into the category of a nascent legislature, with a capacity to influence, rather than command, policy and lawmaking, and a potential for vetting, rather than thoroughly overseeing, the activities and behaviors of other branches of government. In a sense, this is very good news, given Myanmar's most recent political history. There does not seem to be any other example in the world of such rapid success in (re)establishing a parliamentary institution after decades without any meaningful legislative activity. Yet, there are several areas where reform and restructuring are needed to improve the long-term efficiency, effectiveness, representativeness, and autonomy of not only the legislative process, but also the parliamentary institution itself.

Urdu language is well-known for literary beauty and other linguistic as well as social factors. Over centuries Urdu/Hindi has gone through many cultural, political and linguistic changes. Urdu language has also changed in some ways of spoken and written forms. Despite the long history and literary power of Urdu, no Urdu author received a Nobel Prize in literature. Some data is presented about the trends in awarding Nobel Prize for literature. This article analyzes and highlights pathways for Urdu/Hindi literature at the world forum. The pathways emerging from connecting various fields and incorporating new linguistic frames can open innovative ways for Urdu/Hindi literature. The new trends of genres of literature are also briefly discussed in the context of Urdu/Hindi.

A look at movements organized and carried out in Philadelphia aimed at economically empowering African Americans could be useful in assessing degrees of success toward identified objectives and in evaluating gains toward addressing the critical question of economic self-sufficiency. The African American community in Philadelphia has a lengthy history of social activism and was successful in establishing early legislation protecting African American employment rights. This paper surveys demonstrations in Philadelphia geared toward improving African Americans' collective economic reality. Next, it assesses the success of the demonstrations in Philadelphia toward their desired objectives. Then, it analyzes the significance of these movements toward addressing the central concern of economic stability. Lastly, it recommends necessary shifts in objectives to adequately address economic self-sufficiency.

Decolonizing archaeological thought in South America happens through three paths: (a) a critical approach to the ways archaeology contributes to coloniality, (b) a criticism of the mechanisms by which coloniality informs archaeology, and (c) a varied exposure of archaeology to subaltern (that is, non-hegemonic and counter-hegemonic) knowledge. These three paths are sometimes taken together and sometimes alone, and the diverse pieces of thought reviewed herein provide examples of each. South America as a locus for the enunciation of archaeological theory opens the epistemic range of the discipline to include indigenous and African-descendant communities' theories of history and materiality. Ongoing research prefigures future trends in decolonizing archaeological thought around issues of land, memory, and knowledge.

South African teachers leave teaching due to factors such as lack of support and adverse working conditions. This study investigated rural teachers' resilience experiences of teaching in a resource-constrained school. A life history design was used to generate data. The research site was visited six times over 20 months. Fifteen interview–conversations were collected and transcribed. The results indicate that the teachers faced chronic poverty as life-span risks. The teachers listed the unstable education system, resource-constrained teaching environment and chronic adversity as risk factors in their environment. They were also concerned with the illiteracy of parents and demotivated students. Significantly, this study shows how rural teachers fostered hope despite chronic adversity in order to be resilient in their chosen profession.

The Great Recession weakened U.S. families' abilities to make charitable gifts. Although African Americans are generally especially hard hit by these types of economic crises, they have a long and distinctive history of volunteerism and mutual assistance. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to examine African American volunteering in nonprofit organizations in the aftermath of the 2008–2009 recession. Specifically, we examined race as well as other factors with the potential to influence volunteering in four categories of organizations: poverty organizations, senior service agencies, social action groups, and religious affiliated organizations. Using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) data, this secondary analysis produced significant findings regarding volunteerism among African Americans in these community-based organizations.

<p class="NomenclatureClauseTitle">Combustion instability in solid propellant rocket motor is numerically simulated by implementing propellant response function with quasi steady homogeneous one dimensional formulation. The convolution integral of propellant response with pressure history is implemented through a user defined function in commercial computational fluid dynamics software. The methodology is validated against literature reported motor test and other simulation results. Computed amplitude of pressure fluctuations compare closely with the literarture data. The growth rate of pressure oscillations of a cylindrical grain solid rocket motor is determined for different response functions at the fundamental longitudinal frequency. It is observed that for response function more than a critical value, the motor exhibits exponential growth rate of pressure oscillations.</p>

This ethnographic study explores the social interactions of African American males in an urban, Southeastern barbershop. Barbershops have become frequent research sites for communicating health messages. This study suggests that African American barbershops are discursive spaces where identity is shaped as young men are initiated into manhood and African American culture. Identity is explored through the communication theory of identity perspective. The study initially focuses on the communal aspects of African American male identity to understand how collective group consciousness is shaped. Then I examine how the collective worldview interpenetrates the interactional, relational, and individual levels of identity. Three themes found to recur from social interactions were male bonding, culture-specific history, and argumentation.

Contemporary literature on intermediary organisations does not cover the history of these organisations in the early twentieth century or how their roles evolved. To understand the evolution of roles, this paper extends the application of dynamic capabilities theory from firms to intermediary organisations. It does this by studying a Dutch government innovation agency between 1910 and 1940 with dynamic capabilities in mediation and knowledge development. These capabilities are illustrated by nine examples that reveal how the agency's consultants modified and extended their resource base in order to continue supporting small and medium-sized enterprises while coping with considerable challenges and changes. Thereby, this paper shows that the dynamic capabilities theory can explain how intermediary organisations can adapt their roles.