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Drawing on the introduction of educational effectiveness research (EER) in the Italian context, this article offers a review on the current state of the theory and the research conducted on educational effectiveness. Some developmental issues are identified, in order to produce a critical comparison between the comprehensive model for EER and the dynamic multilevel one.The multilevel approach is then investigated according to the following dimensions: policies, schools, and classrooms. Finally, this paper explores the research implications of the dynamic model, and postulates its inclusion within the Italian educational system's evaluations. ; In relazione all'introduzione nella realtà italiana dell'Educational Effectiveness Research (EER), il contributo presenta una panoramica dello stato attuale della teoria e della ricerca sull'efficacia educativa, ne individua i principali problemi di sviluppo, quindi effettua un confronto critico fra un modello globale di EER e un modello dinamico multi-livello, esaminandone caratteristiche e prospettive a livello di policy, di istituto scolastico e di classe. Nella parte finale si esplorano le implicazioni del modello dinamico per la ricerca e se ne ipotizza l'introduzione nelle valutazioni italiane del sistema scolastico.

[EN] This work provides an overview of a Spanish survey on research data, which was carried out within the framework of the project Datasea at the beginning of 2015. It is covered by the objectives of sustainable development (goal 9) to support the research. The purpose of the study was to identify the habits and current experiences of Spanish researchers in the health sciences in relation to the management and sharing of raw research data. Method: An electronic questionnaire composed of 40 questions divided into three blocks was designed. The three Section s contained questions on the following aspects: (A) personal information; (B) creation and reuse of data; and (C) preservation of data. The questionnaire was sent by email to a list of universities in Spain to be distributed among their researchers and professors. A total of 1063 researchers completed the questionnaire. More than half of the respondents (54.9%) lacked a data management plan; nearly a quarter had storage systems for the research group; 81.5% used personal computers to store data; "Contact with colleagues" was the most frequent means used to locate and access other researchers' data; and nearly 60% of researchers stated their data were available to the research group and collaborating colleagues. The main fears about sharing were legal questions (47.9%), misuse or interpretation of data (42.7%), and loss of authorship (28.7%). The results allow us to understand the state of data sharing among Spanish researchers and can serve as a basis to identify the needs of researchers to share data, optimize existing infrastructure, and promote data sharing among those who do not practice it yet. ; This research was funded by National R+D+I of the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of the Spanish Government (projects: CSO2012-39632-C02-01 and CSO2015-65594-C2-2-R) and the 2015-Networks of Excellence Call (project CSO2015-71867-REDT). The APC was not funded. ; Aleixandre-Benavent, R.; Vidal-Infer, A.; Alonso-Arroyo, A.; Peset Mancebo, MF.; Ferrer ...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. In 2009, the National Trauma Database Malaysia reported that nearly 80% of traumas in the population were caused by road traffic accidents, with 64% of these cases related to TBI. Despite these concerning reports, TBI reporting systems and research are still limited in Malaysia. Thus, this systematic review aimed to identify and evaluate the available literature on TBI in Malaysia in order to uncover the status of TBI research in Malaysia. A comprehensive literature search was performed on four databases (PubMed, Embase, Medline and Scopus) regarding TBI in Malaysia. Critical evaluation of 60 relevant articles after application of inclusion and exclusion criteria have indicated that TBI research in Malaysia may have significant limitations in representing the actual TBI population and was lacking in basic TBI research. Thus, there is a dire need for government and private institutions to provide support for the advancement of TBI reporting and the progression of basic, clinical and translation TBI research in Malaysia. This will create a deeper understanding of TBI, contributing to global TBI knowledge, and advancing the development of efficient interventions for Malaysians with its population heterogeneity taken into consideration.

In this essay in the special section Mobilization Forum: Awkward Movements, the author investigates the inherent awkwardness created by of the theme of studying awkward social movements in terms of analytical utility of such as conceptualization of a category. The author reflects on personal feelings of moral or political objection as a participant observer of several NIMBY social movements, & suggests careful designation of particular movement practice or characteristics to avoid pushing a movement into the awkward category. The author suggests using terms such as extraordinary groups or counter culture as better conceptual handles, to reduce bias, & the consequences of not studying uncomfortable or Too Popular social movements are discussed. The author concludes that identification or objection to a group by students of social movements are commonplace, & reframes the concept of awkwardness as a relational property that is nested in the nature of the research relationship, rather than as a property of the movement as a particular type. J. Harwell

The research implications and personal perspectives associated with twins' and families' self-reports of zygosity are reviewed. This is followed by summaries of recent research reports including a possible first case of the freemartin effect in humans, twin-singleton comparisons of mental health in Japanese students and mechanisms associated with ART-induced monozygotic twinning. A look at twin stories in the media includes the extraordinary revival of an infant male twin, the career decision of a pair of MZ twin basketball players and the loss of a five-year-old triplet.